Mineral water production: technology, stages, equipment. Mineral waters - treasures of nature How mineral water is formed

What is the normal amount of mineral water consumed? For healthy person Professor A. S. Vishnevsky proposed a simple calculation by body weight. For example, if a person's weight is 100 kg, then his maximum single dose is 300 ml, that is, 3 ml per kilogram of weight is taken. This is not an axiom; various variations are not excluded.

How to choose mineral water.

To facilitate the choice of mineral water for treatment, we present a list of mineral waters, where, in addition to the name, the maximum possible information about the product will be presented. If you have a question about the composition and purpose of water, then the site has a smart Google search and two simple site searches. By entering a question into them, for example:

  • Hydrocarbonate mineral waters.
  • Alkaline mineral waters.
  • Acidic mineral waters…

Or let's say a question related to illness

  • alkaline mineral water with pancreatitis.
  • Mineral water for urolithiasis.
  • Mineral water for gout. ...and other sores that interest you, then as a result of the request you will receive an answer that, I hope, will satisfy you.

pH value.

  • Strongly acidic (pH less than 3.5),
  • acidic (pH 3.5-5.5),
  • slightly acidic (pH 5.5-6.4),
  • neutral (pH 6.5-7.4),
  • slightly alkaline (pH 7.5-8.5),
  • alkaline (pH 8.5 to 9.5)
  • pH>9.5 - highly alkaline water

Why is it important to know the pH of the water you drink? The shortest answer, so as not to unbalance your body. Because the average blood pH 7,4 , and the extreme values ​​of 6.8 and 7.8 lead to lethal outcome. You must know what water to drink so that the pH of the blood is in the region of 7.36 to 7.44. Also know our entire body outside has an acidic environment to kill germs. The skin is acidic, the mucous membrane of the mouth and nose is acidic, the mucous membrane of the eyes is acidic, the environment of the auricles is acidic. By the way, soap is therefore alkaline, so that there would be a reaction. It is believed that for regenerative processes in the body, water must either have a neutral pH - balance. Therefore, if you do not have health problems or do not want to harm it, you should drink natural table water with a neutral pH. And this is usually a key, well, glacial (from the mountains), artesian without any attachments, such as a medical dining room. Highlanders therefore live a long time, since water from glaciers has an average pH of 7

Degree of mineralization

(the amount of substances dissolved in water). Weak (up to 1-2 g/l), small (2-5 g/l), medium (5-15 g/l), high (13-30 g/l), brine (35-150 g/l) , strong brine (over 150 g/l).

Acidic mineral waters

What mineral water is alkaline

Neutral mineral water

Other waters

"Arji" or "Zheleznovodskaya special".

Sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium medical-table low-mineralized 2.5–5.0 g/l mineral water.

  • cystitis,
  • urethritis,
  • pyelonephritis,
  • pancreatitis,
  • gastritis
  • esophagitis
  • ulcer
  • diseases liver,
  • gallbladder and bile ducts.
  • syndrome irritated bowel,
  • dyskinesia
  • sugar diabetes,
  • obesity.

Borskaya.

Sulfate-chloride sodium medical-table mineral water

Chemical composition

bicarbonate HCO3–sulfate SO42-chloride Cl−fluoride F −iodide I −bromide Br−calcium Ca2+
341.6 (according to TU - 200–850)528.0 (according to TU - 500–750)974.9 (according to TU - 600–1250)0.4 (according to TU -<10) <0,1 <0,5 36.0 (according to TU -<70)
magnesium Mg2+sodium + potassium Na++K+sodium Na+potassium K+iron Fe+ Silver Ag+
19.2 (according to TU -<50) 938.0 (according to TU - 700–1400)935,6 2,4 0,15 <0,005
  • gastritis,
  • colitis,
  • enteritis,
  • pancreatitis
  • liver,
  • gallbladder and bile ducts ways.
  • sugar diabetes,
  • uric acid diathesis,
  • obesity,
  • oxaluria.

"Berezovskaya"

Ferrous low-mineralized bicarbonate calcium-sodium-magnesium water.

Used in the treatment

  • ulcers
  • chronic gastritis and with secretory insufficiency,
  • chronic colitis and enterocolitis A,
  • diseases hepatic And,
  • dyskinesia biliary tract,
  • obesity,
  • sugar diabetes,
  • oxaluria,
  • chronic pyelonephritis A,
  • chronic cystitis A.

Water of Eden, Neviot, Ein Gedi

Table natural mineral waters produced in the State of Israel.

"Volzhanka"

Therapeutic table mineral water, with a high content of organic matter 5-10 g/l. Belong to the type of sulfate-hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium. Low-mineralized 0.9 - 1.2 g/dm3.

Used in the treatment

  • inflammatory processes in organs and tissues, especially kidneys, urinary and biliary tracts, liver, intestines,
  • gallbladder and endocrine glands,
  • Displays small stones and sand from the kidneys, gallbladder, urinary and biliary tract.
  • Improves the work of local nerve and endocrine cells,
  • regulating motility and secretion gastrointestinal tract, liver and pancreas.
  • normalizes metabolism,
  • Improves and has a beneficial effect on gastrointestinal tract and pancreas oh gland.
    "Volzhanka" is also diuretic, choleretic.

"Gelendzhikskaya"

Chloride-hydrocarbonate (hydrocarbonate-chloride) sodium low-mineralized 1.0 to 2.0 g / l medical table mineral water.

  • cystitis,
  • urethritis,
  • pyelonephritis,
  • pancreatitis,
  • gastritis with normal, low and high acidity.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease,
  • esophagitis
  • ulcer stomach and duodenum.
  • diseases liver,
  • irritable syndrome intestines,
  • dyskinesia of the intestines, liver, gallbladder and biliary tract
  • sugar diabetes,
  • obesity
  • violation salt and lipid exchange.
    Doctors recommend for better absorption probiotics with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.

"Mountain Spring"

– mineral medical-dining room, bicarbonate calcium (magnesium-calcium) that has undergone mechanical cleaning.
They are used for the treatment and prevention (if there are no exacerbations) of the following diseases:

  • ulcers venous disease of the stomach,
  • duodenum.
  • chronic pancreatitis,
  • hepatitis,
  • colitis.
  • digestive organs.

Mountain Glade.

Gornaya Polyana - mineral water - medical-table mineral water of low mineralization, can be used for cooking. You can drink at any age.

