Large harvest of mushrooms and signs. Popular beliefs about mushrooms Folk signs of a large harvest of mushrooms

“So that there is no war!” - one of the main toasts at any feast in not so long ago, when the memory of the Great Patriotic War was still fresh. Surprisingly, when trying to predict whether there will be a war or not, people still listen sensitively to rumors. Because there are time-tested signs that may indicate upcoming difficult trials.

While licking your lips at the “world snack” laid out on a plate - freshly pickled honey mushrooms, do not forget to make the first toast to the fact that there will be no war. After all, a frighteningly large harvest of mushrooms, if you believe popular rumor, is sure to lead to a sudden outbreak of large-scale bloodshed.

The very first thing a pregnant woman doubts is whether or not to communicate her joy to others. Many peoples of the world have various rituals hiding information from evil spirits. In Rus', when pregnancy became obvious, a woman changed into her husband’s clothes. And in Africa, amulets are painted on the stomach.

The sign is ancient, it lives from those times when internecine conflicts were commonplace and happened much more often than mushroom summers. And if in some area there actually were even a sideways growth of mushrooms, people were sure that trouble would certainly come to them. Since pagan times, the observant Russian people have been repelled by coincidences, often fatal. When a significant event was linked to a natural phenomenon, a belief was formed. Sometimes, however, it is too outlandish. For example, just before the abolition of serfdom in several Russian provinces, poultry was attacked by pestilence. Peasant political science minds retroactively linked the great reform that followed with a local disaster. However, then for half a century there was no sign of any fateful innovations, and chickens still shed their hooves en masse from time to time.

But military signs are a special set of beliefs. Mushrooms are the most common of them, kind of related to demographics. It is believed that in a year when many more boys are born than girls, war will certainly happen. Because the Almighty (or the Mother of God?) took care in advance to make up for the future losses among the male population.

Not long ago, one of the journalists discovered the work of S.A., published in 1946. Novoselsky “The influence of war on the sex composition of children born” in the collection of works “Issues of maternal and childhood protection” of the Department of Health Organization of the Leningrad Pediatric Institute. Based on data on fertility in England, France, Germany and individual cities of Russia in the period from 1908 to 1925 (before the start of the First World War, during its course and several years later), the author came to the conclusion: at the end of the war, boys in countries The participants actually had more births, but only slightly. And immediately before it began, the indicators were normal, as in any other peaceful year.

The same goes for mushrooms: there were two mushroom years in a row before Germany’s attack on the Soviet Union, and even earlier - on the eve of the Russo-Japanese War. However, according to sources, the weather was appropriate - rainy, but not “rotten”.

In general, if we take the last one world war, the fatal year 1941 for us had almost no foreshadowing of the impending storm. True, in the west of the country, in Belarus, in June there were prolonged flashes in the sky, which the local residents interpreted unequivocally: war was coming. Moreover, the moon often appeared crimson-red, as if indicating great blood. But across the border was Poland, already occupied by the Germans, and, therefore, some anxiety was present.

To be fair, we note that on the eve of the German invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, people in Belarusian villages were constantly talking about an imminent war. Precisely based on well-known signs. Thus, a cobweb covering a well was considered a sure sign of future hardships. Either the spiders, starving, spread their webs wider, or the people, gripped by a premonition of a common misfortune, took note of everything that confirmed their fears, but it turned out that the rumors were literally drawn from a well.

The stoves did not heat well - the wood was damp almost everywhere. The bread often turned out sour. The milk, on the contrary, tasted bitter that summer, although the grass where the cows grazed was the same as last year. The people, as they say, were confused, and anxious expectations grew. And the animals in the forests behaved more brazenly than usual, approaching human habitation not only at night, but also during daylight hours. It was as if it sensed the future feast of death and impatiently hurried to take its place. Crows were circling in clouds over the villages, as if over cemeteries. In addition, wolves winter nights howled stronger than ever, and, as the hunters noticed, they trampled “hungry paths” towards the West - where, if we remember the old beliefs, death and profit would come to the joy of predators. Well, and mushrooms - they really were visible and invisible...

By the way, there is an opinion that the common mushroom sign is actually not direct, but a “side” one. They say that a good harvest of mushrooms, as has long been noted, is usually accompanied by a rich harvest of grain, and this has long been considered an almost proven sign of an imminent war. But in both 1939 and 1940, the last peaceful year for us, bread, as luck would have it, grew moderately. Therefore, far from the western borders, the people were silent: no rumors, no signs...

