Forearm of the right hand. Pain in the shoulder and forearm of the right arm

Pain and its causes in alphabetical order:

pain in the forearm

Forearm (antebachium) - part of the upper limb, limited by the elbow and wrist joints.

The skin of the dorsal surface of the forearm is thicker than on the palmar surface, mobile, easily folded, and covered with hair. Own fascia of the forearm from all sides covers the muscles, bones, vascular nerve formations, forming 3 fascial spaces: anterior, external and posterior, which are separated from each other by fascial septa attached to the bone.

The bone base of the forearm is made up of the radius and ulna, which articulate in the proximal, distal radioulnar joints. The epiphysis of the radius and ulna are reinforced with ligaments, and the diaphysis is connected by an interosseous membrane. This anatomical structure of the forearm makes it possible to move the radius around the ulna outward (supination) inwards (pronation).

In the anterior fascial bed there is an anterior group of muscles, which forms four layers: the first layer is a round pronator (a muscle that rotates the hand inward), a radial flexor of the wrist, a long palmar muscle; the second layer is the superficial flexor of the fingers, bending the proximal and middle phalanges of the II-V fingers and the hand; the third layer is the deep flexor of the fingers, the long flexor of the thumb of the hand, the flexor of the nail phalanges of the fingers and the hand; the fourth layer is a square pronator, which ensures the rotation of the brush inward. In the outer fascial bed there is an external group of muscles: the brachioradialis muscle, the long and short radial extensor of the wrist.

In the posterior fascial bed, the posterior muscle group is located in two layers: the first layer is the ulnar muscle, the ulnar extensor of the wrist, which extends the hand and takes it to the ulnar side, the extensor of the little finger, the extensor of the fingers, which extends the II-V fingers and hand; second layer - supinator (muscle that rotates the hand outward), extensor index finger, short and long extensor of the thumb, long muscle that abducts the thumb.

The blood supply to the forearm is provided by the radial and ulnar arteries. Venous outflow is carried out at the expense of superficial and deep veins, lymph outflow - on superficial; deep lymphatic vessels in the elbow and axillary lymph nodes. The anterior muscle group is innervated by the median and partially ulnar nerves, the posterior by the radial nerve.

Pain in the forearm is a common complaint with which patients turn to doctors of various specialties. The variety of causes that cause pain in the forearm predetermines the complexity of their diagnosis and treatment.

What diseases cause pain in the forearm:

Causes of pain in the forearm:

Pain in the forearm can cause traumatic injuries of the elbow and wrist joint (dislocations, fractures), muscles of the forearm.
There are closed and open injuries of the forearm. With significant bruises, subcutaneous muscle ruptures and closed fractures of the bones of the forearm, subfascial hematomas (subfascial hypertension syndrome) can develop, leading to compression of blood vessels, nerve trunks of muscles, which is manifested by ischemia of the distal limbs with impaired function and skin sensitivity in the area of the hand.
Subcutaneous ruptures of the tendons and muscles of the forearm are rare. With their complete and partial injuries, local pain in the forearm, hematoma, dysfunction of the hand and fingers are observed.

Chronic overstrain of the muscles of the forearm, for example, in the course of professional activity, often leads to the development of a dystrophic process. The disease is manifested by aching pains in the forearm, aggravated by clenching the fingers into a fist, movements in the wrist joint. Muscle tone is increased, palpation is painful.

With heavy monotonous work, aseptic tendovaginitis of the tendons of the forearm, more often of the extensor fingers, may occur. They are manifested by pain in the forearm during the movements of the fingers of the hand, sometimes crepitus is determined (crepitating tendovaginitis).

Purulent tendovaginitis is usually a complication of panaritium or phlegmon of the hand and may be accompanied by purulent fusion of tissues with a breakthrough of pus into Pirogov's space (between the square pronator, the interosseous membrane and both bones of the forearm). High body temperature, edema, hyperemia of the skin and a sharp pain in the forearm on palpation, limitation or absence of finger movements are observed.

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Do you have pain in your forearm? You need to be very careful about your overall health. People don't pay enough attention disease symptoms and do not realize that these diseases can be life-threatening. There are many diseases that at first do not manifest themselves in our body, but in the end it turns out that, unfortunately, it is too late to treat them. Each disease has its own specific signs, characteristic external manifestations - the so-called disease symptoms. Identifying symptoms is the first step in diagnosing diseases in general. To do this, you just need to several times a year be examined by a doctor not only to prevent a terrible disease, but also to maintain a healthy spirit in the body and the body as a whole.

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If you are interested in any other symptoms of diseases and types of pain, or you have any other questions and suggestions - write to us, we will definitely try to help you.

The uniqueness of the human shoulder joint lies in the fact that by nature it is able to perform more movements than any other joint in the human body. Therefore, in its structure, it is the most complex. And the more complex the design, the easier it is to break or fail. Therefore, even a slight deviation from proper work leads to inflammation of the shoulder joint or other injuries that cause pain of a different nature.

You will learn

Causes

For what reason do the shoulders and forearms hurt, what to do when the pain becomes unbearable? Any joint cannot withstand prolonged work that does not correspond to its anatomical functions, then fractures, bruises and dislocations become the cause. If he performs a heavy load for a long time, for example, in the gym, does not have time to recover, this can also cause pain. Shoulder pain can be caused by an infectious or viral cause.

Since the shoulder joint is the most mobile, it is more likely to be injured than others.

Most at risk of getting such discomfort are people who move little during the day, do not monitor their posture, and often stoop. Or vice versa, people who often do a lot of physical work with their hands. This risk group includes professional athletes whose sport forces them to constantly use this joint. For example, pain in the right shoulder often occurs in tennis and volleyball players.

In any case, this is a signal to see a doctor for a diagnosis and qualified help. If the causes are not eliminated in time and the pain is not relieved, it can become chronic.

Classification

It must be understood that the shoulder can hurt not only due to damage to the joint, but also due to diseases of nearby organs or parts of the body. To understand why it hurts right shoulder or left, it is necessary to evaluate its mobility. So, if the joint has retained anatomical movements, most likely, pain occurs due to disease or damage to blood vessels or nerves near the joint, diseases of the chest, abdominal organs, general overload of the joint. Next, we will try to understand in more detail the nature and localization of pain.

If you suddenly have a sharp pain in your left shoulder, even for a moment, and the body itself does not have any signs of disease, this may be the first signal of an impending heart attack. Be sure to see a cardiologist.

Types of pain according to the mechanism of occurrence

The nature of the pain may indicate various ailments. For example, when it seems to spread over the entire arm from the shoulder to the fingertips, while the arm seems to “goosebumps” or it becomes slightly numb; or the pain worsens when you tilt or turn your head, most likely the cause of such sensations is in problems with the cervical vertebrae.

If pain in the shoulder joint appears when the arm is raised forward or to the side, most likely the problem lies in the supraspinal tendon. If discomfort occurs when, with the elbow pressed, a person tries to rotate the shoulder outward or inward, then the infraspinal tendon or the tendon of the subscapularis is damaged. Problems with the biceps can be indicated by pain in the forearm when a person tries to turn it inward.

According to the strength of manifestation

Pain in the shoulder joint of the left hand, as well as the right, can be acute, chronic, aching or reflected:

Acute occurs abruptly, as a rule, has a high intensity and can just as quickly pass by itself or after taking special drugs. Usually she talks about serious violations, tissue damage. Pain may pass faster than healing.
Chronic can occur even after the cause of the pain has been eliminated. Usually its cause is various kinds of sprains, inflammation of the tendons. This is a constant pain for a long time that occurs with certain positions of the hand.
Somatic or aching pain in the shoulder is poorly localized, it is felt weakly, but for a long time. It usually occurs in the joints, tendons, bones. The aching nature of the manifestation is due to the fact that there are few nerve receptors in these tissues.

In the case when a disease or injury of one organ gives pain to the shoulder, they speak of referred pain. It can occur due to diseases of the chest, including heart attacks, angina pectoris, and liver pathology. A person may experience dizziness, tightness and heaviness in the chest.

If, against the background of complete health, the right shoulder hurts, the causes may be hiding in cholelithiasis.