Jemruk

  • Chronic gastritis,
  • colitis,
  • enterocolitis,
  • pancreatitis
  • ulcers
  • diseases liver and
  • bile ducts;
  • hepatitis,
  • cholecystitis,
  • antiocholite
  • diabetes,
  • obesity
  • uric acid diathesis,
  • oscaluria,
  • phosphaturia
  • gout.
  • cleanses the body from slag,
  • renders choleretic and diuretic action.

"Essentuki No. 17"

Water acts on the body, like Essentuki No. 4. The only difference is that Essentuki No. 17 has a higher concentration of minerals and belongs to the group medicinal mineral waters. Therefore, drink it only for diseases, and doses of mineral water must be carefully selected.

Therapeutic chloride-hydrocarbonate sodium, boron natural drinking mineral water is highly mineralized.

  • violation salt and lipid exchange
  • diabetes,
  • obesity
  • chronic pancreatitis,
  • gastritis with normal and low acidity
  • diseases liver,
  • gallbladder and biliary tract
  • irritable bowel syndrome
  • dyskinesia intestines

"Essentuki No. 20"

Hydrocarbonate sodium-calcium table drinking mineral water. As a rule, it can be a blend from various sources, therefore it is not a natural mineral water. Therefore, its composition depends on the wells where it was mined.

"Essentuki No. 2 New"

Therapeutic-table chloride-hydrocarbonate sulfate-sodium, low-mineralized drinking mineral water. Is blending of two wells.

  • chronic pyelonephritis,
  • cystitis,
  • urethritis,
  • pancreatitis,
  • colitis and enterocolitis,
  • gastritis and with normal, low and high acidity
  • ulcers
  • diseases after stomach surgery
  • disease liver,
  • gallbladder and biliary tract

"Healing Essentuki"

Therapeutic-table bicarbonate-sulfate-chloride sodium, siliceous natural drinking mineral water of medium mineralization.

  • chronic pyelonephritis,
  • cystitis,
  • urethritis,
  • pancreatitis,
  • gastritis with normal and high acidity
  • urolithiasis,
  • diabetes,
  • obesity
  • syndrome irritable bowel
  • ulcers s stomach and duodenum
  • gastroesophageal reflux disease,
  • esophagitis
  • violation salt and lipid exchange.

"Essentuki New 55" and "Essentuki Gornaya"

- are bicarbonate-sodium mineral natural fresh drinking table waters. You can drink to strengthen the body for a long time.

"Irkutsk".

Therapeutic-table hydrocarbonate-sulfate-chloride magnesium-sodium-calcium mineral natural water.

Used in the treatment and prevention

  • problems digestive organs.
  • metabolic disorders;
  • diseases gastrointestinal tract;
  • For problems in genitourinary system.

"Kashinskaya"

Crimean.

"Krymskaya" hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium medical-table mineral drinking water.

Main ionic composition:

  • bicarbonate HCO3– - 600–950
  • sulfate SO42− - 100–150
  • chloride Cl− - 500–600.
  • calcium Ca2+ -<25
  • magnesium Mg2+ -<10
  • sodium + potassium Na+ + K+ - 650–750
  • gastritis with normal gastric secretion, with reduced gastric secretion;
  • not complicated ulcers venous disease of the stomach and duodenum,
  • diseases of the operated stomach and duodenum,
  • diseases of the operated stomach, in connection with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum,
  • chronic colitis and enterocolitis;
  • chronic diseases liver and
  • biliary tract,
  • hepatitis,
  • dyskenesia biliary tract,
  • cholecystitis,
  • angiocholitis different etiologies without a tendency to frequent complications,
  • postcholecystectomy syndromes,
  • chronic pancreatitis;
  • sugar diabetes,
  • obesity,
  • gout,
  • uric acid diathesis,
  • oxaluria,
  • phosphaturia,
  • chronic diseases kidneys and urinary tract,
  • disease metabolism.

"Kurtyaevskaya".

"Kurtyaevskaya" - mineral drinking water, medical and table carbonated, the degree of mineralization - from 2 to 4 g / dm3.

Applies to the following.

  • decline acidity gastric juice.
  • improve secretion small intestine stomach,
  • pancreas.
  • Recovery cookies and
  • gallbladder.
  • in diseases biliary tract,
  • chronic hepatitis,
  • sugar diabetes,
  • obesity.
  • Increases selection bile
  • declining cholesterol in blood and bile
  • creates the right pressure in tissue and interstitial body fluids.

"Kuyalnik"

Therapeutic table sodium chloride mineral water. Kuyalnik mineral water stimulates secretion and motility stomach, intestines, biliary systems and pancreas.

Used in the treatment

  • Chronic pyelonephritis,
  • pancreatitis and with exocrine insufficiency,
  • gastritis with reduced and preserved acid-forming function of the stomach in the stage of fading exacerbation, unstable and persistent remission, non-calculous cholecystitis;
  • fatty hepatosis;
  • benign hyperbilirubinemia;
  • diseases stomach and duodenum with symptoms of hypotonic dyskinesia;
  • postcholecystectomy syndrome;
  • dyskinesia biliary tract and gallbladder;
  • irritable syndrome intestines(no diarrhoea).

Contraindication when drinking "Kuyalnik"

  • Cancer of the digestive system
  • Crohn's disease;
  • acute and subacute pancreatitis;
  • chronic gastritis with increased acid-forming in the stomachs;
  • acute hepatitis in the active stage;
  • cholangitis;
  • chronic enteritis and colitis in the acute stage
  • post-gastroresection disorders;
  • nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

"Lysogorskaya" (Mineral waters of Zheleznovodsk.)

Chloride-sulfate, magnesium-sodium medicinal mineral water.

Used for treatment and prevention.

1. Chronic diseases of the digestive organs:

  • Chronic gastritis: with normal, increased, decreased secretory function of the stomach;
  • Diseases of the large intestine of an inflammatory nature, occurring with sluggish peristalsis, a tendency to constipation, flatulence (chronic colitis);
  • Functional disorders of the large intestine.

2. Chronic diseases of the liver and biliary tract:

  • Inflammatory liver diseases (hepatitis) of various etiologies;
  • Diseases of the gallbladder - cholecystitis of various origins;
  • Cholelithiasis;
  • Diseases of the biliary tract;
  • Mild forms of cirrhosis of the liver.

3. Metabolic disorders and diseases:

  • Obesity I - II degree of various origins;
  • mild forms of diabetes;
  • Violation of water-salt metabolism;
  • Gouty diathesis and gout.