For example, everyone knows the most common superstition: empty bottles be sure to clear the table away. They say they are going to the dead man. In fact, the emptied dishes, the keepers of traditions will tell you, should not be placed under the table, but should be left, but be sure to lay them horizontally. To the perplexed “why?” will answer with the confidence of experts from “What? Where? When?”: in the old days, bottles were flat, so each vessel overturned on the table meant that today the deceased would not be among the drinkers - look how much they drank to their health!

True, in some places phenomena of a different order were observed. What people call signs. These are “one-off” phenomena, in contrast to signs that have been “tested” for centuries. Let's say, “crying” icons. On the eve of the Great Patriotic War, icons of the Mother of God in a number of churches throughout Soviet Union suddenly they began to cry together. The priests, knowing the attitude of the authorities towards church miracles, asked parishioners not to talk about them, but can you hide an awl in a bag? Often it was necessary to officially disavow the rumors disturbing the Orthodox: they say, these are fictions, the temple is working as usual. In addition, the abbots themselves did not know how to interpret these signs. After all, it is unknown what events need to be linked to them: local or on a global scale. Although there is an old belief and is widely known: the Mother of God cries - this brings tears to the people.

Icons here and there “cry” and renew themselves to this day, but serious disasters, fortunately, occur much less frequently. But there is one sign that directly concerns the church: when there are more and more military people among those praying in the church, war is inevitable. But before the first Chechen war in Orthodox churches North Caucasus there was literally no crowd. Did the sign work? Hardly. The region smelled of gunpowder for several years, and people prayed for peaceful resolution Caucasian problems.

And yet, sometimes something completely mysterious happened. In 1914, before the First World War, the monks of the Valaam Monastery saw an unidentified flying object in the sky, which they unambiguously interpreted as a military sign - and they were not mistaken. They simply didn’t know about “flying saucers” back then. The flying object in the shape of a cross was also observed by residents of Vladivostok with a mixture of horror and amazement - a few days before the start of the anti-Japanese military operation in 1945.

In general, experts assure folk customs and beliefs, one can believe in omens only when they are observed in the aggregate. If, say, the demographic imbalance is complemented by queues that appear out of nowhere in stores, a mass flight of cockroaches from homes, long unusual phenomena in an atmosphere like a rain of falling stars or bloody sunsets, then yes, by all indications there must be a war. True, it is not at all necessary that it will happen. Political scientists who are always mistaken still inspire more trust today than popular superstitions.

Although there is one undeniable sign that has been confirmed more than once. A few years before the start of large-scale wars, there was a major breakthrough in science and culture. In Russia on the eve of 1914, a constellation of talents shone, industry developed, and epoch-making discoveries were made. Even before World War II, scientific and technological progress was progressing by leaps and bounds, and military actions only spurred it on. Now in our science, alas, the former breakthrough is long gone. The culture is rather bad, literature and cinema are stagnant... So, by all indications, you can live peacefully for more than one more year?

Pah-pah!

Many signs come from man’s careful observations of the world around him. Events occurring in nature aroused increased interest among people in ancient times. After all natural phenomena were beyond the control of man, but he, on the contrary, largely depended on the weather, the world of plants and animals.

In this topic:

The forest gave people food, fuel, medicine, and other elements important for survival. Therefore, everything related to forest resources aroused genuine interest. A lot of porcini mushrooms were born, wild raspberries pleased us with a bountiful harvest - all this was significant for people in the past. Many superstitions have survived to this day.

Mushroom year: meaning

Ancient signs in mushroom year They promise a lot of death. There has been a saying for centuries: “Many mushrooms - many coffins.” In most cases, this abundance of coffins is associated only with human losses in war. The foundations of this point of view were clearly confirmed during the Great Patriotic War. On the eve of the disaster there were a lot of porcini mushrooms. They were found in abundance in the summer of 1940 and even in the spring of 1941.

Such a large harvest alerted only the old-timers, who saw signs of impending disaster. Ignoring folk wisdom We rejoiced at the opportunity to diversify our table with delicious dishes. As a result, almost every family in the country suffered; people died at the front, in captivity, and in the rear. The size of the tragedy is such that there is no need to talk about a large number of coffins. Most were buried without them at all, and many were not even buried in their own grave. After all, mass graves became the norm in those terrible years.

But in post-war years It was noted that many porcini mushrooms grow on the sites of trenches dug during the war. It has become a hallmark of search engines to find a place where porcini mushrooms grow in abundance and conduct excavations there. In most cases, it was there that the remains of dead soldiers were discovered.

But such folk signs of experienced mushroom pickers cause bewilderment among botanists. Scientists believe that a good mushroom harvest occurs once every 3–4 years. And it is possible if the day before there was a warm, humid autumn. If the weather is bad and frost sets in early, don’t expect a mushroom summer next year.