Possible diseases

The cause of discomfort in the shoulder joint can be various diseases. So, if there is osteochondrosis of the cervical region, then pains can “shoot” into the arm when tilting or turning the head, in especially advanced cases it is difficult for a person to raise his arm. And at night they become aggravated and become literally unbearable:

The shoulder hurts and with inflammation of the joint, arthritis. If it is not treated, the mobility of the joint is limited over time, it hurts to raise the arm.

If for no apparent reason pain gradually appears or the shoulder of the left arm hurts with a burning shooting pain, what should I do in this case? Urgently consult a doctor, as this may be the cause of humeroscapular periarthrosis. Associated symptoms speak about it:

hand numbness;
violation of the functions of the brush;
hands begin to freeze;
pain often occurs at night.

If there is aching pain in the muscles of the arms or shoulder girdle, it is difficult for a person to move his arms, as before, we are talking about myalgia. It can be caused by viral infections, hypothermia, physical overload.

Which doctor should I contact for shoulder pain

When the left shoulder and forearm hurt, you need to know how to treat them. Only a doctor can determine this. True, which doctor to turn to for help depends on the cause of the pain.

If you have any questions, please contact one of the following professionals:

rheumatologist;
orthopedist;
neuropathologist;
traumatologist;
family doctor.

Most often, traumatologists face such diseases, since the main cause of pain is injury to the joint or adjacent tissues. It is worth contacting him for acute pain. If the right or left shoulder and forearm hurt, but with constant, aching pain, the family doctor will tell you how to treat the disease. He will conduct an initial diagnosis, establish the cause of the disease and refer you to the appropriate specialist. For example, if the pain is associated with neuralgia, he will give a referral to a neurologist, if the causes lie in autoimmune diseases - to a rheumatologist. If the reflected nature of the pain is established, an infectious disease specialist, a cardiologist, a gastroenterologist and other doctors can help.

About the causes of shoulder pain, diagnosis of diseases and treatment, see this video.

Preventive measures

Where does the pain in the left forearm come from, what are its causes, we figured it out. Now let's figure out what to do so that it does not arise. First of all, it is not recommended to sleep on a high pillow; it is better to use an elastic roller for sleeping.

Did you know? When the shoulder joint of the right hand hurts and you don’t know how to treat it, turn to traditional medicine. Take young pine cones or needles, pour a glass of water at room temperature and put on fire for half an hour. Then pour into a thermos and leave overnight. The infusion is used to take baths for 20 minutes to relieve pain. The product is used in proportions of half a liter per bath.

When carrying bags, especially heavy ones, try to distribute their weight on both shoulders, that is, wear a backpack, not a bag with one shoulder strap.
When walking, do not slouch, periodically check your posture, leaning your back against the wall so that your heels, shoulder blades, buttocks and the back of your head are in line.
Women are not recommended to wear high heels (above 5 cm).
Try not to make sudden movements with your head, always dress according to the weather, do light gymnastics in the morning, stretching all the joints of the body. Stretch your shoulders and neck throughout the day.

As you can see, it doesn’t matter if the shoulder hurts when raising the arm up, forward or to the side, the treatment is always ambiguous and depends on the causes of this pain. Only a doctor can install them, he also determines a competent treatment program. Most often, you have to seek help from a traumatologist or sports doctor if the injury occurred during sports. But you can also visit a family doctor who will determine the nature of the pain, its possible causes and refer you to the right specialist.

Pain in the shoulder can be different: sharp, aching, periodic, constant. All of them talk about various diseases that can be difficult to immediately establish. Successful treatment depends on a correct diagnosis.

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It happens sometimes in life that pain does not allow you to think about anything but about it. Forearm pain can vary. It can suddenly seize at the moment of a sudden movement, it can tighten one side of the body for a long time, it can whine constantly, it can prevent sleep. Pain of any kind always has a specific cause. How to get rid of it? Let's find out in this article.

Many advise - to go to the doctor, and they are right. But, if "grabbed" at night, and for an ambulance - not everything is so bad? And if in this moment no one to leave the child with? And there are many "ifs". And the problem needs to be solved now, because any pain interferes with a normal life. In such cases, people look for information on the Internet.

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Causes of pain in the forearm

Trauma to the wrist and elbow joint, muscles of the forearm can cause pain in the forearm. These injuries can be open or closed. In case of serious injuries, namely: bruises, subcutaneous muscle ruptures, fractures of the bones of the forearm, the formation of subfascial hematomas is likely, which can compress blood vessels and nerve endings. In the course of such an action, consequences are possible: a violation of the functional activity of the hand, which does not exclude the loss of skin sensitivity.

As for subcutaneous ruptures of muscles and tendons, this is a rare occurrence. In the case of partial and absolute injuries, partial pain in the forearm, hematoma, problematic movements of the hand and fingers are not excluded.

Overstrain or overload of the muscles of the forearm, for example, lifting too heavy a load, physical activity, sudden movement can provoke pain in the forearm, sometimes to a dystrophic process. Type of pain: aching. If the hand is clenched into a fist, then the pain in the forearm increases. At the time of movement of the wrist joint, the pain may be acute.
Purulent tendovaginitis - the consequences of panaritium or phlegmon of the hand. Symptoms: fever of the whole body, swelling of local significance, hyperemia of the skin, because purulent fusion of tissues spewing pus. In addition, in addition to restrictions, complete dysfunction of the fingers is likely, and the pain in the forearm is sharp and sharp.
As a result of compaction of the transverse ligament and narrowing of the carpal tunnel, pain occurs in the forearm. In medicine, this disease is called carpal tunnel syndrome, which leads to compression of the median nerve, hand vessels and flexor tendons.
Professional activities (carpenters, grinders, ironers, etc.) can cause some diseases: myositis. At the same time, the pain in the forearm is unbearable, even burning. For a right-hander, the left forearm mostly hurts, and for a left-hander, the right.
Reflex neurodystrophic and neurovascular syndrome. With this diagnosis, a person suffers from aching pain that affects not only the forearm, but spreads to the back of the head, neck, shoulder and hand.
Scalenus and pectalgic syndrome can cause pain in the forearm. In human language, this is explained as a violation of the reflex and muscular-tonic nature in the pectoral muscles. Plus, the subclavian artery and the brachial plexus are compressed.
Pleskopathy occurs as a result of trauma, tumor formation or radiation treatment.
The compressed median nerve in the area of the round pronator forms a sharp pain in the forearm.

There are actually many more causes and diseases that provoke burning, sharp, sharp, aching pain in the forearm, and each of them has its own consequences and symptoms.

Symptoms of pain in the forearm

Pain in the forearm can be justified by various causes, respectively, and a variety of symptoms.

There is a whole group of inflammatory processes and tendon lesions, the causative agents of which are tendinitis and tendinoses. In the case of the transition of the pathology to the ligament and the surrounding membrane, tendovaginitis develops. There is pain in the forearm and the functions of the upper limbs are disturbed. As a rule, tendonitis and tendinoses are a simultaneous disease, as the factors of their occurrence are identical, as are the methods of treatment.

During inflammation of the tendon, a risk of possible ruptures is created. The inflammatory process is characterized by the following symptoms:

pain during movement
passive movements may not cause pain in the forearm,
if you touch the affected area, then there are painful sensations,
increased local temperature,
redness of the skin and even swelling in the painful area,
"Crunch" in the joints during movement.

Diffuse fasciitis is one of the types of inflammatory process. Its characteristic features are that in this situation the connective sheath of the muscles of the forearm is affected. Symptoms of this disease:

drawing pain in the forearm,
weakness of contractions in the hand and fingers,
skin changes resembling cellulite with small seals.

Joint dislocations have the following symptoms:

pain in the forearm, in the shoulder, in the wrist, elbow joint, hand,
external changes: a “bump” in the area of the joint and a nearby hollow, edema,
movements of the affected arm together with the forearm are limited, often, even impossible.

Stress fracture is the result of physical exertion. Usually such a diagnosis occurs in athletes.

Fractures caused by trauma have the following symptoms:

increasing pain in the forearm, which also radiates to neighboring parts of the body (arm, back) during movements,
swelling and swelling at the affected point,
subcutaneous hemorrhage,
abnormal hand position
impaired mobility, including limited movement,
possible "crunch" of a broken bone,
if the fracture is open, then bone fragments can be seen,
with an open fracture, bleeding and traumatic shock are characteristic.