Mode of application

During the rehabilitation of patients with irritable bowel syndrome, Lysogorskaya mineral water is prescribed as a means of stimulating the intestines. Hydrocarbonate ions contained in mineral water inhibit AMP-dependent phosphorylation of glycolytic and lipolytic enzymes. As a result, the secretion of hydrochloric acid decreases. Deficiency of hydrogen ions inhibits the formation of pepsins, gastrin and secretin and enhances intestinal motility. Sulfate ions in the intestine are practically not absorbed, but increase its motor function, having a laxative effect. Calcium and magnesium ions enhance the contractile function of the smooth muscle elements of the intestinal walls and restore its motor activity. Naphthenes, humins, bitumens and phenols are quickly absorbed into the blood in the stomach and in the upper sections of the small intestine, activate the intestinal microflora and contribute to the production of antibacterial and biologically active components.

  • For bowel diseases with constipation, mineral water is taken 3 times a day, 250 ml each 45 minutes before meals and at night (about 2 bottles a day). The water temperature is 18-24 degrees Celsius.
  • The same with obesity. And limited intake of other fluids and table salt.
  • In case of metabolic disorders - reception in the same mode as in case of intestinal diseases.
  • In case of liver and biliary diseases, by taking 150 ml of mineral water in the same mode. When receiving bottled water, degassing is performed in a water bath at t - 40 degrees Celsius.
  • When receiving bottled water, degassing is performed in a water bath at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius. If not possible, use mechanical degassing or natural degassing, i.e. just leave the bottle open. Try not to use metal cutlery for stirring.

"Malkinskaya-1"

Healing water. Malkinskaya is the main water of Kamchatka. At a depth of 610 m, an underground river flows in a layer of chalk rocks that are over 100 million years old. The famous water is extracted from this river. When carbonated, the gas is used, which is released from mineral water during its extraction. That is, we drink exactly the water that came out of the well.

Malkinskaya is close in properties to Borjomi water - chloride-hydro-carbonate-sodium medicinal water with a mineralization of 4.4 g / l.

They are used for treatment and prevention if there are no exacerbations of the following diseases.

  • chronic diseases gastritis with decreased and increased secretory function of the stomach, and
  • urinary tract.
  • Colitis,
  • uric acid diathesis,
  • oxaluria.
  • Sugar diabetes,
  • obesity.
  • Phosphaturia,
  • pancreatitis.

It is not recommended for diseases in the acute period, as well as for complications - blockage of the bile ducts and purulent processes in the bile ducts, requiring inpatient treatment or surgery, motor insufficiency of the stomach with a tendency to bleeding, suspicion of cancerous degeneration, narrowing of the esophagus or pylorus of the stomach, sharp prolapse of the stomach, ulcerative processes in the intestines, bleeding hemorrhoids, decompensation of cardiac activity in obesity, a tendency to acidosis in diabetes. Ingestion of alkaline mineral waters with an alkaline urine reaction is also not justified in order to avoid aggravating the violation of the acid-base balance in the body (to Professor N. A. Gavrikov).

It is also recommended to wipe the skin with this water, especially for fashionistas who often use cosmetics. If slightly heated and release gas, you can rinse your nose with a runny nose and or gargle with a sore throat (+ a few drops of lemon juice)

A feature is the content of trace elements - SELENIUM A. Silene is a strong antioxidant, which means it rejuvenates the body, treats cardiovascular diseases, and prevents cancer.

"Maltinskaya" - medical dining room.

sulfate-chloride calcium-sodium, total mineralization 1.6-3.1 mg / l.

Chemical composition (mg/dm3):

  • chlorides 600 - 1100
  • sulfates 300 - 550
  • bicarbonates 200 - 350
  • sodium-potassium 400 - 750
  • magnesium less than 100
  • calcium 100 - 250

Nabeglavi

It is a carbonic bicarbonate-sodium mineral water. Close in medicinal properties to Borjomi. Nabeglavi water belongs to sodium borjomi waters according to the classification "Mineral drinking medicinal and medicinal table waters" developed by the Ministry of Health of Russia, and complies with GOST 13273 - 88.

The difference of magnesium in Nabeglavi is 3 times more than in Borjomi, and chlorine is 3 times less, the level of sulfates exceeds the degree of sulfate - ions of the source of Borjomi.

drink 2 times in 7 days drink 1 glass.

Nagutskaya-26.

Narzan.

A feature is that with a relatively low mineralization of 2.0-3.0 g/l, the composition contains more than 20 minerals and trace elements, which does not change for a long time.

"Narzan" - medical-table sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium-magnesium-calcium natural drinking mineral water. Due to its properties, Narzan stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach, because of this it helps those with low stomach acidity.

Indications for the treatment of the following diseases.

  • irritable bowel syndrome
  • intestinal dyskinesia
  • chronic pancreatitis
  • postcholecystectomy syndrome
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • chronic pyelonephritis
  • urolithiasis disease
  • chronic cystitis
  • chronic urethritis.

The main thing is about the methods of treatment with Narzan.

Mineral water "Narzan" stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach, therefore it is used as a remedy for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with low secretion (atrophic gastritis and others), its action is not very effective and duration of action. To stimulate secretion, Narzan is drunk warm 15–20 minutes before meals.

Treatment regimens for the rehabilitation of patients with chronic gastritis due to the peculiarities of the secretory and motor-evacuation functions of the stomach. Sodium ions Na + and potassium K + contained in the mineral water "Narzan" increase the secretion of hydrochloric acid by activating the transport of sodium ions Na + through the apical membranes of the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa. With the hypokinetic type of motor function, a significant amount of liquid is prescribed (more than 5 ml / kg of body weight). Taking "Narzan" at a temperature of 20-25 ° C stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and gastrointestinal peptides (especially gastrin), enhances gastric motility by increasing the tone of the pylorus, reducing duodenogastric reflux. It is recommended to drink "Narzan" 3 ml/kg of body weight (75-100 ml), at a water temperature of 20-25°C, 15-20 minutes before meals in small sips, slowly, drink 3-4 times a day, repeated courses through 4–6 months

"NATALIA" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

Calcium natural - table water. Contains an increased and harmonious composition magnesium and calcium 1:3 at which calcium is better absorbed.

"NATALIA - 2" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

drinking table water is intended for drinking and cooking. Tea and coffee made with this water are especially delicious.

Nizhne-Ivkinskaya No. 2K (Mineral waters of Vyatka).

"Okhtinskaya" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

belongs to the sodium chloride group.

Used for the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases:

  • gastritis and
  • pancreatitis,
  • liver and
  • biliary tract,
  • ulcers venous disease of the stomach and duodenum,
  • colitis and enterocolitis
  • Normalization metabolism.