There are other signs about mushrooms. The abundance of boletus mushrooms is considered a harbinger of a good grain harvest. Since in the past a good harvest of bread became the key to prosperity in the house, a bountiful mushroom harvest was perceived as a harbinger of wealth. The sign of wealth, a lot of mushrooms on the wall of a residential building, is considered a 100% sign of financial enrichment that will come in the near future. Moreover, enrichment will come unexpectedly, just as mushrooms unexpectedly grew in a place not unusual for this.

Mushroom harvest in a leap year

A leap year, according to legend, brings many unpleasant surprises. Healers do not advise taking anything from the earth this year. Folk superstitions give this time the ability to send evil through the earth. Therefore, in the forest, everything that is closer to the ground is saturated with negativity, which can transfer to a person.

As a result, you can attract troubles, misfortunes into your family, and deprive your loved ones of health. There is a scientific explanation for these beliefs. Once every 4 years, the mycelium is reborn, and everything that it produces contains many harmful substances, even poisonous ones. So the mushrooms are in leap year can actually cause harm to health.

Signs for finding boletus mushrooms

To find very valuable mushrooms in the forest, folk beliefs advise looking for fly agarics and ferns. It has been noted that where there are fly agarics, boletus mushrooms can be collected. This sign has a scientific basis. The growing conditions of these 2 species are similar. It’s just that the fly agaric is visible from afar, and the boletus is hiding. But with russula, boletus mushrooms have different principles of proximity.

Popular beliefs they claim that russulas that appear earlier than white ones portend a bad harvest. Very dense ferns also show where boletus can be collected. It is also common for mushroom pickers to focus on swarming midges. When she becomes annoying and crawls towards a person, the optimal time has come to collect boletus mushrooms.

If jasmine grows in the forest, its flowering will be a signal to mushroom pickers that it is already possible to collect porcini mushrooms.

Another important sign for mushroom pickers about porcini mushrooms is mold that has appeared on the path. This happens only after rains, of which there were a lot this year. But a hot, dry summer will make the harvest meager. It is believed that one can count on fruitful quiet hunting only during the period of summer fogs. Ends mushroom season when leaf fall begins. Falling leaves in the forest say that you need to collect the last mushrooms this year, there will be no more of them. If mushroom pickers are pleased with their finds at the end of autumn, it means that winter will come late. There are special folk tips that will help mushroom pickers bring very rich loot:

do not walk in the forest without shoes;
put several different blades of grass in your pocket;
hide small branches of 3 different trees in a scarf or hat.

Mushroom hunting rules

Experienced mushroom pickers advise: “If you find a white one, stop.” This rule for collecting boletus can be extended to other representatives of this kingdom. If one fungus is found, you need to stop and look around very carefully, examine everything, study it. Surely you can find a second, a third nearby... The structural features of the root system - the mycelium - lead to the fact that mushrooms grow large families. Moreover, young specimens grow away from those that appeared first.

As a result, a circle is formed, which people call the witch circle. It is expanding from year to year. By its size you can judge how ancient this mycelium is. The witches' circle has given rise to many superstitions. The Slavs thought that such rings appeared where witches danced in circles. In Europe, the appearance of mushroom circles was explained by the peculiarities of the life of dancing gnomes. There is a belief that they danced not just in a circle, but around a buried treasure. Another name for the witch's circle is the ring of elves, the circle of fairies, the witch's ring.

In Germany such natural feature correlated with the place of the witches' Sabbath. In these circles, dried grass was considered the result of dances of mystical creatures who did not just trample with their feet green cover, but they also burned it out. Scientists explain the drying of the grass by the action of the mycelium, which absorbs all moisture and nutrients, as a result of which there is nothing left for the grass and it dies.

Places of growth

Everyone knows that the mushroom harvest must be looked for in the forest. Growing champignons and some other species on an industrial scale will no longer surprise anyone. But sometimes you can find them in a flower pot. This happens when the purchased soil contained fragments of mycelium, and the owners took too much care of the flower and watered it a lot. Such an event does not foretell anything terrible, but it will be difficult to get rid of an unwanted neighborhood. If the fungus has grown, then there will be others. You can try changing the soil, using phytosporin.

There are signs about mushrooms growing on the grave. This happens quite often. Many have seen that in cemeteries, graves can be literally completely covered with champignons, russula, and cowsheds. But you can’t take them there, although the abundance of boletus or pigweed can be tempting. The consequences of such a gathering will be the saddest. The peace of the dead must not be disturbed. You can bring the dead ones home with the collected boletus mushrooms. Then an atmosphere of death will settle in the house. You can't take anything out of the cemetery at all.

