The night of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad. Muslim shrines: Prophet's Mosque in Medina (Masjid an-Nabi)

According to a survey conducted on the site, 25% of site visitors do not know the life story of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and do not know on what day he was born. In addition, more than 30% believe that it is even better not to know about the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), much less not to celebrate it. Massive illiteracy, unfortunately, is characteristic of many modern Muslims in Russia

To fill the gap in knowledge, we decided to publish 21 irrefutable details of the celebration of Mawlid al-Nabi, this work was written by the descendant of the Prophet (peace be upon him) - Muhammad bin Alawi, who is not indifferent to the “gaflyat” (carelessness) in which Muslims find themselves.

THE FIRST IRREGULAR ARGUMENT

Celebrating the pious Mawlid of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is an expression of one’s joy at the coming of the Chosen One of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) into the world, and even a non-believer benefits from such joy.

In the ninth argument we will explain this issue a little more, because the basis of the argument is the same, even if the way of presenting the evidence is different, we used this method in this study in order to avoid repetition.

In the collection of hadiths of Imam al-Bukhari, there is a saying about how Abu Lahab is relieved of the torments of hell every Monday because he freed his maid Suwaiba when she conveyed to him the good news of the birth of the Chosen One of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).

On this occasion, al-Hafiz Shamsuddin Muhammad ibn Nasruddin ad-Dimashki said: “Even if this infidel, defamed, condemned in the Koran with the words: “may his hands wither!”, who is promised eternal punishment in Hell, the punishment is eased every Monday only for that that he rejoiced at the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). In this case, what should be the state of the servant of Allah, who all his life rejoiced at the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and died in monotheism?

This story, given by Imam al-Bukhari in his collection “Sahih”, in the chapter telling about marriage, is mursal, and it was also cited by al-Hafiz ibn Hajar in the book “Fathu al-Bariy”, it was also narrated by Imam Abdurrazzaq as- Sanani in “Al-Musannafu”, al-Hafiz al-Bayhaki in the book “Ad-Dalailu”, Ibn Kathir in the biography of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the book “Al-Bidayah wa an-nihaya”, Muhammad ibn Umar Bahrak in the book “Hadaiku al-Anvari”, al-Hafiz al-Bagawiy in the book “Sharhu al-Sunnah”, Ibn Hisham and as-Suhailiy in the book “Ar-Rawdu al-unufi”, al-'Amiri in the book “Bahjatu al- mahafili." Even if this story is a mursal, it is still accepted, taken as a basis, because it was brought by al-Bukhari, the scholars and theologians from among the Hufaz rely on him, and due to the fact that this hadith speaks only about virtues (manaqib ) and features (hasais), and not about what is permitted (halal) and forbidden (haram). And students of Shariah sciences are well aware of the difference between citing a hadith regarding meritorious qualities (manaqib) and Shariah conclusions (ahkam) as an argument. As for the question of bringing benefit to the infidels through their good deeds, there are differences of interpretation among theological scholars, and this work It is not our purpose to discuss it in detail. The basis for this issue is the message given in the book “Sahih” - about relief for Abu Talib at the request of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).

SECOND Irrefutable Argument

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself also magnified the day of his birth, expressing gratitude to Allah Almighty for His greatest blessing with which He bestowed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), for the fact that He showed him mercy - created him and bestowed him a worldly life, because thanks to the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), all things rejoiced and found happiness. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) expressed this exaltation by observing fasting, as stated in the following hadith transmitted by Muslim from Abu Qatada:

في الحديث عن أبي قتادة : أن رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم سُئل عن صيام يوم الاثنين، فقال : فيه وُلدتُ وفيه أُنزل عليَّ. (رواه الإمام مسلم في الصحيح في كتاب الصيام)

When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about fasting on Monday, he replied: “On this day I was born, and on it the Revelation was revealed to me.” These words of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) imply that the day on which he was born, that is, Monday, can be celebrated, but the methods of celebrating it are different. They indicate the legitimacy of its celebration, regardless of whether it is celebrated by fasting or treating people to food, by gathering them to remember or bless the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), or by listening to stories about his finest moral qualities, perfections and virtues, etc. .