"Polustrovo".

Therapeutic table chloride-hydrocarbonate, sodium, ferruginous natural drinking mineral water. Weakly mineralized glandular. Value pH=6.23, which indicates water is not alkaline, but refers to slightly acidic waters, on the border with neutral.

The composition contains an element - ferrous ferrous iron. The iron content is 60 - 65 mg / l. According to manufacturers, iron is absorbed by 100%.

Composition of Polustrovo water

pH - 6.23

Total Mineralization (TDS): 400 – 700 mg/l

Calcium (Ca++): < 50 mg/l

Magnesium (Mg++): < 50 mg/l

Sodium (Na+): < 100 mg/l

Bicarbonates (HCO3-): 80 – 150 mg/l

Chlorides (Cl-): < 150 mg/l

Sulphates (SO4–): < 350

Iron (Fe + +): 60 – 70 mg/l

They are used for the treatment and prevention of glandular deficiency anemia. According to laboratory studies, the water "Polustrovo" in its composition similar to blood plasma.
IN rachi recommend:

  • to increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood,
  • strengthening the immune system.
  • relieve fatigue.
  • it is recommended to drink "Polyustrovo" for women during pregnancy and after childbirth, when the body's need for iron is high.

For preventive purposes, water is drunk in courses. Preferably in early spring or late fall. The course is 21-28 days. During the course, water should be drunk 1-1.5 cups 3 times a day 40-60 minutes before meals. A second course is carried out after 4-6 months. In order to preserve tooth enamel, water is drunk through a straw, after releasing the bubbles.

Historical note a - during the blockade, the survival rate of people living in the pole region was higher, since they drank local water from an underground source.

"ROSINKA - 2", "KEY" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

– drinking table water is intended for drinking and cooking.

Growled-su.

Therapeutic table chloride-hydrocarbonate sodium natural mineral water.

  • thyroid glands.
  • improves intra-hepatic blood flow,
  • accelerates bile secretion,
  • gastritis,
  • colitis,
  • pancreatitis
  • gout,
  • goiter,
  • obesity,
  • diabetes.
  • viral hepatitis A,
  • deficit iodine.

Growling-su rejuvenates and cleanses the body of toxins.

"Sairme"

Hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium, medicinal table natural mineral water.

Used for treatment and prevention

  • Diseases esophagus
  • Chronic gastritis with increased and normal gastric secretions
  • ulcers
  • Diseases intestines and liver,
  • pancreatic glands
  • biliary paths and bubble
  • Strengthens bone system
  • Raises immunity
  • slows down sclerotically x processes

"Slavyanovskaya" and "Smirnovskaya" (Mineral waters of Zheleznovodsk.)

are similar and refer to sulfate-hydrocarbonate, calcium-sodium (magnesium-sodium) medicinal table mineral waters.

Used for treatment.

  • ulcer venous disease of the stomach and duodenum,
  • Chronic colitis A,
  • diseases liver,
  • gastritis.
  • biliary and urinary tract,
  • diseases metabolism. Also
  • raises body resistance from an unfavorable external environment.
  • Helps with poisoning(alcoid).

Soluki

Therapeutic table water of medium mineralization 3-5 g/dm³.

It is sulfate-chloride, chloride-sulfate calcium-sodium water without biologically active components.

Used in the treatment of:

  • chronic pancreatitis A,
  • diseases kidney and
  • urinary tract
  • stomach ulcers,
  • gastritis,
  • hepatitis.
  • diseases liver,
  • biliary tract,
  • cholecystitis ov.
  • normalize work intestines and stomach.
  • Beneficial effect on peristalsis of the intestines.

Uleimskaya (magnesium)

Low-mineralized chloride-sulfate calcium-sodium mineral drinking medical table water.

Used in the treatment outside the exacerbation phase,

  • infections.
  • chronic colitis and
  • enterocolitis,
  • gastritis with normal, increased and decreased secretory function of the stomach;
  • urine excretory tract,
  • pancreatitis.
  • liver And
  • biliary tract:
  • hepatitis,
  • cholecystitis,
  • angiocholitis,
  • cholecystitis calculus
  • Postcholecystectomy syndrome

"Uglichskaya"

Cheboksary.

"Cheboksarskaya-1" chloride-sulfate-sodium low-mineralized medical-table mineral natural water.

Chvizhepse.

"Chvizhepsinskaya", "Bear's Corner" and "Krasnaya Polyana" waters under different names, but from the same source. Plus, water from the Chvizhepsna spring is mixed with water from the Plastunskoye deposit. Its names are Chvizhepse, Achishkho-6 and Achishkho-7.

Water of weak mineralization. Many are confused about what kind of water it is, this is due to 2 wells. One produces carbon dioxide arsenic water bicarbonate, sodium-calcium type similar to "Arzni" and "Narzan", in another carbonate bicarbonate calcium-sodium arsenic water similar to Borjomi and Sairme
Due to the increased content iron, boron and lithium used in the treatment

  • stomach secretion
  • water-salt balance
  • Liver and pancreas
  • hematopoiesis
  • From oxygen deficiency.
  • body immunity.
  • iron deficiency anemia.
  • Neutralizes heavy metals.
  • nervous system disorders
  • musculoskeletal system

"Shmakovskaya"

Hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium medical-table mineral water.

Used for the treatment and prevention of:

  • ulcers chronic diseases of the stomach and duodenum;
  • obesity;
  • gastritis;
  • diabetes;
  • disease kidney;
  • disease rectum.

Elbrus.

Chloride-hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium, boric, ferruginous, siliceous medicinal-table mineral water from well No. 2 of the Elbrus field, Kabardino-Balkaria Republic.

Chemical composition mg / l.

  • bicarbonate HCO3– 1200–1500
  • sulfate SO42- less than 100
  • chloride Cl − 150–300
  • calcium Ca2+ 100–200
  • magnesium Mg2+ less than 100
  • sodium Na+ + potassium K+ 400–600
  • iron 10–40
  • cystitis,
  • urethritis,
  • pyelonephritis,
  • pancreatitis,
  • gastritis with normal, low and high acidity.
  • gastroesophageal reflux disease,
  • esophagitis
  • ulcer stomach and duodenum.
  • diseases liver, gallbladder and biliary tract.
  • irritable syndrome guts,
  • dyskinesia intestines, liver, gallbladder and biliary tract
  • sugar diabetes,
  • obesity
  • violation salt and lipid exchange.

Gerolsteiner.