Even the smallest fragment of earth from a cemetery that finds its way into a house means a grave has been brought into the home. Everything related to the cemetery belongs to the dead, who will never just give anything away. This superstition also has a logical explanation. Fungi accumulate all the harmful substances that exist in the place where they grow. And the soil around the graves contains a lot of corpse poison.

Finding mushrooms in a dream often portends prosperity. Finding white ones means prosperity. Morels - to good health. With red hats - good luck. Only with black hats - to sadness.

Conclusion

All popular superstitions arose as a result of long-term observations of the world and the identification of the interdependence of everything that happens.

Therefore, no matter how indifferent a person is to superstitions, he is unlikely to agree to eat mushrooms collected at a grave. But no one will refuse to use signs that will help you find boletus mushrooms in the forest.

Folk signs about mushrooms and their relevance. How do long-term signs differ from short-term signs? Signs about mushrooms - a folk encyclopedia.

Mushrooms have long been considered our main treat. Our ancestors approached mushroom picking not as entertainment, but as a serious matter. The lucky and most observant mushroom pickers noticed the connection between the winter weather and the mushroom harvest and remembered the sequence of appearance of the mushroom layers.

These observations were embodied in signs about mushrooms. The accumulated experience tells amateurs quiet hunt when and what mushrooms appear in the forest, when there is no point in looking for mushrooms.

Long-term forecast about the future mushroom harvest

For a long time, our ancestors associated the future harvest with various Christian holidays. And the signs accurately predicted the future mushroom harvest. The emergence of huge artificial reservoirs, mass felling forests and the construction of huge factories and chemical plants changed the climate not in better side, and predictions of the future harvest are gradually losing their relevance. What harm does the dispersion of clouds over cities during the holidays cause to nature? They try not to talk about it.

You can check how long-term signs work in your area.

Signs by month

Snezhnaya, harsh winter– a sign of a good mushroom harvest.
If there is little snow on tree branches all winter, then you should not hope for a bountiful mushroom harvest.
Frosty January is a sign of a dry July; the first mushrooms will appear in the fall.
Snowy January is a sign of mushroom summer.
March rain heralds a mushroom summer.
Frequent March fogs mean mushroom summer.
Wet April is a harbinger of a bountiful summer mushroom harvest.
Abundant secretion of birch sap foreshadows a mushroom summer.
There are a lot of midges in June - a lot of mushrooms are expected.

Signs by day

April 7. If on Annunciation it's raining, then a mushroom summer is ahead. Frost on this day means a rich harvest of milk mushrooms.

June 24. Morning mist on the water surface is a sign of a glorious mushroom harvest.

September 7. In the old days they said that if leaf fall begins on September 7, then the deadline for mushrooms has come. Mushrooms stop growing. Now this sign does not work. Sometimes the first mushrooms appear in early September.

Short term signs

All short-term signs have not lost their relevance in our time. Tested many times.

Where to collect

In hot weather, mushrooms hide under trees, in damp weather - in forest edges and clearings.
Where there are oak trees, there you should look for mushrooms.
Look for boletuses in the fern thickets.
Where there is one oiler, look for others.
Morels grow in old fires.
Saffron milk caps hide under pines and spruces, firs and cedars.

Appearance time

Three weeks after morels, it’s time for boletus mushrooms.

The heather has bloomed - the time for saffron milk caps is coming.

When saffron milk caps appear, the time for autumn honey mushrooms is coming.

Fly agarics appeared - a sign of the appearance of porcini mushrooms.

If the mushroom appears before the saffron milk cap, then the mushroom season ends.

The pine blossomed and boletus appeared.

The rye is heading - the time has come for boletus mushrooms. The rye is ripe - it’s time for the second layer of boletus.

The strawberries and blueberries are ripe - it’s time for the second layer of porcini mushrooms. Russulas appear. You can expect the appearance of saffron milk caps in three weeks.

Down flies from the aspen - the appearance of boletuses.

The first waves are a signal of the imminent appearance of milk mushrooms.

Summer fogs are a sign of mushroom abundance.

Russulas appeared earlier than porcini mushrooms - for the lean mushroom season.

The more rain, the more milk mushrooms.

The mountain ash has bloomed, in a week expect the first boletuses.

The beginning of leaf fall is the appearance of the last layer of mushrooms.

Late appearance of mushrooms means a long autumn.

People have learned to collect mushrooms since time immemorial. Since then it has been useful and exciting activity has acquired dozens of beliefs, signs and folk tricks. They still help many mushroom pickers figure out when and what mushrooms they should go into the forest for, and when there is no point in this trip.