THE THIRD Irrefutable Argument

Expressing joy on the occasion of the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is required according to the following words of Allah Almighty:

قُلْ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَبِرَحْمَتِهِ فَبِذَلِكَ فَلْيَفْرَحُواْ (يونس 58)

Meaning: “Let them express joy in honor of the goodness and mercy of Allah Almighty to you” (Surah 10 “Yunus”, verse 58). Allah Almighty commanded us to rejoice in mercy, and the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the greatest mercy, for the Creator said:

الأنبياء 107)

Meaning: “We sent you only as a mercy for all the worlds” (Surah 21 “Al-Anbiya”, verse 107).

THE FOURTH IRREGULAR ARGUMENT

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not ignore even long-past important religious events, and each time the time came when such events occurred, this served as a good opportunity to recall them and glorify these days.

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) personally established this rule, as stated in an authentic hadith:

لما وصل المدينة ورأى اليهود يصومون يوم عاشوراء سأل عن ذلك فقيل له : إنهم يصومون لأن الله نجّى نبيهم وأغرق عدوهم فهم يصومونه شكرا لله على هذه النعمة، فقال صلّى الله عليه وسلّم : نحن أولى بموسى منكم، فصامه وأمر بصيامه

“When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived in Medina, he found that the Jews were fasting on the day of ‘Ashura. He asked them about the reason for this fast and they replied that it was the day on which Allah Almighty drowned Pharaoh and saved their prophet Musa (peace be upon him), and they fasted it as a sign of gratitude to Allah Almighty for this boon. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “We are closer to Musa (peace be upon him), we have more rights to him than you.” From that day on, he also began to glorify the day of ‘Ashura by fasting and ordered Muslims to fast on this day.

THE FIFTH Irrefutable Argument

The pious mawlid encourages Muslims to invoke blessing (salawat) and salutation (salaam) on the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), which are also required, according to the words of the Almighty:

Meaning: “Truly, Allah Almighty and His angels bless the Prophet! O you who believe, you also bless him and greet him diligently!” (Sura 33 Al-Ahzab, verse 56).

And those actions that encourage us to fulfill what is obligatory according to Shariah are themselves also obligatory according to Shariah. How much benefit and help lies in the blessings of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), because they are virtually impossible to count or describe with a pen!

THE SIXTH Irrefutable Argument

The pious Mawlid includes the remembrance of the birth of the noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), his miracles (mu'jizat), his biography and introduction to him. But aren’t we commanded to recognize the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and aren’t we required to follow him, imitate, take his deeds as a model, believe in his miracles and recognize his signs?! Books dedicated to mawlids fully meet these goals and requirements.

THE SEVENTH IRRESTUTABLE ARGUMENT

Receiving reward by fulfilling at least a share of the duty that we are obliged to fulfill to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), explaining his most perfect qualities and commendable good morals. During the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), poets came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and recited their panegyrics dedicated to him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) approved of them and was pleased with their actions, he rewarded them with some pleasant thing, goodness and performing a good prayer for them. If the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was pleased with those who praised him, then how will he be dissatisfied with those who collected his highest virtues, while this involves approaching him by evoking his love and contentment?!

THE EIGHTH Irrefutable Argument

Knowledge of the perfections and miracles of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entails the improvement of faith in him, increases and strengthens love for him. After all, man by nature was created to love the beautiful, the wonderful, and truly, there is nothing more beautiful, more perfect and worthy than the moral qualities of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), his perfections and virtues. Strengthening love for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and improving faith in him is obligatory according to Sharia, and what contributes to this is also obligatory.

THE NINTH Irrefutable Argument

The exaltation of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has a legal basis in Sharia. And the expression of joy on the day of his noble birth, the arrangement of refreshments, the gathering of people to remember the Almighty, the provision of honor and support to the poor and needy are among the greatest manifestations of exaltation, joy and gratitude to Allah Almighty for what He, through the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), directed us on the path of His true religion, blessed us by sending us the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in the best possible way!

THE TENTH Irrefutable Argument

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said the following about the virtues and characteristics of Friday:

وَفِيهِ خُلِقَ آدَمُ

"Adam was created in her." From this it follows that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) honored and exalted the time about which it is reliably known that one of the prophets of Allah was born in it, peace be upon them all. In this case, how necessary is it to honor the day on which the best (peace and blessings be upon him) of all prophets and the most worthy of all messengers was born?!