"Gerolsteiner" chemical composition

  • Calcium - 348 mg/l
  • Magnesium - 108 mg/l
  • Potassium - 11 mg/l
  • Chlorides - 40 mg/l
  • Sulphates - 38 mg/l
  • Bicarbonate - 1816 mg/l

Perrier

Chemical composition.

  • Calcium - 155 mg/l
  • Magnesium - 6.8 mg/l
  • Sodium - 11.8 mg/l
  • Chlorides - 25 mg/l
  • Sulphates - 46.1 mg/l
  • Bicarbonates - 445 mg/l

Jamnica (Yamnitsa)

Natural carbonated table water, with low mineralization. Suitable for frequent use.

The Trans-Baikal Territory is rich in springs: Molokovka, Karpovka, Darasun, Shivanda, Yamkun. In the days of the USSR, they tried to build medical institutions next to the wells. One of the most famous nowadays sanatorium " Darasun» . Residents of Buryatia and Chita like to come here for medical treatment. Until recently, local residents saw only mineral water on the shelves "Cook", now there is more choice, other brands have appeared - “Darasun”, “Yamarovka”, “Aksha”, “Uletovskaya”. In general, there are more than 300 mineral springs in this region, so there is room to grow. Let's briefly describe the most popular waters.

"Darasun"

Drink if you are anemic and lack iron. Water belongs to the group bicarbonate alkaline earth carbonic waters and used as drinking water. This mineral water with a mineralization of about 2 g / l, carbon dioxide - 3.2 g / l with high content of iron salts. Doctors recommend drinking with:

- chronic gastritis,
- uncomplicated gastric and duodenal ulcer,
– chronic colitis and enterocolitis,
chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis,
- diabetes,
- urolithiasis disease,
- disease of the circulatory system,
- iron deficiency anemia.

"Kuka Resort"

Natural medicinal table mineral water of group IV, hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium, sodium-magnesium-calcium. Natural gassing (used to be, now it is not clear), is often called the local Narzan.

Cook can help with the following diseases - urolithiasis, pyelonephritis, chronic diseases of the liver and urinary tract, colitis, diabetes, as well as diseases of the stomach and duodenum. Drink water, depending on the acidity of gastric juice, 250 g 25-30 minutes before meals 3 times a day.

  • with low acidity 15-20 minutes before meals, heated to + 15 ° C, + 20 ° C;
  • With normal acidity 30 minutes before meals, heated to + 30 ° C;
  • With increased acidity 45-60 minutes before a meal, heated to + 40 ° C, + 50 ° C.

Note that enterprises releasing water are required to comply with the requirements of the SES. This means that water is treated with filters, etc. and some of the benefits do not reach the consumer. An easy way to determine whether the water is ferruginous or not was suggested by readers - if mineral water turns yellow after 2, 3 days after opening, then this water is natural and with iron. Therefore, if possible, collect water yourself, based on the following scientific information. The ferruginous waters of Transbaikalia are divided into two groups. Waters belong to the 1-0th, iron comes from the reduction of hydroxides with carbon dioxide, which is formed during the oxidation of organic matter - the sources of the Ust-Selenga depression. These waters belong to loose Quaternary deposits, with a high content of organic matter. The amount of iron in the waters reaches 0.05-0.06 g/dm 3 . The waters are slightly alkaline (pH 6.0-6.8) with a mineralization of 0.5 g/dm 3 . The 2nd group includes waters enriched with iron as a result of the oxidation of sulfides (Daban-Gorkhon, Marakta springs). The anionic composition of waters depends on the composition of host rocks. The content of iron in hydrocarbonate waters is low and reaches 0.025-0.030 g/dm 3 , in sulfate waters it can reach 0.1 g/dm 3 . The mineralization of waters is up to 1.2 g/dm3, and the pH of the waters ranges from strongly acidic (pH 4.0) to neutral and alkaline.
The most famous ferruginous springs are: Khon-gor-Ulla (Kharagun river), Zhargalantai (Urik river basin) and Khandagai-Shuulun (Oka river basin), Ulan-Bulak Urulyunguyevsky, (Argun river basin), Upper Zhuisky source located in the river valley. Chew, lion. tributary Chara.

Sulfate magnesium mineral waters.

Recently, people have become interested in sulfate-magnesium mineral waters. The popularity of searching for information about these waters is easily explained. With the help of magnesium sulphate water, patients want to solve a delicate problem, namely constipation. Of course, this water will help in this problem, just do not overdo it with treatment - pay attention to contraindications and dosage. For starters, there is no such name. The correct name for waters where sulfates and magnesium are present looks like this:

  • Sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters.

  • Sulfate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters.

  • Sulfate-chloride sodium-magnesium water.

Sulfate-chloride sodium-magnesium water, the most famous "Lysogorskaya".

Sulfate-bicarbonate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters "Narzan", "Dolomite Narzan", "Sulfate Narzan". The source of water is located in Kislovodsk - Resort Caucasian Mineralnye Vody. .

Sulfate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters- the most famous of this series - "Kashinskaya Kurortnaya", "Kashinskaya", "Anna Kashinskaya" and "Kashinskaya Voditsa". The source of water is located in the resort town of Kashin, Tver region.

Kashinsky mineral water is contraindicated for people with low stomach acidity and outside the stage of exacerbation of diseases. M mineral waters of this class are not desirable as a daily drink for a long time. It is used to treat the following diseases:

  • gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophagitis
  • chronic gastritis with normal and high acidity
  • stomach and/or duodenal ulcer
  • irritable bowel syndrome
  • intestinal dyskinesia
  • diseases of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract
  • chronic pancreatitis
  • rehabilitation after surgery for stomach ulcers
  • postcholecystectomy syndrome
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • violation of salt and lipid metabolism
  • chronic pyelonephritis
  • urolithiasis disease
  • chronic cystitis
  • chronic urethritis.

Examples of the use of water for medicinal purposes.

  • Ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Water is taken 1.5 hours before meals, starting with 80-100 ml and during the week, a single dose is gradually adjusted to 150 ml per dose. Drink water heated to 45 ° C, without gas. Mineral water is drunk quickly in large sips, three times a day. The course of treatment lasts 4 weeks, then, after a three-month break, it is possible to repeat the course.
  • Chronic gastritis with high acidity. Drink water 1-1.5 hours before meals, start with 80-100 ml, bring it up to 150 ml within a week, water temperature is 45°C, take water quickly, in sips, three times a day. The course of treatment is a month, with a repetition in three months.
  • Chronic gastritis with normal acidity. Drink water three times a day, slowly, in sips 45 minutes before meals, start with 80-100 ml and bring it up to 150 ml within a week, the water temperature is 35°C. The course of treatment is 4 weeks, the courses are repeated with a break of three months.
  • Chronic gastritis with low acidity. Water is drunk slowly, in small sips for 20 minutes. before meals, 3 times a day, starting with 80-100 ml and within a week, bring up to 150 ml at a time. The course of treatment is 4 weeks, the courses are repeated with a break of three months.