Fractures in the elbow joint in most cases occur due to a fall on the elbow or a sharp contraction of the triceps. You can determine the presence of a fracture in this zone, thanks to the following symptoms:

swelling and deformity in the affected cavity,
blue, purple shade,
in a straightened state, the arm hangs down,
it is impossible to move the hand as soon as a strong piercing pain appears in one attempt,
inability to straighten the forearm on its own in case of a fracture with displacement.

Arthritis is another form of the inflammatory process, which is determined by the following symptoms:

stiffness and pain in the forearm,
changes in the shape of the joint
limitation of movement of the affected limb,
skin redness,
unusual "crunch" during exercise.

Osteoarthritis is a disease formed on the basis of the destruction of cartilage tissue on the surfaces of the joint.

Symptoms at the initial stage of development of osteoarthritis:

intermittent pain in the forearm that occurs after increased physical exertion,
pain at night.

The clinical form of osteoarthritis has other symptoms:

limited movements of the limb, more intensified difficulties are characteristic in the morning,
"crunch".

Pain in the muscles of the forearm

It is logical that if specifically muscles hurt, then this is muscle damage. Now let's look at what exactly the defeats are:

1. Myositis. It has been discussed above.
Physical stress is the most common phenomenon. In this case, there is pain in the forearm, and in the whole arm. If you do not stop physical activity, then the pain spreads throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe arm, including the hand. As a result of chronic overvoltage, dystrophic processes are possible.
Crick. In this case, the muscles may have a swollen appearance, and of course, accompanied by pain, especially when palpated. Rarely, but still happens, swelling and increased size of the forearm.
Torn muscles of the forearm. Pain in the forearm is related not only to the muscle itself, but also to its tendon. If the gap is large enough, then the possibility of disconnection of the muscle from the tendon is not ruled out. The pain is incredibly sharp and intense. When the muscles are torn, there are modifications: large edema at the site of injury, hematoma. In case of hematoma formation, the forearm is hot to the touch. The extreme consequences include irreparable destruction of nerve fibers and muscle tissue, the result of which is the inability to bend or unbend the hand and fingers.

Aching pain in the forearm

It is possible that aching pain in the forearm can carry a clinical form of diseases associated with neurology, vertebrology, or is related to metabolic, immune, neuroreflex and neurovascular disorders, and so on.

Venous thrombosis - the disease is due to blockage of the veins, which denies the natural blood flow. In addition, the walls of blood vessels and the surrounding tissues become inflamed. Pain in this case can be different: aching, convulsive, strong, sharp, sharp, dull, deaf, moderate. The danger of such a diagnosis is that a blood clot can separate from the vessel wall and enter the heart, lungs, or brain with the blood stream.

Reflex neurodystrophic and neurovascular syndromes.

Lupus erythematosus, which is characterized by symptoms:

severe fatigue,
progressive skin rash
joint pain,
damage to the kidneys, heart, lungs, blood,
weight loss,
profuse hair loss
swollen lymph nodes
cutaneous vasculitis,
anemia,
swollen feet and hands.

Severe pain in the forearm

Worse than pain, only constant, severe pain in the forearm, which not only hinders movement, but even paralyzes. What diseases can cause severe pain in the forearm?

Gout. Surely, many have heard that due to the high presence of uric acid in the blood plasma, salts are deposited on the surface of the joints. But, few people know about the incredibly burning and severe pain, the root of which is located in the joints of the big toe and runs all the way to the forearm. The consequences include polyarthritis.
Plexitis is an inflammatory process in relation to the brachial plexus. The most common cause is trauma. In severe cases, tissue malnutrition appears that affects the upper limbs. This disease has two degrees of development: paralytic and neuralgic. The first degree is due to muscle paralysis. The second - spontaneous pain in the shoulder joint.
Hernia. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that pain is reflected in the forearm, and not in the region of the cervical and thoracic spine, despite the fact that the core of the disease is located there. At the same time, the forearm does not change its appearance, there are no obstacles in movement. The pain, the basis of which is this disease, is able to wake a person out of bed at night.

Muscular pain in the forearm

Muscular pain in the forearm is most often explained by physical exertion, but diseases are not excluded: tendovaginitis, crepitating tendovaginitis, tunnel syndrome, scalenus syndrome, and so on.

Crepitating tendovaginitis is the second name for paratenonitis of the forearm. At the moment of movement, pain is felt in the affected area, crepitus. Inflammatory development is acute. There is a possibility that the disease can become chronic.
tunnel syndrome. In this case, the pain originates in the hands, most often, the beginning of its appearance is the right hand. The basis of such a consequence may be monotonous work. Such a diagnosis is mainly characteristic of people working at a computer. In addition, as a factor causing this disease include:

pregnancy,
arthritis,
hypothyroidism,
obesity,
diabetes,
systematic, identical hand movements,
wrist injury,
bone outgrowths,
smoking.

Scalenus syndrome or scalenus anterior syndrome consists in the presence of spasm, compaction and even thickening of the affected muscle.

Aching pain in right forearm

This kind of pain in the forearm (both in the right and in the left) can be the result of various reasons:

colds (muscle "breaking" at a temperature),
capsulitis - inflammation of the joint membrane. The danger of capsulitis is that the patient may be in a state of long-term disability. As a rule, this disease does not threaten persons under 50 years of age. But, nevertheless, cases were recorded when among the patients there were also younger people - up to 40 years old. The peculiarity of capsulitis is that the pain in the forearm can be not only aching, but also severe. A characteristic symptom for capsulitis is limited hand movements, especially inward. As for the causes of the disease, the consequences can be caused by trauma or appear spontaneously,
aching pain in the forearm “for the weather” is characterized by humeroscapular periarthritis or joint injuries that have not been fully cured. What causes humeroscapular periarthritis and its symptoms?
- first of all, the causes include injuries: dislocation, a blow to the shoulder, an unusual load on the shoulder, and so on;
- degenerative development inside the spine, leading to dysfunction of the trophism around the articular tissues;
- diseases that affect reflex processes relative to the shoulder joint, for example, myocardial infarction.

Drawing pain in the forearm

It often occurs in people who have resorted to treatment with anticoagulants designed to inhibit blood clotting. During which, a sudden hemorrhage in the muscles of the forearm is possible. Pain in the forearm in this case can be aching and pulling. In addition, the forearm increases in size, hematomas occur. With all this, the presence of injury is not necessary.

Also, if the shoulder and forearm “pulls”, it is quite possible that an overload on the shoulder was carried out, formed by heaviness or sudden movements.

Sharp pain in the forearm

This also includes the types of diseases that were considered with symptoms of acute pain. Also, severe sharp pain in the forearm can mean the presence of such diseases:

cervical osteochondrosis - in simple words, it sounds something like this: if we consider the spine as the main motor system, then, like any mechanism, it needs a lubricant that softens the friction process exerted, in this case, on the intervertebral discs. At the moment of movement, these disks are in contact with each other, and in the absence of a lubricating film, the disks are erased and sag, which causes a sharp pain in the forearm. Cervical osteochondrosis is the absence of natural lubrication;
capsulitis;
bursitis - the name comes from the word "bursa" - a periarticular bag. It is in it that fluid accumulates, which has a softening effect on the joint in the process of movement. The inflammation of this bag is called bursitis. In addition to the fact that during the development of the disease there is a sharp pain in the forearm, there may be mechanical changes: swelling, redness of the skin, fever in a local sense, limited movements.

Aching pain in left forearm

The left side of the body is loaded with vital organs such as the heart, left kidney and ureter, spleen, pancreas, part of the stomach, and so on. Aching pain in the left forearm may be completely unrelated to muscle and bone diseases. The possibility of having problems related to heart disease is not ruled out. If it is really about the heart, then in this case the pain in the forearm flows into the arm, including the hand. The pain in this case has a somewhat numb character, the effect of a resting hand. In such a situation, a person cannot sleep or lie on his left side for a long time, as the hand begins to go numb and whine.

Pain in the left forearm may have another meaning:

inflammation of the tendons of the left shoulder,
biceps tendonitis,
bursitis,
deposition of calcium salts,
injury,
tumors,
humeroscapular periarthrosis,
impigment syndrome,
forearm calcification,
arthrosis and arthritis.