At the same time, since our ancestors were religious people and revered folk traditions, many folk mushroom signs associated with certain Christian or national holidays. Let's look at the most popular and effective of them.

6th January. This day marks Christmas Eve. The sign says that if stars are shining on the road on the night before Christmas, berries and mushrooms will grow in large quantities.
May 21st. This is Midsummer's Day, or the Day of Ivan the Theologian. It is believed that if it rains on this day, the mushrooms will begin to grow almost like shelves.
June 11. As is known, overwhelmingly most of Our ancestors were engaged in agriculture and livestock husbandry, which is why a folk sign appeared associated with the date of June 11 - the holiday of Fedosya the Kosnitsa. If the rye is heading well on this day, then there will be a lot of mushrooms.
June 16. This is the day of Lukyan the Windy. If it rains all day on June 16th, then, as the villagers believed, the mushroom harvest will be glorious this year.
July 7. This holiday is known, perhaps, not only to old-timers: Ivan Kupala is still celebrated in many Slavic cities. If the night during Kupala is starry, then the next morning a large number of mushrooms will begin to appear in the forest. Another forest omen is associated with this day: if a thunderstorm begins on the afternoon of July 7, then very few nuts will be produced this year, and even those will be empty.
September 7. Our ancestors believed that if on this day the autumn leaf fall, the deadline for collecting late mushrooms, colloquially called “deciduous mushrooms,” will come. There won't be any more mushrooms growing this year.
8 September. This day is called Natalia fescue and is considered the best autumn day for going to the forest to pick mushrooms.

In addition to these folk signs tied to specific dates, there are many other beliefs that often turn out to be objective. We should not neglect them, since these signs are not the result of unfounded imagination, but the result of many years of serious observations, during which our ancestors were able to identify some natural patterns.

So, for example, one of the folk signs says that rain on the Annunciation indicates the impending rapid growth of mushrooms, a thunderstorm indicates a rich harvest of nuts and a hot summer, and frost indicates a harvest of milk mushrooms.
Rainy April is considered a harbinger of mushroom summer.
Our ancestors considered the rapid growth of morels to be proof that they would reap a good harvest of buckwheat and millet.
And the boletus harvest, according to the sign, should be expected exactly three weeks after unusual-looking mushrooms begin to appear in the forest.
Frequent rains in July are considered a sign of a good mushroom harvest in the following months.
If mold appears on last year’s leaves remaining in the forest, the season will be fruitful for saffron milk caps.
Our ancestors also knew that the absence large quantity mushrooms combined with a good harvest of nuts is a warning of a harsh and snowy winter.
If January turns out to be cold, then July will most likely be very warm and dry, and you will have to wait until autumn for mushrooms.
Villagers considered the crackling of dried boletus mushrooms to be evidence of the first news of the approaching winter - frost in the field.
It is also believed that if there is little snow on tree branches during the winter, there will be no good harvest of berries or mushrooms in summer and autumn.
If the snow has melted in some place and mold has appeared, then it is in this place that many mushrooms will soon appear. This sign is very justified: mold from under the snow appears where mycelium (or mycelium) cells are present, which are extremely thin intertwined threads. It is the mycelium that forms the vegetative body of the fungus.
During the waxing moon, our ancestors were in a hurry to go pick mushrooms, but during the waning moon they preferred to sit at home.
In the heat and wind, they looked for mushrooms under the trees, and in damp, windy weather - in the clearings.
If it rains in the evening, then in the morning, as popular belief says, you should expect a large number of mushrooms.
The more rain there is during the spring-summer season, the more milk mushrooms there should be. Moreover, they will appear soon after the first waves appear in the forest.
The first summer fog is the first signal of the arrival of mushroom season. The steamy fog formed over the forest is also considered evidence of the mushroom harvest.
Farmers considered heavy morning dew a harbinger of fertility, and the frequent appearance of fogs as evidence of a good mushroom harvest.
After the pine tree blooms, it’s time to go in search of a grainy oiler.
If in the summer there are a lot of midges flying in the air, then you can safely go mushroom hunting.
After the rye has begun to sprout, the first mass accumulations of boletus and porcini mushrooms should appear in forests and groves. And after the first fluff flies from the aspen, boletuses will begin to grow.
Porcini mushrooms, according to the deep conviction of our ancestors, grow not far from red fly agaric mushrooms.
They also believed that looking for boletus mushrooms after the hot June was a waste of time.
There must be others located next to one oiler.
The second harvest of boletus will begin when the rye ripens.

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