I visited the plant producing Arkhyz mineral water, located in the village of the same name in Karachay-Cherkessia. Arkhyz mineral water is produced by Visma, founded in 1993, which today owns several plants in the country. This is one of them.



In this house is one of the wells. Water is extracted from a depth of 150 meters. Water comes from the well around the clock. By the way, mineral water is already sufficiently carbonated with natural gas, so very little gas is added. The water supply of the village of Arkhyz comes from wells adjacent to the factory.
The rules strictly limit the amount of water that can be taken from the well per day.

This is the same well going 150 meters through which Arkhyz mineral water flows. The mineralization of Arkhyz occurs during the passage through the mountain ranges and falling into the underground glacier from which it comes out.

Local residents work at the plant. The average salary is 15,000 rubles. They work in shifts, each shift is half a day. This is done so that after work (or before it, if the shift is evening), a person has time to do household chores at home.
Representatives of the Kronos company also work at the plant on the equipment of which water is produced.

In these tanks, water is collected and stored.

This tank is filled with water and sent to another plant, in Cherkessk, where water is bottled for 0.5 and 1 liter bottles.

The compressor gives a pressure of 40 atmospheres, due to which bottles are blown out of plastic test tubes.

From such a test tube a 5-liter bottle is born from which we drink Arkhyz water.

Rotating molds for creating bottles.

Filling bottles with mineral water.

The plant can produce over 7,000 bottles of water per hour.


This device helps to identify underfilling, overfilling or incorrectly put on the cap. As soon as such a bottle is determined, it is knocked out of the total mass of bottles traveling along the conveyor and sent to marriage.

To date, Visma employs a total of 1,500 people.

The growth of the company's beverage production is impressive: if in 2011 81 million bottles were bottled, then in 9 months of 2012 there were already 91 million bottles.

Here, 5 liter bottles are filled and sent to the warehouse.

A slightly different fate awaits 19-liter bottles of water: they are looked into the light, and wiped from industrial pollution, after which the bottle is sent to the warehouse, where it is already wrapped in a film individually.

And now some interesting information about mineral waters and which ones and how they affect human health:

You will say, "Well, another mineral water, but are there few of them on the market? How to choose?", so I will write further about those properties that distinguish Arkhyz water from all other mineral waters.
So, firstly, the composition of Arkhyz water is the closest of all mineral waters to the composition of the liquid contained in human cells.
Secondly, only Arkhyz mineral water contains natural iodine. There are mineral waters on the market that contain iodine, but it is artificially added and, which almost no one knows about, it leaves the water very quickly, so in all cases except for Arkhyz, when they write “contains iodine” on mineral water, this is a marketing ploy that introduces consumer confusion.
And thirdly, and most importantly, it is a unique level of mineralization.
A little background. There is such a country as the USA. This country has the most stringent standard for water salinity. Any water with a salinity of more than 200 mg per liter is prohibited for sale, since it is believed that a large amount of salt in mineral water is deadly for humans. Such strict standards were introduced to save Americans from diseases of the joints, cardiovascular system and other troubles that salt carries.

Now let's see what mineralization is contained in a number of popular mineral waters known to us.
Borjomi - an average of 6 grams per liter.
Narazan - an average of 2.5 grams per liter.
There are also a number of mineral waters in which this indicator is on average 9 or 12 grams per liter.

That is, when a person tells you that "I take care of my health - I drink Borjomi every day" it means that he says "I take care of my health - I eat two tablespoons of salt a day"! It just sounds ridiculous. Place these waters exclusively on the shelves of pharmacies. They can only be used as medicines, courses under the supervision of a doctor, if there are medical indications, when the negative effect of salt consumption is less important than the treatment of some diseased organ. And this, mind you, in strictly defined doses, like "a quarter cup of heated water half an hour before meals for two weeks, twice a year." All! You can't touch that kind of water anymore. And we have it on store shelves.

Now compare the indicators of these waters with those of Arkhyz: an average of 250 milligrams per liter, thus, according to its lower indicators (mineralization of Arkhyz from 150 to 350 milligrams), Arkhyz meets even very strict American standards of mineralization, which the above waters absolutely do not correspond to. That is, Arkhyz can be consumed constantly, including for cooler use or for boiling (due to its low mineralization, it does not harm dishes).
Finished goods warehouse.

Delivery of one bottle of Arkhyz outside the Urals costs 8 rubles. And to the Far East 16. Producers of mineral water, unlike the producers of Lada Kalina, do not receive any preferences from the state. Therefore, for residents of the East of the country, water is more expensive. Fortunately, we managed not to carry water in refrigerated wagons, which Russian Railways insisted on (transportation of water in a refrigerated wagon costs 50% more than in a regular wagon), since water is stored quite normally at normal temperature. This reduced the cost of mineral water for consumers. It should also be mentioned that there are several producers of mineral water on our market, which, of course, is not as useful as Arkhyz, who pay money to retail outlets so that a competitor in the form of Arkhyz does not appear there.
Loading products into trucks.

In addition to mineral waters, Visma produces Megavita and Zhivitsa drinks - these are waters with unique characteristics.
Megavita is a unique energy drink, has a fruity taste and is the only one in its class. After the end of the action of this energy drink in the body, a person does not experience a breakdown, as happens with the use of conventional energy drinks, so it is recommended for athletes. Unlike conventional energy drinks, it does not have any negative effect on the body and consists only of natural ingredients.

And Zhivitsa water is based on larch extract and has a taste of pine needles. No similar drink was yet in the world.

This is how my trip to the Arkhyz mineral water plant went. During this trip, I learned a lot of new things and this information will make me reconsider my attitude to my health, at least in the field of drinking mineral water. I hope that you also picked up something useful that will have the best effect on your health!

Mineral water is a category of natural water containing dissolved salts and a number of biologically active microelements in its structure. It is mined from horizons that have retained their natural chemical composition. It belongs to the category of food products, and in the case of an increased content of biological components, they are used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

Mineral water is classified into:
- drinking;
- actually, mineral external and internal application;
- treatment-and-prophylactic and others.