Pain in the forearm and elbow

It often happens that pain in the forearm also affects the elbow, and vice versa, a pinched nerve or an inflamed joint in the elbow can radiate to the forearm and even to the neck. It's like with a toothache: one tooth hurts, and the pain area affects the entire jaw. So, consider the causes of pain:

affected articular cartilage and bones: arthritis, arthrosis, chondocalcinosis, synovial chondromatosis, injuries of the elbow joint, osteophytes of the elbow joint, tumors of the elbow joint, gout;
the affected musculoskeletal apparatus, this also includes diseases such as bursitis and epicondylitis of the elbow joint, tendinitis, diffuse fasciitis, cubital canal syndrome;
problems associated with the nervous and cardiovascular system that provoke pain in the forearm, in the elbow and in the neck: ulnar neuritis, myocardial infarction, Charcot's neurotrophic arthropathy, hemophilia, osteochondrosis and intervertebral hernia.

Above, we examined the options for diseases, on the basis of which pain in the forearm and elbow may occur. But, in addition to this, there are mechanical effects that are called injuries in everyday life: dislocation, fracture, sprain, tear, rupture, and so on.

With a fracture of the elbow joint, pain is acute. The cause of such pain is not only a broken joint, but also damaged nerves, blood vessels, tissues that have been affected by bone fragments. And, as you yourself understand, that in the case of an affected nerve, pain can even lead a person to loss of consciousness. In addition to pain symptoms, it is possible to determine a fracture of the elbow joint, due to the unnatural crunch of bones in the damaged area. And also hand movements become limited, sometimes impossible. External changes are also present: joint deformity; bruising, resulting from damage to blood vessels.

Pain in the forearm and elbow joint, caused by Volkmann's ischemic contracture, is one of the most dangerous, since the factor of its origin is an acute disturbance of arterial blood flow in the arm due to damage or compression by edema of the vessels.

Symptoms of Volkmann's ischemic contracture: pale skin on the arm, the limb becomes cold, impaired skin sensitivity, weak (or lack thereof) pulse, swollen fingers.

As a result of a rupture of the tendons of the elbow joint, pain in the forearm affects the entire arm, as in this case, as a rule, the main mechanical force is directed to the biceps or biceps of the shoulder. The fact of separation of the tendons from the muscles is not excluded.

Acute pain in the forearm, but more often in the elbow, may indicate the formation of osteophytes - pathological growths on the plane of cartilage and bone tissue. The cause of a possible diagnosis is: incorrect calcium metabolism or deforming loads.

Chondromatosis is explained as a bone or cartilage growth inside a joint. As a result of this action, the bone and joint are deformed, the diseased limb is shortened. The inflammatory process, which is an integral part of this disease, increases the pain in the forearm, in the elbow. As for the clinical situation, the following symptoms are inherent here: pain at the time of flexion and extension of the elbow, swelling, tight joint movements, the formation of contractures, hypertrophy around the articular muscles.

Pain in the forearm or elbow of a aching nature may be due to the presence of a tumor. The general malaise of malignant processes is characterized by weakness, fatigue, fever, lack of appetite, weight loss. As for the pain itself, at the initial stage of the development of the disease, it does not particularly attract attention. But over time, pain acquires an obsessive aching character, even at night. The more progressive the disease becomes, the more intense the pain. And, most importantly, it is impossible to eliminate pain with the help of an anesthetic.

Epicondylitis (inflammation of the ligamentous apparatus of the elbow joint) forms pain in the forearm and in the elbow with loads on the arm, that is, in a calm state, the pain does not bother. The signs of this disease include the following phenomena: the absence of impaired hand movements, there are no external changes, pain occurs when the joint is felt.

Neurology identifies a disease that can cause pain in the forearm and elbow, known as cubital tunnel syndrome - a pinched nerve in the cubital canal. This disease does not appear “out of nowhere”, the factors of its formation are microtraumas of the articular bones or a genetic predisposition. In addition to cubital canal syndrome, neurology includes neuritis - inflammation of the ulnar nerve.

Hemophilia is one of the provocateurs of pain in the forearm and elbow, as it is characterized by frequent hemorrhages in the articular areas, including the elbow joint. If we talk about the factor of the causative agent of the disease, then this is a genetic predisposition related to the abnormal process of blood clotting. Hemophilia makes itself felt even in childhood, when the body is most susceptible to injury.

Pain in the left forearm

Pain in the forearm on the left side can mean the presence of any of the above conditions. Plus, the pain of pain is different, respectively, it is necessary to distinguish between types and forms of pain. If the pain syndrome covers the area from the shoulder to the elbow, then often this phenomenon may indicate a myocardial infarction. The pain in this case can be severe, or maybe numb. The source of the pain itself is based in the chest, but often gives to the left side of the body, neck and even the stomach. The disease manifests itself as pallor, heaviness in the chest, shortness of breath, dizziness, loss of consciousness.

If the symptoms are as follows: a nasty pain in the forearm, in the left shoulder and under the left shoulder blade; on the left side of the neck - it may not signal diseases associated with the spine, but with the heart. Myositis is not excluded. In the case of myositis, the steam room and massage are dangerous things.

Pain in the forearm of the left hand

There are cases when the pain in the forearm, it would seem, arises from nowhere. In particular, a person is at a loss when the pain covers precisely the left area of \u200b\u200bthe forearm and the rest of the arm. He begins to think about possible injuries or about the uncomfortable position of the body during sleep, which, by the way, is not excluded.

When left hand it hurts and even hurts so much that it’s hard to lift it, it speaks of a probable chronic tendovaginitis. Often, tendovaginitis has an infectious onset, for example, a cut on the hand.

In the event of a pinched nerve, the pain in the forearm is so severe that the person cannot hold on to a small piece of bread. In the treatment of special popularity are: ointment with heparin, Karavaev's balm.

Pain in right forearm

There are many tips on how to eliminate pain in the forearm, regardless of whether it is right or left. But, frankly, listening to them is extremely dangerous, because for one disease it is recommended to use physiotherapy, massages, water procedures, steam baths, and for another diagnosis, this method of treatment is contraindicated. Therefore, before engaging in treatment, you should consult a doctor, and after the diagnosis is established, resort to methods of treatment.

Above, we have already considered the names of diseases that can provoke pain in the forearm, pain in the left forearm. Some of them (arthritis, arthrosis, gout, rheumatism, polyarthritis, capsulitis, bursitis, pinched nerve, hemophilia, and so on) can also cause pain in the right forearm, shoulder and elbow joint of the right hand.

Shoulder and forearm pain

What can cause pain in the forearm and shoulder? As a rule, we ourselves are to blame for the presence of such problems, since the lack of concern for our health in the future promises us problems with joints, bones, pinched nerves, overstrained muscles, and so on. How exactly can lifestyle affect the possible pain in the forearm and shoulder in the future?

Firstly, sedentary activity, incorrect position of the body during sleep (even an uncomfortable mattress; an open window by the bed - a draft), incorrect posture, the same type of movements or a monotonous position - affect the state of the musculoskeletal system;

Secondly, supercooling (quenching without special training, diving into cold water, clothes not for the season) - the likelihood of chilled nerve endings, muscles;

Thirdly, those who want to have an ideal body, sometimes go towards their goal with excessive fanaticism, which leads to stretching or tearing of muscles, as well as injuries to joints and bones. As for people whose work requires lifting heavy objects (loaders), then do not forget to read safety and labor protection. In any case, the maximum volumes that can be lifted by a person without the use of lifting equipment should be indicated there. But, whatever it was, health is more important than work.

But there are things that are not subject to our efforts, for example, a hereditary predisposition to a certain disease (arthritis, hemophilia) or an accidental household injury (dislocation, fracture).

Sharp pain in the forearm

One of the most unpleasant, even painful sensations is a sharp pain in the forearm, which is explained by such diseases:

arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis,
arthrosis,
tendinitis,
neuritis of the brachial nerve.

Let's consider in more detail. So arthritis can cause hellish pain in the forearm, deformation of the diseased joint. This disease can appear at any age, even in children. Causes of arthritis:

Infections of various kinds, for example, tuberculosis, SARS, acute respiratory infections, influenza, colds, STDs, and so on. Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus are the main causative agents of arthritis;
Mechanical impact on the shoulder and forearm, such as surgical intervention in the joint, trauma;
Genetic predisposition to joint diseases. But it is impossible to say for sure that arthritis is an absolutely hereditary disease. But, if there were patients with arthritis in the family, then it is better to undergo an examination for prevention purposes;
Weak immunity, smoking, hypothermia, increased body weight.