This exaltation does not apply only to this day, it, in particular, applies to it, and also applies to other similar days and occasions whenever they are repeated, just as in this case it is the case with Friday, when we express gratitude to the Almighty for its benefits, demonstrating the virtues and characteristics of prophecy, reviving serious historical events that are significant in the history of mankind and for the eternal world. Similarly, the exaltation of the place in which the prophet was born is taken from the incident when Jibril (peace be upon him) ordered the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) to perform two rak'ahs of prayer in Bethlehem (Bayt al-Lahm) and then asked him:

أتدري أين صلّيت ؟ قال: لا، قال: صلّيتَ ببيت لحم حيث وُلد عيسى (رواه البزّار وأبو يعلى والطبراني)

“Do you know where you prayed?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: “No.” Jibril (peace be upon him) continued: “You prayed in Bethlehem, where the prophet ‘Isa (peace be upon him) was born.” This is narrated in the hadith from Shaddad bin Aws, transmitted by al-Bazzar, Abu Ya'la and at-Tabarani. Al-Hafiz al-Haysamiy in the book “Mujma' az-Zawaidi” said that the hadith is authentic. This hadith was also cited by al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar in the book “Fathu al-Bariy”.

ELEVENTH Irrefutable Argument

Mawlid is an action that has received approval from theological scholars and Muslims in all countries, it is celebrated in every corner of the earth, and this is obligatory according to Sharia, according to the rule taken from the hadith narrated by Ibn Mas'ud:

ما رآه المسلمون حسناً فهو عند الله حسن، وما رآه المسلمون قبيحاً فهو عند الله قبيح (أخرجه أحمد)

“What Muslims consider good is good before Allah, and what Muslims consider vile, unworthy, is vile before Allah.” The hadith was narrated by Imam Ahmad.

Twelfth Irrefutable Argument

Mawlid includes the gathering of people, the remembrance of the Almighty, the distribution of voluntary donations, the praise and exaltation of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and all this is sunnah (desirable). All these actions, according to Sharia, are also required of us, they are praised. Reliable traditions speak in favor of this position, prompting us to do this.

THE THIRTEENTH Irrefutable Argument

The Supreme Creator also said:

وَكُـلاًّ نَّقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنبَاء الرُّسُلِ مَا نُثَبِّتُ بِهِ فُؤَادَكَ (هود 120)

Meaning: “O Prophet! I tell you episodes from the life of the messengers, from which your faith is strengthened” (Surah 11 “Hud”, verse 120). From this it is clear that the wisdom of the fact that Allah Almighty told the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) these episodes from the history of prophets and messengers, peace be upon them, lies in the strengthening of faith in his blessed heart, its improvement. And there is no doubt that today we need to strengthen faith in our hearts by hearing about the life and work of the best of the prophets more than he needed it. Truly, our need for this is great.

FOURTEENTH IRREVENTIVE ARGUMENT

Not everything that our righteous predecessors (salaf salihun) did not do and that did not exist in the initial era of Islam is a blameworthy and bad innovation (bid'a), which is prohibited to do and must be rejected. But it is necessary to compare what has been introduced, what is new, with the arguments of Sharia. That which contains good (maslaha) is necessary (wajib), that which contains forbidden (haram) is accordingly forbidden, and that which includes undesirable (makruh) is undesirable, that which there is what is permitted (mubah), - permitted, that which contains what is approved (mandub), - approved. And for means there are the same Shariah decisions as for ends. Theological scholars have divided innovations into five categories:

1. Necessary innovation: for example, refuting and opposing supporters of errant movements that have deviated from the true path, and studying the grammar of the Arabic language (so as not to make mistakes in reading the Holy Quran and noble hadiths).

2. Approved innovation: for example, building houses for shelter and schools, announcing the call to prayer (adhan) through minarets and performing other good deeds that did not take place in the initial era of Islam.

3. Undesirable innovation: it is like the excessive ornamentation and decoration of mosques and pages of the Holy Qur'an;

4. Permitted innovation: for example, using a sieve (to sift flour), eating a variety of food and drinks;

5. Forbidden innovation: this is something introduced that contradicts the Sunnah, and does not fit into the system of Shariah arguments and does not contain Shariah benefit or benefit.