Location of mineral waters

Rocks contain various waters in terms of quality and reserves. The conditions of its occurrence are directly dependent on the physical properties of the rocks. These include porosity, that is, rocks containing small pores (voids) and duty cycle, that is, rocks containing large pores.

But, the issue of formation of underground water reserves does not have a single point of view. There are several hypotheses regarding their origin. For example, according to the theory of infiltration, accumulation occurs by infiltration of precipitation into the ground. And according to the theory of condensation, the origin of underground moisture is due to the water vapor of the atmosphere, penetrating and condensing in the cold earth's crust. Below is a zone of the so-called slow water exchange. They form pressure, or artesian resources.

The formation of mineral resources is a very long process. In fact, the chemical and even bacteriological composition of natural natural waters is formed under the influence of continuous natural factors. This is the geological structure of the basin and its influence on the composition of the rock, coupled with physical and biochemical processes. Climate, volcanic activity with changes in relief, one way or another, have a gravitational and electromagnetic effect on the mixing of formation waters. Many issues of the formation of natural sources with a saturated composition of carbon dioxide and other mineralization remain controversial. Taking into account a brief summary of the hydrogeological situation, the depth of their occurrence in different regions of the earth's surface is different.

Extraction of mineral water

The extraction of mineral resources is carried out in accordance with the technical projects agreed with the federal bodies of Gosgortekhnadzor. Along with the standard requirements for drilling operations, projects are also provided for the conservation, liquidation of wells, as well as the execution of the entire package of documents related to the extraction of mineral waters. Serious attention is paid to the isolation of different horizons, to exclude the mixing of waters of different types. Mineral resources are selected by the so-called intermittent crane method. This is due to a possible change in the physical and chemical properties and a negative impact on the technical and operational state of the well. In this case, it is allowed to apply their continuous selection.

If mineral waters are extracted with an admixture, for example, oil, then the well is equipped with appropriate separators. In general, drilling operations are developed depending on the depth of the well, additional requirements when drilling for mineral springs. An important argument is the hydrogeological specificity of the deposit and, of course, the quality of raw materials.

Scope of mineral water use

Mineral drinking water is used as a spa treatment and canteen. For the purpose of sale, they are poured into sealed containers and artificially carbonated. In such packaging, carbon dioxide contributes to the preservation of the salt composition and medicinal properties. In resort conditions, various types of springs are used.

Mineral waters are classified according to the types of diseases. Can be used for diseases of the intestines, biliary tract, intestines. In general, you can use waters oriented to diseases of the digestive system. On the label, as a rule, the approximate chemical composition is written. But this data is useful for users who understand their disease.

For balneological purposes, only sources are used that are directly extracted from wells with a constant, unchanged chemical composition and protected from pollution. Their use is also possible outside the resort facilities, bottled in measured glassware. The bottling is carried out at the enterprises of the food industry with saturation with carbon dioxide, which preserves the taste and chemical composition for a long time.

Water is also used for external use. These include baths, swimming in pools, massage showers and others. Along with natural sources for medicinal purposes, artificially prepared mineral waters from pure lake or sea salt are also used. These are sulfuric, oxygen, bromine - sodium and other baths.

Natural and artificial waters are also used for inhalations, bowel lavage, enemas and other medical procedures.

Benefits of mineral waters

Natural mineral water is truly endowed with life-giving power:
- retains the taste of cooked dishes for a long time, in comparison with mains water;
- perfectly preserves the natural aroma of tea and coffee;
- slightly less mineralization is used in dry mixes, dilution of juices for infants;
- are used as a drink, refreshing and quenching thirst;
- contributes to the correct and timely digestion of food.
- are able to compensate for losses (in the form of sweat and natural secretions), since it is considered the most saturated with calcium, magnesium and other elements.
- allows you to improve efficiency and increase life expectancy, since it compensates not only for the loss of moisture, but also for part of the body's salts.
- perfectly absorbed, responds well to gastric juice with stimulation of intestinal activity.
- is widely used in cosmetology.

Disadvantages of mineral water

Low content of mineral salts:
- do not provide the nominal balance of minerals;
- contribute to the washing out of microelements accumulated in the body, which is fraught with weakening of bone tissue;
- the absence or low percentage of fluorine causes caries and destruction of tooth enamel;
- lack of magnesium can lead to the disease of cardiovascular insufficiency;
- lack of iodine can become a growth retardant and mental retardation.

But highly mineralized moisture, for example, sulfates and chlorides, will lead to the appearance of urolithiasis. And an excess of sodium chloride will certainly cause unhealthy work of the cardiovascular system.

For edification, it is necessary to take water moderately mineralized.

Mineral water is a gift for the body. A good mineral water restores the water-salt balance and even helps to cope with many diseases. In the end, mineral water is surprisingly tasty. What to look for when choosing water to get the maximum benefit and taste?

natural origin

You can take plain water and add salts and minerals to it at the factory. The composition will be similar, only it will have little in common with a real mineral water. Mineral waters are complex solutions, useful substances are contained in them in the form of ions, undissociated molecules, gases, colloidal particles. That is, nature works much harder than a factory.

Mineral natural drinking waters are waters extracted from aquifers or aquifers protected from anthropogenic impact, retaining the natural chemical composition and related to food products, and with increased mineralization or with an increased content of certain biologically active components, they have a therapeutic and prophylactic effect.

Wikipedia

The Veneto region of Italy, where the source of San Benedetto is located. David Nicholls/Flickr.com

Composition of minerals

You will have to become a chemist for a while and see what is indicated on the label.

Everyone knows that mineral water is good for health. Then confusion and vacillation begin, because few people can understand what exactly is useful. At best, they heard that there are some salts.

In fact, the chemical composition of mineral waters is very different. And depending on what prevails, it is used for various diseases.

Does this mean that you can’t just take and buy mineral water? Not really. There are waters containing the main minerals that everyone needs every day, that is, they in any case help maintain water and electrolyte balance. Pay attention to the fact that the water contains calcium, sodium, magnesium and potassium.

Mineralization

If the composition of minerals is what salts are included in the mineral water, then mineralization is how much.

Most often, the labels say “dining room” or “medical dining room”, this classification is also affected by the amount of minerals. The word "healing" in the name of the product implies that you can't just take it and start drinking. You need to find out if you can treat them and in what quantities. But the dining options are suitable for every day. Low mineralization - up to 1,000 mg/dm³ - means that the mineral water is perfect for sports or as an addition to lunch.