Arthrosis is usually characteristic of older people. As for the symptoms, then acute pain in the forearm is not excluded, even with the slightest movement, which is aggravated by stress on the shoulder or arm. In addition, the patient's hand becomes almost motionless, especially when it is raised. Arthrosis doesn't just happen. For its formation, reasons are needed, for example, rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis. Metabolic disorders in the joint can provoke arthrosis.

Tendinitis and tendinosis have been discussed above.

Shoulder nerve neuritis. Pain in the forearm in this case, patients are confused with joint pain in the same area, although in fact, the joint may not be affected at all. Here, pain sensations are similar to toothache in the way that the inflammatory process of the nerve itself occurs. The danger of this disease lies in the fact that neuritis of the brachial nerve can lead to peripheral paralysis, as a result of which the arm hangs lifelessly.

Diagnosis of pain in the forearm

Diagnosis of pain depends on the nature of the disease. If, for example, a person fell on an outstretched arm, then there is no point in looking for an answer thanks to the ECG, or, conversely, in the absence of injuries, it is stupid to look for a fracture. But, in any case, if there is pain in the forearm, then there is the very reason for its occurrence.

At a doctor's appointment, first of all, they feel the pain zone: forearm, shoulder, elbow, neck, and so on. This is done mainly in order to exclude diseases that require radical methods of treatment - surgery, for example: tumors, intervertebral hernia, osteomyelitis, meningitis, epidural abscess, pharyngeal abscess, thrombosis and much more.

In some cases, diagnosis is difficult because some diseases are difficult to determine, for example, humeroscapular periarthropathy, mainly associated with damage to the soft periarticular tissues. Shoulder-shoulder periarthropathy has several varieties:

rotator cuff tendinitis. In this case, the pain in the forearm is diffuse in nature, accompanied by a limited lateral plane of the shoulder. When lifting the shoulder, the pain intensifies;
subacromial bursitis according to pain symptoms is analyzed as follows: slight pain at the time of raising the arm above the head;
biceps tendinitis. Pain in the forearm and shoulder is associated with tendon disease;
arthritis;
adhesive capsulitis, let's say, the end of diseases related to the pathologies of the humeroscapular tissues or neurology, namely, regarding the shoulder joint. Here the pain in the forearm is very strong, sharp and sharp.

An accurate diagnosis is not possible with ordinary palpation. Today, medical examinations are accompanied by X-rays, ultrasounds, MRIs, or other computer devices. Also, a blood test helps to determine the presence of infection, metastasis (for cancer), lack of vitamins and useful trace elements (calcium). Most importantly, do not rush to conclusions, because the same symptoms can have completely different causes.

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Treatment of pain in the forearm

Before talking about how to treat pain in the forearm, I would like to recall which doctors are competent in this matter: -

orthopedist - congenital diseases; diseases associated with musculoskeletal system;
traumatologist - a doctor who treats everything from dislocations to severe injuries and open fractures;
the surgeon is a general expert who specializes in various fields, ranging from gynecology to heart disease;
A rheumatologist is a specialist of narrow significance, or rather, in the field of connective tissues, joints. He also specializes in rheumatic heart disease;
vertebrologist - deals with the treatment of diseases of the spine;
neurologist - here it is clear that the doctor solves neurological problems;
osteopath - is related to a number of diagnoses:
- diseases of the spine and joints,
- ENT diseases,
- neurological diseases,
- diseases of the internal organs (digestive system, diseases of which can also cause pain in the forearm),
- childhood, male and female diseases,
- injury results,
- pregnancy and childbirth.
oncologist - treats cancers of any complexity,
cardiologist - eliminates problems related to the heart.

The pain itself can be eliminated with painkillers, but it is impossible to solve the problem in this way. And so, how to eradicate the cause of pain? Initially, you should make sure of the diagnosis, after which the treatment takes place:

Injury of the wrist and elbow joint

Treating yourself is not something that is not recommended, but is strictly prohibited, as this act can lead to disability. But how to eliminate pain in the forearm and in another pain zone with the help of painkillers, you can give a couple of tips. The following are known as the most effective drugs for eliminating pain in medicine: Ibuprofen, Ketanov.

Consider the ways of their use and contraindications:

"Ibuprofen" is a children's drug designed to eliminate pain of various types, including toothache. Ibuprofen is recommended for children from the age of three months. The dose is set individually, depending on the degree of pain symptoms. The maximum dose for an adult is 12 tablets. Children from a year, if 1 tablet - 200 mg, then 20 mg / 1 kg of child weight, that is, with a child weighing 10 kg - 200 mg. This figure is divided into 3-4 doses. For arthritis, the maximum dose is up to 40 mg / 1 kg.

Side effect: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, heartburn, bloating, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, agitation, insomnia, tinnitus, blurred vision, high blood pressure, swelling, hemolytic anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, Quincke's edema, broncho-obstructive syndrome, allergic skin reactions.

Contraindications: ulcers of the intestines and stomach, ulcerative colitis, problems with liver function, bronchial asthma, blood diseases (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia), heart failure, eye diseases, pregnancy 3rd trimester and lactation, individual intolerance to the drug.

Overdose: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, tachycardia, bradycardia, tinnitus, headache, drowsiness, lethargy, impaired renal function.

"Ketanov". Many resort to this drug even with the aim of relieving toothache. Despite the popularity of these inexpensive pills, I would like to say that no matter how strong the pain in the forearm is, it should be remembered that there is the concept of "norm", the excess of which can lead to undesirable consequences such as hypertension. As for this remedy, arterial hypertension is not the only side effect. The list of side effects is very wide: nausea, vomiting, urticaria, dry mouth and much more. Contraindications include personal intolerance to the drug, age up to 16 years, diseases digestive system including ulcers, pregnancy and lactation. Regarding the dosage, again it all depends on the intensity of the pain. But still, the recommended proportion is as follows: 10 mg every 3 to 4 hours. The maximum daily allowance is 90 mg.

Overexertion or overload of the forearm muscles

Pain in the forearm in this case increases during movements. Accordingly, bed rest, rest, lack of unnecessary movements is the best solution. Violent attempts to make hand movements can aggravate the situation. Insignificant overstrain is removed by the absence of movements of the diseased part of the body until its complete recovery. If everything is very serious, and there are suspicions that a tendon rupture is possible, then you should worry about the arrival of an ambulance, as there may be a need for surgical intervention. As first aid, rest, ice, raise the injured arm, compress the rupture zone with a bandage and fix it.

Purulent tendovaginitis

Purulent tendovaginitis is treated in an operative way, that is, surgically. Yes, there are smart people nowadays who order Chinese pills on the Internet and brew herbal infusions to treat this disease. But, if you think logically, if these drugs were effective, then people would throw money away for operations? No, of course not. But, the fact remains, and it is impossible to delay with surgery here. During the operation, the tendon sheath is opened to cleanse the affected area from pus. Warm baths are made every day with the addition of potassium permanganate. Dressings moistened with hypertonic sodium chloride solution are also applied until the wound is cleaned. After that, ointment bandages are used.

Reflex neurodystrophic and neurovascular syndrome

How to treat pain in the forearm with such a diagnosis? There is no unequivocal answer to this question, as these diseases have, in their own way, subgroups. However, all of them include as medical procedures, physical education, physiotherapy, gravitational therapy, hyperbaric oxygenation, drug treatment.

At the initial stage of the development of the disease, the treatment process consists of immobilizing the lower limb with a plaster splint for 2 weeks. In parallel, novocaine blockade according to Shkolnikov is carried out. It would not be superfluous to resort to electrophoresis, consisting of Novocain, No-Shpa, Trental, Retabolil, B vitamins, which is prescribed for the lumbar spine. When the plaster splint is removed, proceed to the next stage of treatment: massage; electrophoresis containing calcium, phosphorus, vitamins; physiotherapy. The purpose of physical exercises is to increase muscle mass, prevent the development of deformation, stimulate natural processes.

Any degree of disease requires hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Providing the affected areas with oxygen enhances the healing process, respectively, oxygen therapy is the basis in the treatment of neurostrophic syndrome. Among other things, great importance is attached to the improvement of regional blood circulation and the normalization of trophic developments. Thanks to this treatment, not only pain in the forearm is eliminated, but muscle strength is also optimized, the condition of the skin is rehabilitated, and range of motion is restored.