Fifteenth Irrefutable Argument

Not every innovation is taboo. If this were so, then the collection of the text of the Holy Qur'an by Abu Bakr, Umar and Zayd, may Allah be pleased with them, recording it on sheets for fear of losing its text with the death of the reciters of the Qur'an who knew it by heart, may Allah be pleased with them , would also be forbidden. It would also be forbidden for Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, to gather people behind one imam to perform tarawih prayers in the month of Ramadan, saying at the same time: “What a wonderful innovation this is!” It would be forbidden to write works on all useful branches of knowledge, we would be obliged to make war on the unbelievers with bows and arrows, while they make war on us with firearms, artillery, tanks, aircraft, submarines and navy. It would be prohibited to announce the call to prayer from minarets, or to erect orphanages, schools, hospitals, ambulances, orphanages, or prisons. There is a hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that says:

كلُّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلاَلَةٌ

“Every innovation is a delusion.” Theological scholars classified it as a bad innovation. Such a restriction is given permission by those acts that were introduced by the senior companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and their followers (tabi'uns), but which did not exist at the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). And today we have introduced many things that the righteous predecessors did not do, such as gathering people behind one imam at the end of the night to perform the desired tahajjud prayer after Tarawih, completing the reading of the Qur'an on it, saying a prayer at the end of the reading of the Qur'an, the imam's speech with sermon on the twenty-seventh night in the Tahajjud prayer, the appeal of the caller with the words: (صلاة القيام أثابكم الله) “Get up for the night prayer (wakefulness), may Allah reward you!” Neither the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) nor any of the righteous predecessors did all this, and in this case, would it be a forbidden innovation for us to follow these deeds?!

SIXTEENTH Irrefutable Argument

The celebration of Mawlid, even if it did not exist during the era of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), is an innovation, but a good innovation, for it falls under Sharia arguments and absolute rules. Mawlid is an innovation in terms of the form of its implementation, i.e. a special gathering of people for this, but not from the point of view of it constituent parts, for everything that is performed on Mawlid was also present during the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), as it became known from the indicated twelfth argument in favor of Mawlid.

THE SEVENTEENTH IRRESTUTABLE ARGUMENT

Any act that did not have such a method of implementation as a meeting of people in the initial era of Islam, but whose components were then, according to Sharia, is necessary, because what consists of legal actions is itself also legal. And this is not a secret to anyone.

THE EIGHTEENTH Irrefutable Argument

Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him!) said: “All innovations are divided into two types. The first is innovations that contradict either the Koran, or the Sunnah, or ijma‘ or asar. Such an innovation is a delusion. Second, good innovations that do not contradict any of the above. This innovation is permitted and deserves praise.”

Imam al-‘Izzu ibn ‘Abd al-Salam, an-Nawawi, Ibn Asir also note that innovations are divided into the types that we indicated above.

THE NINETEENTH Irrefutable Argument

Every good deed that is covered by Shariah arguments, the introduction of which is not intended to contradict Shariah, and which does not contain anything blameworthy, relates to religion.

The fanatic’s opinion that the righteous predecessors (salaf salihun) allegedly did not do this is not an argument at all; on the contrary, it is the absence of an argument. And this is no secret for a person studying the science of the foundations of religion (usul). Our legislator - the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) - called innovation leading to the right path sunnah (desirable), and promised a reward for the one who makes it, for it is said in his hadith:

مَنْ سنّ في الإسلام سنة حسنة فعمل بها بعده كُتب له مثل أجر مَن عمل بها ولا ينقص من أجورهم شيء (رواه مسلم)

“Whoever introduces a good tradition into Islam will be rewarded for it, as well as those who followed it, without their reward being diminished.” This is what it says in a hadith narrated by Muslim.

THE TWENTIETH Irrefutable Argument

Honoring the Mawlid of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is a renewal of the memory of the Chosen One of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and this is permitted and legal in Islam. After all, you see that most of the rituals of Hajj are the renewal of significant memories, events and praised places. For example, walking (sa'yu) between the Safa and Marwa hills, throwing pebbles, sacrificing animals in the Mina area - all this is associated with long-past events. And Muslims revive the memory of them, renewing them, performing them in the same way at the present time. And the argument in favor of this is the words of Allah Almighty (addressed to the Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him)):

النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ (الحج 27)

Meaning: “Proclaim among the people that they are obligated to perform the Hajj” (Sura 22 “Al-Hajj”, verse 27), as well as the words of the Almighty given in the story of the prophets Ibrahim and Ismail, peace be upon them:

البقرة 128)

THE TWENTY-FIRST Irrefutable Argument

Twenty-first argument: All the arguments that we mentioned above in favor of the legitimacy of mawlid speak of such a mawlid, devoid of condemnable aspects that must be rejected. If Mawlid covers any of those things that must be rejected, such as mixing men with women, committing sins, excessive waste, with which the owner of Mawlid is dissatisfied, then there is no doubt that it is forbidden and condemned. However, the ban in this case will concern specific negative cases, but will not affect the very essence of mawlid. And this is no secret to anyone who thinks about it.