What values ​​are optimal? At San Benedetto water, for example, the mineralization is 265 mg / dm³. This water can be given even to babies. The Italians have long appreciated this: in terms of sales, San Benedetto is one of the leading brands in its country.

Taste

The composition of minerals determines the taste of water. If you try distilled water, you will notice that it has no taste at all.

There is no dispute about tastes, but it is natural that most people like soft options for every day. How to decide what to try? Look at the waters used for table setting in Italian restaurants.


Anthony Majanlahti/Flickr.com

They are selected taking into account that the drink complements the dinner, and does not interrupt the food with its taste. Italians know a lot about good food, and their opinion is worth listening to.

Brand

Someone believes that a well-known brand always guarantees quality, someone, on the contrary, refuses the products of well-known companies, because they are afraid to overpay a pretty penny.

Mineral water (if it is real) is the product, when buying which you need to pay attention to the brand.

Since quality and composition are determined primarily by the source, a good brand reflects the name of the place where the water is produced.

Let's go back to the example of San Benedetto. Water is taken from one artesian source, which is located in northern Italy in the Dolomites, famous for its resorts. Its volume allows you to deliver products far beyond the borders of the country. Since it is necessary to comply with international quality standards, water undergoes up to 800 (!) checks per day in production.

Package

Since mineral water is extracted from natural sources, special attention must be paid to packaging so that it can preserve the composition and properties of water. This means that the bottles must be made of either glass or high quality plastic. In addition, you should pay attention to the form, depending on why you buy mineral water. It is better to put glass on the table, and take a bottle with a convenient sports neck for training. Give preference to water that is poured into several types of containers at once.

Where does mineral water come from
Mineral waters are waters used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, which include biologically active mineral components. Mineral waters are usually extracted from underground water sources. In this case they are called natural mineral waters. Currently, artificial mineral waters are also produced.

Origin of natural mineral waters

Aquifers are formed in the thickness of the earth's crust. Water enters them either along with precipitation, or is filtered from sea water, or is formed by combining hydrogen and oxygen from magma. By origin, such waters are called filtration, infiltration and deep waters, respectively.

Mining

Mineral waters often come to the surface of the earth in the form of springs or springs. In the place where the water comes out, a special well is arranged - capturing. Its elevated part is called the pump room. A pavilion is built over it. If the water does not come to the surface of the earth, then a well is drilled. Not only businessmen or Forex traders, but also less wealthy people often visit resorts with mineral springs, such as Truskovets, Kislovodsk, Karlovy Vary and others.

Characteristics of mineral waters

Mineral waters are very diverse in composition and physical properties. Therefore, the following characteristics are used to classify them:

1. General mineralization. The concentration of all ions, expressed in grams per litre.

According to the total mineralization, mineral waters are divided into:

Water of weak mineralization - up to 2 g/l;
water of low mineralization - 2-5 g / l;
water of medium mineralization - 5-15 g / l;
high mineralization water - 15-35 g / l;
brines - 35-150 g/l;
strong brines - more than 150 g / l.

Inside, usually water of low and medium mineralization is prescribed. They are also sold in bottled form. Waters of high mineralization have a laxative effect. Pickles are diluted with ordinary fresh water before ingestion. As an external agent, waters of various salinity are used.

2. Ionic composition. The ratio of biologically active ions in water.

The most common mineral water ions are sodium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine, bicarbonate and sulfate ions. The concentration of ions is denoted as equivalent-percent (eq%), that is, as a percentage of the equivalent mass of an ion in the sum of the equivalent masses of all ions. The name of water is formed from the names of the main ions contained in it, if their concentration is above 20 eq.%. In addition, other biologically active components may also be included in the composition of water in small quantities: iodine, bromine, fluorine, iron, manganese, organic substances, radioactive substances, etc.

3. Gas composition. The content of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen in water is of the greatest importance.

4. Active reaction. Hydrogen index or acidity.

Distinguish water:

Strongly acidic - pH less than 3.5;
acidic - pH 3.5-7.2;
slightly alkaline - pH 7.2-8.5;
alkaline - pH greater than 8.5.

5. Water temperature.

Water is classified according to temperature:

Cold - up to 20 degrees Celsius;
warm or low thermal - 21-35 degrees;
hot or thermal - 36-42 degrees;
very hot or high-thermal - above 42 degrees.

Thus, the full name of mineral water may look like this:

Essentuki No. 17 - carbonate water of medium mineralization, hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium, slightly acidic, cold.

Depending on the nature of the chemical composition, nine balneological groups of mineral waters are distinguished:

I. Mineral waters, the effect of which is determined by mineralization and ionic composition.
II. carbonic waters.
III. Hydrogen sulfide waters.
IV. Ferrous waters.
V. Bromine, iodine and iodine-bromine waters.
VI. Siliceous thermal waters.
VII. Arsenic-containing waters.
VIII. Radon or radioactive water.
IX. Boron-containing waters.

Application of mineral waters

Artificial mineral waters are prescribed as an external remedy. Only natural water is used inside.

Options for external use of mineral waters:

Mineral baths;
therapeutic pools;
souls;
underwater traction;
dousing.

You can also rinse your mouth or throat with mineral water, use microclysters with mineral water, do inhalations, etc.

Bottled mineral water

Bottled mineral waters are used for drinking. They are divided into three groups: medical, medical-dining and dining.

Medicinal mineral waters include waters with a mineralization of 8-12 g/l or other mineralization values, if they contain trace elements and organic substances in high concentrations. You can take such water only under the supervision of a doctor. Understanding the types of mineral waters is as important for a modern person as knowing what Forex or a mobile phone is. This will help restore lost health, cope with chronic diseases and organize good nutrition.

Therapeutic table waters have a mineralization of 2-8 g/l. They can be taken as prescribed by a doctor as medicinal waters, as well as on their own, if this is done infrequently.

Table water mineralization is below 2 g/l. They do not contain active ingredients.

During bottling, mineral waters are saturated with carbon dioxide. This is done so that air does not penetrate into the bottles, which can change the physico-chemical properties of water. Mineral water must be bottled in yellow or green glass bottles and must be transparent, colorless, without foreign inclusions. Only a small sediment of mineral salts is allowed.

If you store water in a bottle at a temperature of -4 to +14 degrees in a dark place, then its beneficial qualities will be preserved. Shelf life is usually one year.

For treatment, mineral water must be taken in a certain way. When prescribing mineral water, the doctor is obliged to give specific recommendations for admission. Understanding the types of mineral waters is as important for a modern person as knowing what Forex or a mobile phone is. This will help restore lost health, cope with chronic diseases and organize good nutrition.

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