Scalenus and pectalgic syndrome

It consists of local factors that affect the anterior scalene muscle, while simultaneously compressing the brachial plexus and subclavian artery. In the course of which there is pain in the forearm.

This disease has two degrees of development: functional, which does not show organic changes in blood vessels; organic is characterized by stenosis and occlusion of the subclavian artery. During the development of the disease, there may be changes such as gangrene, acrocyanosis, hyperhidrosis, thrombophlebitis, and so on.

The treatment of this syndrome consists in inpatient care, the complex of which includes anti-inflammatory drugs (Indocide, Vol-Taren, Butadion), corticosteroids, muscle relaxants (Mido-Calm or Scootamil-S), novocaine blockade ( blocks pain in the forearm), novocaine electrophoresis, X-ray irradiation, phonophoresis, intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone. After stopping the inflammatory processes, they resort to the following methods: hydrogen sulfide, radon and brine baths, mud applications.

Consider the methods of using drugs:

"Indocid" - should be taken during or after a meal. An important fragment of the reception, which should be remembered: the tablet must be swallowed without chewing and washed down with plenty of water. Daily dose for adults: 25 mg 2-3 times. If necessary, the daily portion is increased to 100 mg, divided into 4 doses. For gout, up to 50 mg three times a day. For children over 14 years of age, the recommended daily dose is 1.5 - 2.5 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The amount received is divided into 3-4 doses.

"Vol-Taren" - a drug that, although it contains instructions, should not be used without medical supervision. It is the doctor who sets the doses as this remedy is intended for the treatment of several diseases (gout). In addition, different degrees of disease progress require different dosages.

"Butadion" will quickly eliminate pain in the forearm as it has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. The drug is produced in two forms: ointment and tablets. "Butadion" is also recommended for other diagnoses: thrombophlebitis, rheumatism, tendonitis, osteoarthritis, polyarthritis, gout. Again, the methods of application are strictly negotiated with the doctor. As a rule, the doses are:

tablets: 10 - 15 mg 4 - 6 times a day during or after meals. The maximum portion per day is 6 mg;
the ointment is applied, but not rubbed 2-3 times a day.

"Mido-Calm" or "Scutamil-S" is used 20 mg 3 times a day.

Pleskopathy

Disease of the nerve plexuses. The patient may feel sharp and severe pain in the forearm. Neurology highlights other diseases, such as a compressed median nerve in the area of the round pronator.

It is also worth knowing that there are other problems that can provoke pain in the forearm.

myositis,
tendon inflammation,
articular dislocations,
bone fractures,
Osteomyelitis,
Arthritis,
osteoarthritis,
Insufficiency of arterial circulation,
venous thrombosis,
Post-thrombophlebitic syndrome,
"Trapped" syndromes of the forearm,
Damage to nerve fibers
Osteochondrosis and spinal hernia,
Violation of the water-salt balance,
Inflammation of the subcutaneous fat
myocardial infarction,
Gout.

In this section, but a little higher, we said that it is possible to eliminate pain in the forearm with an established diagnosis. But there are moments in life when the test results are not ready or not submitted at all, ultrasound or other computer diagnostics are not performed, and the pain is excruciating. What to do in such cases. Scientific medicine offers several painkillers "Ketanov", "Nise", "Diclofac", "Indomethacin", "Ibuprofen".

In folk medicine, such methods are known that can relieve pain in the forearm:

rub the sore joint at night with this potion:

lilac flowers - 3 tablespoons,
burdock root - 1 tablespoon,
hot pepper - 3 pods,
medical alcohol - 1 l.

All of the listed ingredients are infused for a day, and the product is ready for use.

rub the shoulder joint with ointment every evening:

melted lard - 100 gr,
chopped dry marsh cinquefoil - 3 teaspoons,
St. John's wort - 3 teaspoons,
crushed red pepper - 1 tablespoon.

All components are mixed, and the ointment is ready.

vinegar compress is also effective if you suffer from pain in the forearm. The correct proportions of the compress are as follows: half a liter of water and 1 tablespoon of 9% vinegar. In the resulting solution, a linen cloth is wetted, which is applied to the sore spot. To obtain an analgesic effect, it is necessary to create heat, for example, wear a thick wool sweater or wrap yourself in a wool scarf. This procedure is done at night, and in the morning the applied solution should be thoroughly washed off.

Prevention of pain in the forearm

Based on the foregoing, it can be noted that pain in the forearm can occur for various reasons related to neurology, traumatology, lack of trace elements (calcium), salt deposition, and so on. It is impossible to 100% exclude the likelihood of diseases of any kind, just as one should not forget about heredity, unforeseen circumstances: injuries, infections, and so on. But in some cases, we ourselves are provocateurs for the appearance of a particular disease.

Daily physical education improves blood circulation and prevents stagnation in the joints. But again, too much effort can make things worse. In general, if you use gymnastics for preventive purposes, you should do everything in order, not forgetting about warming up the muscles before starting the exercises (to avoid sprains), and about proper breathing.

Young women of fashion would like to put a belt on one place when they go in severe frost in trousers with a low waist or in a skirt resembling a belt. There is no need to talk about the absence of a headdress at all. Pain in the forearm (and not only) in these cases is guaranteed. How can people not understand that a stiff muscle or nerve can lead to disability!? Clothing for the season should also be attributed to preventive measures.

Each of us at least once in our lives, but did the repair. For some reason, at this moment, we forget that someone will have to move the furniture or take out the boxes. And, as usual, this “someone” is ourselves. And if the load is lifted incorrectly, pain in the forearm may occur, as a result of an unusual load on the shoulder and arm. In this case, you need to be careful not only with respect to the correct taking of the container, but also the calculation of its mass.

Pain in the forearm may prevent a checkup. Often, timely diagnosis prevents a number of probable problems.

Thank you

The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

The forearm is the part of the upper limb from the elbow to the wrist. It is based on the radius and ulna. The muscles responsible for the movements of the hand and fingers are attached to the bones of the forearm behind and in front.

Pain receptors are located in most tissues of the forearm: in the periosteum and muscles, ligaments and tendons, blood vessels, as well as their surrounding tissues. Hence, pain in the forearm may be due to damage to any of the listed structures.

In what situations does pain in the forearm occur?

1. Forearm muscle injury:

inflammatory processes;
physical stress;
muscle spasms and cramps;
stretching;
muscle tears;
compression syndrome;
spontaneous muscle hematoma.

2. Ligaments and tendons of the forearm:

inflammation of the tendons;
diffuse fasciitis.

3. Bone and joint injuries of the forearm:

dislocations;
fractures;
osteomyelitis;
arthritis;
osteoarthritis.

4. Damage to the vessels and nerves of the forearm:

insufficiency of arterial vessels;
venous thrombosis;
post-thrombophlebitic syndrome;
"trapped" syndromes of the forearm;
damage to nerve fibers;
osteochondrosis and hernia of the spine;
plexitis.

5. Other conditions that cause pain in the forearm include:

violations of water-salt balance;
inflammation of the subcutaneous adipose tissue;
pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
gout.

Pain in the forearm of the hand with muscle lesions

Myositis

The main clinical symptom of myositis is local muscle pain. Its intensity increases when the muscle is squeezed, or during its work associated with loads during the execution of movements. This leads to a protective tension in the affected muscle, which increases pain, and may cause limitation of mobility in the elbow joint. In addition, reddening of the skin is noted over the inflamed area. Pain in myositis can appear not only during movement, but also spontaneously - at night, at rest, or due to weather changes.

With the development of the disease, muscle weakness gradually increases, which as a result causes the development of partial or complete atrophy of the muscles of the upper limb.

Physical overvoltage

One of the most common causes of arm pain in the forearm is prolonged or repetitive stress on the muscular apparatus.

Pain with such lesions is first observed just below the elbow, on the outside of the forearm. They are aggravated by movement, turning the forearm, or lifting heavy objects. If the impact of the load does not stop, then the pain begins to spread to the inside of the forearm, as well as down to the hand. Its intensity increases as the muscle damage progresses.

Chronic overstrain of the muscles of the forearm, for example, associated with professional activities, often causes the development of dystrophic processes. This is manifested by pain of a aching nature, which is aggravated by squeezing the fingers into a fist and movements in the wrist joint.