Meaning: “Teach us the rites of worship (or Hajj)” (Surah 2 “Al-Baqarah”, verse 128).

Celebration Mawlid an-Nabi is an innovation that appeared around the end of the sixth century Hijri. During the life of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), this holiday did not exist. Moreover, he said: “Do not extol me like Christians extol (Isa,) the son of Maryam, for, verily, I am a slave (of Allah), and therefore say: “The servant of Allah and His messenger” (Ahmad 1/ 23, 24, 47 and 55, al-Bukhari 3445). Scholars explain the meaning of this hadith as a prohibition on excess in relation to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), i.e., when people began to attribute to him some of the qualities of dominion (rububiyyah), which indicates the prohibition of excess and the fact that that it leads to polytheism, as happened among Christians in relation to Isa (peace be upon him).

Although this is an innovation, most Muslim scholars do not object to celebrating this day because Muslims love their prophet and everything associated with him. There is a reliable hadith to confirm this: “None of you will believe until he loves me more than he loves his father, and his children, and all people in general” (Muslim 44).

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said the same thing to his companion Umar ibn al-Khattab when Umar said: “O Messenger of Allah! Verily, I love you more than anything else except myself.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I swear by Him in Whose hands my soul is, you will not believe until you love me more than yourself.” ‘Umar said to him: “Verily, I have loved you more than myself.” He said: “Now, ‘Umar!”” (al-Bukhari 11/458).

How Muslims celebrate Mawlid an-Nabi

On the birthday of the Messenger of Allah, Muslims practice collective reading of the Koran, hadith, stories from his life, prepare festive tables. They try to call for more blessings (salawat) on the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), prompted to this by the following hadith: “On the Day of Judgment, the closest person to me will be the one who pronounced salawat and salaam to me the most” (Tirmidhi, Witr, 21).

Mawlid al-Nabi is an occasion to express deep respect, gratitude and love for the one who, by the Grace of the Almighty, brought Islam to us. Dr. Musa Shaheen said: “Love for the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is proof of love for faith, and depending on the strengthening or weakening of this love, faith itself strengthens or weakens. When a believer begins to love the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) more than his father, mother, wife, child, wealth, family, relatives and generally all people, his faith becomes perfect. But even more perfect is the faith of the one who loves the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stronger than his own soul inside him, and sacrifices it for him” (Musa Shahin. Fath al-Mun'im. Vol. 1. P. 249)

مَولِد النَّبِي

11–12 Rabi'ul-Awwal – Mawlid an-Nabi

– Sacred night of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, the brightest and most revered after the night of Predestination Laylat al-Qadr.

“Truly Allah and His angels bless the Prophet. O you who believe! Bless him and greet him in peace."

Holy Quran. Sura 33 Al-Ahzab / The Allies, verse 56

Our Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was born 12 Rabi'ul-Awwal 571. “The Messenger of Allah was born on Monday, on Monday he arrived in Medina, and on Monday he passed away. On Monday, he installed the Hajar al-Aswad stone in the Kaaba. On Monday, victory was won at the Battle of Badr. On Monday, the third verse from Surah Al Maida came down: “Today I completed your religion for you.” (Ibn Abbas) All these events are signs of special importance for Muslims.

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, valued his birth, thanked Allah Almighty for creating him and giving life, praising Him for this good, observing post on Mondays: “On this day I was born, on this day I was sent (to people) and (on this day) it (the Quran) was revealed to me” (Muslim). The birthday of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was celebrated during his lifetime. In the Muslim calendar this holiday called "Mawlid" entered three centuries after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him.

Worship

Honoring the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, allows you to renew love for him in your heart and turn to Allah with words of gratitude. In this night read the Holy Quran, shahada, istighfar, dua, dhikr, salawat, a poetic narrative about the birth of the Messenger of Allah, his life and prophetic mission. During the day Meetings are held on the 12th of Rabi al-Awwal ( Mawlid), the participants of which express respect and reverence for the personality of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and gratitude to him, and joy on the occasion of his birthday, praise and thank Allah for mercy for all mankind, distribute

Birthday of the Prophet Muhammad: 11-12 Rabi' al-Awwal.