Pain in the shoulder and forearm with muscle spasms (cramps)

A cramp, or spasm, is called involuntary contractions of one muscle, or a whole group of them. More often this pathology occurs in the lower extremities, but sometimes the muscles of the shoulder or forearm can be affected. The cause of this condition lies in various metabolic disorders, circulatory failure in the arm or severe muscle fatigue. chief symptom convulsions are sharp, almost unbearable pain and cramping muscle tension. Such spasms almost always occur suddenly.

Stretching the muscles of the forearm

Forearm strains can occur when you move your arms and hands quickly and forcefully, such as when playing active sports such as tennis. The first pain sensations can appear immediately after unusually high or very sharp muscle loads, for 12-24 hours. The muscles of the forearm look swollen, tense and heavy. Patients complain of soreness, sometimes quite pronounced when palpated. In some cases, swelling is added to the stretch, which is accompanied by an increase in the size of the forearm. Pain and soreness during palpation persist for several days, and sometimes even weeks, aggravated by movement, especially in the wrist joint.

Torn muscles of the forearm

Flexion and extension of the wrist joint are associated, respectively, with contraction and stretching of the muscles of the forearm. If such movements in the joint are performed too abruptly, suddenly and with excessive force, then the result may be a tear in the muscles of the forearm. Typically, such damage captures a small area of \u200b\u200bthe muscle in the area of its connection with the tendon. But in some, especially pronounced cases, there may be enough big gap, and sometimes even total separation of the muscle from the tendon.

Muscle strain is always accompanied by severe sudden pain in the forearm. There is a sensation resembling a direct blow applied to the arm. For some time, the pain may subside, but then it returns, becomes constant, and begins to increase as muscle spasms develop and the hematoma increases.

When feeling the injured forearm, local pain is observed. By touch, sometimes you can determine the swelling caused by hemorrhage. With a total rupture (complete separation of the muscle from the tendon), it is sometimes possible to feel the gap that occurs between the tendon and the muscle. Such injuries are always accompanied by massive edema in the area of the damaged muscle, and a pronounced limitation of range of motion.

Muscle compression syndrome (crash syndrome)

The syndrome of prolonged soft tissue compression is a very serious pathology that develops as a result of strong and / or prolonged pressure on the forearm. A small pain-free period is followed by a massive internal hemorrhage into damaged and crushed muscles. The resulting hematoma compresses the blood vessels and nerve fibers, thereby exacerbating the degree of violations. The forearm becomes hot to the touch, swollen, and severe pain appears in it.

The most serious complication that is possible with this syndrome is irreversible damage to muscle tissue and nerve fibers. In these cases, there is destruction of muscle tissue and functional failure of the muscles (sagging hand). A person loses the ability to bend and unbend the hand and fingers on the hand, which makes it impossible to use the limb normally.

Drawing pain in the forearm with spontaneous muscle hematomas

Occasionally, those receiving anticoagulant therapy may experience sudden bleeding in the muscles of the forearm. They are accompanied by pulling and aching pains, as well as an increase in the size of the forearm. Such hematomas occur without previous trauma, or as a result of the most minor damage.

Pain in the forearm with lesions of the ligaments and tendons

tendon inflammation

Tendonitis, or tendinosis, is a group of inflammatory lesions of the tendons. If the pathology captures not only the ligament itself, but also the membrane surrounding it, then they talk about the development of tendovaginitis. Both of these disorders are accompanied by pain and dysfunction of the upper limb.

Often, tendovaginitis and tendonitis occur at the same time, because they have similar causes. It is quite difficult to distinguish between them, but in most cases there is no such need, since the treatment methods are also virtually identical. Inflammation of the tendon reduces its strength, which creates an increased risk of ruptures.

Symptoms of inflammation of the tendons:

pain during active movements performed with the participation of the affected tendon;
almost painless similar passive movements;
soreness when feeling the inflamed tendon;
local increase in temperature and redness of the skin over the area of the affected tendon;
characteristic crepitus (crunching) during tendon movements.

Aseptic tendovaginitis , that is, not associated with the penetration of infection, occur during heavy monotonous work. In this case, the extensors of the fingers are more often affected, which is manifested by pain in the forearm during finger movements. Crepitating tendovaginitis occurs in polishers, grinders, ironers, carpenters, etc. Burning pain in the forearm is aggravated during work, there is swelling and soreness both in the muscle itself and in the place of its attachment to the bone.

Purulent tendovaginitis are often a complication of phlegmon of the hand or panaritium. They are accompanied by purulent fusion of tissue with breakthroughs of pus into the area between the bones of the forearm (Pirogov's space). In this case, there is a high body temperature, swelling and redness of the skin, as well as a sharp pain in the forearm when palpated. Movement in the fingers of the hand is limited, or completely absent.

Diffuse fasciitis

Diffuse fasciitis is an inflammatory process that affects the connective tissue membrane of the muscles of the forearm. It causes limitation of mobility, appearance pulling pains and reduced force of contractions in the hand and fingers of the affected limb.

Also, this pathology is characterized by a modification of the skin of the affected forearm. There is roughness of the skin and loss of its elasticity. It takes on the appearance of an "orange peel". When feeling such modified skin, it is often possible to determine the presence of small foci of seals.

Pain in the forearm with lesions of the bones and joints of the upper limbs

Articular dislocations

The appearance of dislocations is associated with sprains or ruptures of the ligaments and articular bag. In such cases, one of the bones that form the joint is displaced. Articular surfaces partially (subluxation) or completely (complete dislocation) cease to touch each other. In any case, there are opportunities for disruption of the integrity of the nerves and blood vessels. Such injuries are often found in the elbow or wrist joint, and are necessarily accompanied by the development of pain.

A dislocation is characterized by a change in the appearance of the joint: the displaced head of the bone forms a subcutaneous tubercle next to the joint, and a depression is observed at its normal location. Articular mobility is also sharply limited: severe pain prevents even minor movements. Swelling develops as a result of damage to blood vessels and hemorrhages in the joint capsules.

bone fractures

stress fracture
Stress fracture is the result of constant overload. This pathology occurs in cases where the hand and forearm are subjected to constant stressful physical influences, and gradually lose the ability to compensate for them. Most often, such injuries occur in athletes with violations of the training regimen.

Traumatic fractures
Signs of a fracture of the forearm are divided into two groups:
1. Likely:

pain that increases with any movement;
the presence of swelling and edema in the injured area;
limited mobility of the upper limb;
the presence of subcutaneous hemorrhages.

2. Reliable:

unnatural position of the hand;
its pathological mobility in those areas where there are no joints;
determination of the crunch of rubbing bone fragments;
the presence of visible fragments in open fractures (in such cases, the patient's condition is complicated by bleeding and traumatic shock).

Fractures of the olecranon
They occur more often due to falls on the elbow, blows to the elbow area, or a sharp contraction of the muscle that extends the forearm (triceps). The area of the elbow joint is edematous, deformed, and acquires a bluish tint. The straightened arm of the patient hangs down, and when trying to make movements, a sharp pain occurs in it. If the fracture is associated with the displacement of fragments, then the patient is not able to straighten the forearm on his own.

Fracture of the coronoid process
This injury is often caused by a fall on a bent elbow. Visually determined hematoma and swelling in the cubital fossa. The flexion of the forearm is limited, and in the region of the cubital fossa, when palpated, a sharp pain is determined.

Fracture of the head and neck of the radius
The cause of this defeat is a fall on a straight arm. Slightly below the elbow joint, swelling and soreness appear. The function of flexion of the forearm is limited, and sharp pain occurs when it is rotated outward.

Fracture of the body of the ulna
The most common mechanism for this injury is a direct blow to the forearm. The patient complains of swelling of the forearm, its deformation, the occurrence of sharp pain when touched, loaded or squeezed from the sides of the forearm.

Fracture of the body of the radius
It also occurs with direct blows to the forearm. Symptoms of this injury are deformity and swelling of the forearm, often determined by the mobility of bone fragments. There is a sharp pain when feeling the injury site, or when stressing the arm. Active rotation of the forearm is almost impossible.