How to celebrate the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad? What is the canonical justification for its implementation?

This is a good innovation (bid'a hasana), which is accepted by most Islamic scholars and which appeared around the end of the sixth century AH. Al-Harari says: “The assertion that “this [the performance of Mawlid] is not in the Sunnah and is therefore rejected and forbidden” is not substantiated in any way. In Sharia No rules “everything that was not done by the Prophet is a forbidden innovation (bid’a of Muharram).” Ramadan al-Buty wrote: “A gathering of people for the purpose of praising the Almighty, where a lot is said about the life of the Prophet Muhammad, his qualities and traits, is a good deed and rewarded before Allah (God, Lord), if done for His sake, with or without His name the presence of the forbidden (maharramat)." He thinks so too most of Islamic scholars past and present. In addition, there are many indirect arguments in favor of Mawlid. Thus, one of the companions, Kya'b bin Zuhair, in the presence of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) praised him, uttering words of praise. Hasan bin Thabit confirmed this and also praised the Messenger of God.

I agree that there are no direct canonical justifications for celebrating the Prophet’s birthday, but it would be wrong to say that in Islam there is absolutely no place for praising the Messenger of God, because the Koran says that he is “a mercy for all the worlds.”

One of the Muslim scholars of the last century said: “Reading Mawlid is a good and useful Islamic custom. It contains communication between believers, an instructive lesson for their faith, the awakening in the hearts of people of love for God and His last messenger, Muhammad (may the Lord bless and greet him).”

Prophet Muhammad (may the Creator bless him and welcome him) said: “Whoever becomes the initiator of a good deed in Islam (a good custom, sunnaten hasanatan, linked in some way with religion) [let’s say, finds some new forms, ways of realizing spiritual, moral, religious ideas and values] and other people follow his example, he will receive the reward that he himself deserves, as well as the reward of all those who follow this good path [ new practice, an innovation that does not conflict with the canons, but, on the contrary, develops and reveals them], and it will also be credited to them. [And so on until the End of the World.]

Whoever becomes the founder of an evil act covered up by religion (a bad custom, a harmful act that discredits religion; sunnata sharrin, sunnaten sayieten; invents roundabout ways of circumventing or justifying the forbidden), which others will follow, he [if he does not repent and correct himself before God] deserves the punishment that he will be worthy of, as well as the punishment that will be worthy of all those who follow this bad custom (the new religious “good”-atrocity) [and so on until the End of the World], while they will also have a sin for committing it (this act) [of one’s own free will].” See, for example: an-Naysaburi M. Sahih Muslim. P. 392, Hadith No. 69–(1017); an-Nawawi Ya. Sahih Muslim bi sharkh an-Nawawi [Compendium of hadiths of Imam Muslim with comments by Imam an-Nawawi]. At 10 t., 18 p.m. Beirut: al-Kutub al-‘ilmiya, [b. G.]. T. 6. Part 11. P. 165, 166, explanation of hadith No. 27–(1677); at-Tirmidhi M. Sunan at-Tirmidhi. 2002. P. 755, Hadith No. 2680, “Hasan Sahih”; al-Qaradawi Y. Al-muntaka min kitab “at-targyb wat-tarhib” lil-munziri. T. 1. P. 108, 109, Hadith No. 41; at-Tabrizi M. Mishket al-masabih [Niche of lamps]. In 4 volumes. Beirut: al-Fikr, 1991. T. 1. P. 106, Hadith No. 210.

Read more about innovations in my book “How to See Paradise?” or on our website.

Al-Harari A. Izhar al'aqida al-sunniya bi sharkh al-'aqida at-tahawiyya [Identification of Sunni belief through the commentary of the 'aqida of Imam al-Tahawi]. Beirut: al-Mashari', 1997. P. 332.

Al-Buti R. Ma'a annas. Mashurat wa Fatawa. P. 241.

In the Koran, the Lord of the worlds says: “And We sent you [Muhammad, as God’s final prophet and messenger] not otherwise than as a mercy for the worlds [after all, what you came with is the reason for the happiness of the representatives of the world of people and the parallel world of the jinn, moreover, both their worldly well-being and the otherworldly; helps to arrange life “here and now”, as well as “there and always”]” (Holy Quran, 21:107).

Nursi S. Al-maktubat. Cairo: Syuzlyar, 1992. P. 396.

Built by the Messenger of Allah (saw) himself, Masjid an-Nabi is generally recognized as the second most important mosque in the Muslim world.

Its special status is emphasized, first of all, by the fact that the prayers in it are many times superior to the prayers in other “Houses of Allah”. In addition, near it is the burial place of Muhammad (s.g.w.), as well as his closest companions - Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (r.a.) and Umar ibn Khattab (r.a.).

History of the Medina mosque

It was built after Mecca to Medina. This plot of land originally belonged to two orphans.

After the fulfillment of the Hijrah by the Prophet (s.g.w.), every Ansar wanted Muhammad (s.g.w.) to settle in his house. Realizing this, the Grace of the Worlds (s.g.v.) said the words: “Make way for my camel, as she follows the path that Allah commands her.” After some time, the camel approached a stall owned by two orphans. And then God’s Messenger (s.g.v.) set out to redeem this place. Having learned about this, the young men declared that they wanted to give it to the Prophet (s.a.w.). However, he refused to accept such a gift and paid them 10 dinars (the hadith is given in the code of Bukhari).

Subsequently, the first mosque in Medina was built on this very spot - Masjid an-Nabi, built at the behest of the Prophet (s.a.w.). After its construction, it was repeatedly expanded by the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.) himself, as well as during the reigns of Abu Bakr, Umar and Uthman (r.a.). In a later period, the Prophet's Mosque was reconstructed during the reign of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. In 1256, a major fire occurred here, engulfing all the premises and causing great damage. The restoration of the temple immediately began, and the mosque acquired its new appearance.

After the conquest of Medina by the Ottoman Sultan Selim I the Terrible, a new era began in the history of Arabia, and the Prophet's Mosque was no exception. Turkish rulers paid enormous attention to Masjid an-Nabi, thanks to which it acquired its modern appearance.

These days it's already large complex with a total area of 360 thousand square kilometers. There are 10 minarets on its territory. Every year during the Hajj the mosque accommodates up to a million believers.

Attractions Masjid an-Nabi

1. Rauda

The name of this place translated means “Garden of Eden.” Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) said: “Between the house and the minbar is ar-Rauda - one of the gardens of Paradise” (Bukhari, Muslim). Muslim theologians comment on this hadith in different ways, but they all agree that this place carries grace. Some argue that a believer who performs namaz on Rauda experiences special inner harmony and peace. Others believe that prayer itself in a given place can lead to the Gardens of Eden. Still others put forward the version that Rauda in another world will become one of the heavenly places.

A well-known landmark is the burial place of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.), as well as the first two righteous caliphs - Abu Bakr (r.a.) and Umar (r.a.). During the time of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.), his house was located with a mosque. However, due to the constant expansion of Masjid an-Nabi, the grave of the Prophet (s.a.w.) ended up on the territory of the complex.

The burial sites are surrounded by two walls. This is to ensure that Muslims do not mistake graves for places of worship and do not perform prayers there. When visiting a mosque, believers greet God's Messenger (s.g.w.) and offer dua for him.

3. House of Ali ibn Abu Talib and Fatima al-Zahra (r.a.)

Also on the territory of Masjid an-Nabi, over time, there was also a house in which Fatima (r.a.) and his son-in-law, the fourth righteous caliph Ali (r.a.), lived.

4. Great Islamic Library

The mosque houses a large collection of rare books on Islamic history, law, doctrine and tawhid. Unfortunately, many copies were lost during the fire of 1256, but, nevertheless, some were still saved.

Advantages of the Prophet's Mosque

Great reward for prayer. The prayer in Masjid an-Nabi is 1000 times greater than that offered in any other mosque except the Sacred Mosque. This is indicated by the hadith cited in their collections by Bukhari and Muslim. Those. for one fard prayer in the Mosque of the Prophet (s.g.w.), which will take us no more than 15 minutes, we can receive the reward of six months of regular collective prayer.

Mosque of Piety. One day a believer asked the Prophet (s.a.w.) a question about which mosque is based on piety. And he replied: “This is the mosque of Medina!” (Muslim).

A place to gain knowledge. It is believed that a believer will receive additional benefits if he visits Masjid al-Nabi to receive education. One of the hadiths cited by Albani says: “Whoever visited this mosque to gain knowledge or teach others is like one who fights in the path of God.”

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