Fracture of both bones of the forearm
This is one of the most common injuries. It occurs with direct (strike on the forearm) or indirect injuries (fall on the arm). Almost always, with such fractures, displacement of fragments is observed. Due to the contraction of the connective tissue membrane located between the bones, fragments of the ulna and radius bones approach each other. This causes shortening and deformity of the forearm. The patient usually holds the injured limb with a healthy hand. Also determined by the mobility of fragments and a sharp pain when feeling the area of damage, or under load. Also, pain occurs with lateral compression of the forearm, even away from the fracture itself.

Montage fracture
This is a combined injury that connects a fracture of the ulna and a dislocation of the head of the radius. Often, with such an injury, the branches of the ulnar nerve are also damaged. A similar fracture occurs when falling on a hand, or when hitting a raised and bent forearm. The Montage fracture is characterized by shortening of the damaged forearm, as well as the presence of a protrusion from the side of the radius, and retraction from the side of the ulna. When trying to passively bend the arm, spring resistance is determined.

Galeazzi fracture
Another combined injury, which includes a fracture of the radius in the lower third in combination with a dislocation of the head of the ulna. Most often it is a consequence of a blow to the forearm or a fall on a straight arm. With such a fracture, the head of the ulna is displaced towards the palm, and the fragments of the radius are forward. A protrusion on the forearm from the side of the palm is visually determined, and a notch - from the rear. The head of the ulna, when palpated, is located in the area of the wrist joint on the ulnar side. With some pressure, it can be reduced, but when the pressure stops, it dislocates again.

Fractures of the radius in a "typical location"
This damage is so widespread that even the area of its occurrence has received a "talking" name - "typical place". Most often it affects older women. The causes of such an injury in most cases is a fall on a straightened arm while resting on the palm or, less commonly, on the back of the hand. A bone fracture is localized at a point located 2-3 cm above the wrist joint.

There are extensor and flexion fractures of the radius in a typical location, while the former are more common. Symptoms of this injury are cyanosis, swelling and deformity of the forearm above the wrist joint. When palpating or stressing the arm, there is a sharp pain. If the fracture is accompanied by damage to the branches of the radial and median nerve, then there may be violations of sensitivity and limitation of movements in the fourth finger.

Pain in the left and right forearm with osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is a purulent-necrotic process that develops in the bone, bone marrow and surrounding soft tissues. The reason for its occurrence is the ingestion of microbes that produce pus into the body. Often, osteomyelitis can become a complication of other bone pathologies, especially with open fractures.

Acute osteomyelitis occurs more often in childhood. It begins with a sharp increase in the overall body temperature to 39-40 o C. The patient's condition is rapidly deteriorating, which is explained by the development of massive intoxication of the body. Osteomyelitis is also characterized by the following symptoms:

repeated vomiting;
loss of consciousness and delirium;
sometimes jaundice.

During the first few days, there are quite severe pains in the forearm. The affected limb takes a forced position, as a result of which pain contractures develop. Active movements in the hand are completely absent, and passive ones are severely limited. In addition, soft tissue edema is rapidly increasing. The skin over the lesion acquires a red color, becomes hot and tense, and a pronounced venous pattern can often be noted on it. In the future, inflammation of adjacent joints may join.

With the transition of pathology to chronic form the general condition of the patient improves somewhat, the severity of the pain syndrome decreases, and the pain becomes aching in nature. Signs of intoxication of the body also decrease, body temperature returns to a relative norm. In the area of the lesion, fistulas are formed, producing a mild purulent discharge. Several of these fistulas can form a network of subcutaneous canals, which sometimes open at a fairly significant distance from the pathological focus. Subsequently, immobility of the joints develops, shortening of the affected limb and curvature of its bones.

Arthritis

Arthritis is an acute or chronic inflammatory process in the joint and adjacent tissues. It is characterized by the appearance of pain and a feeling of stiffness in the joint. With arthritis of the shoulder and wrist joints, symmetrical pain syndrome also captures the area of the forearms.

In addition to pain, arthritis is manifested by the following symptoms:

change in the shape of the joint;
limitation of limb mobility;
unnatural crunch in the joint under load;
redness of the skin.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is called degenerative-dystrophic disorders in the joint, which develop as a result of damage to the cartilage tissue on the articular surfaces. In the initial stage, pain occurs only periodically, after intense physical exertion, and quickly disappears at rest. As the degree of impairment progresses, the intensity of pain increases, they cease to disappear after rest, and begin to appear at night.

Also clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis are:

limiting the range of motion of the limb;
morning stiffness;
painful points and seals along the edge of the joint space;
crackling in the joint.

Pain in the forearm with lesions of the nerves and blood vessels

Insufficiency of arterial circulation

Pain in the forearm can be caused by narrowing or blockage of the arteries that supply blood to the upper limbs. The main cause of such lesions of the arterial vessels of the hands are deposits of calcium, cholesterol and other substances on their inner wall. This process is called atherosclerosis. Such diseases are more likely to affect the vessels of the lower extremities, but in some cases, atherosclerotic changes can also be observed in small vessels of the forearms.

The narrowing of the lumen in the vessel leads to a decrease in the amount of blood flowing to the muscles of the forearms and hand, which is manifested by a gradually increasing pain syndrome. It becomes most pronounced during physical exertion. At the same time, at rest, the level of blood supply can be maintained. With acute blockage of the arteries, pain occurs suddenly, and may increase with palpation of the forearm.

Chronic arterial insufficiency is characterized by the following manifestations:

cold and pale limb, especially the hand and fingers;
the pulse is very poorly felt;
decreased muscle strength in the arms;
numbness and impaired sensitivity in the upper limbs;
the appearance of slowly healing ulcers on the skin.

Venous thrombosis

This pathology is caused by blockage of the veins with the appearance of an obstacle to normal blood flow, and inflammation of the walls of the vessels along with the tissues surrounding them. The most common clinical signs of venous thrombosis are forearm pain, pain on palpation, and edema.

Pain in venous thrombosis has no characteristic features. They can be aching or convulsive, sharp or dull, strong or moderate. Often the pain is aggravated by lifting weights and other active actions with the hand. And it decreases when you raise your hand up.

The most dangerous complication of upper extremity vein thrombosis is the detachment of a blood clot from the vessel wall and its entry with the blood flow into the lungs, brain or heart.

Post-thrombophlebitic syndrome

Postthrombophlebitic syndrome is a complex of symptoms that combines various disorders in the limbs that occur after venous thrombosis. For a long time, patients with post-thrombophlebitic syndrome have noted pain and swelling in the forearm, which appear after prolonged arm strain or physical exertion. Some patients complain of paroxysmal intensification of these symptoms, which is combined with pain in the forearm when palpated, and with soft tissue hardening. Just like with thrombosis, pain subsides when you raise your hand up.

Trapped Forearm Syndromes

Under this name, pain in the forearm is combined, resulting from compression of the ulnar, radial, median and cutaneous nerves of the upper extremities. With neurogenic pain, there is no increase in the size of the limb, and the pain itself appears suddenly, and increases with movements that are associated with stretching of the affected nerve.

Pain in the forearm with cubital tunnel syndrome
Cubital canal syndrome is a pathology caused by compression of the ulnar nerve in the ulnar (cubital) canal. The narrowing of this channel occurs due to microtrauma of the articular bones, or due to the individual characteristics of the anatomical structure in this area.

The main symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome are elbow pain, combined with numbness and / or tingling of the skin. In the initial stage of the pathology, pain sensations are noted only on the inner surface of the elbow joint. In addition, sensory disturbances and pain may radiate down to the forearm, and even to the hand - to the little finger and fourth finger. In the early stages of the disease, pain is noted only when pressing on the elbow, or when it is in a bent state for a long time. With the progression of the pathology, pain and sensory disturbances in the elbow and forearm become permanent.

Another sign of cubital tunnel syndrome is weakness in the affected limb. Patients complain about the loss of "confidence" in the hand: suddenly, objects spontaneously begin to fall out of it when performing habitual actions. With a long course of the disease, the forearm and hand on the affected arm lose weight, and clearly visible pits form between the bones, as a consequence of muscle atrophy.

Pain in the forearm with carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal syndrome manifests itself in infringement, compression and swelling of the median nerve of the forearm as a result of its compression in the anatomically narrow spaces of the wrist between the bone and muscle tendons. This pathology is also called tunnel (carpal) syndrome. This violation is often observed against the background of serious hormonal and endocrine changes in the body:

diabetes etc.

The disease begins with numbness, tingling, burning and pain in the middle, index and thumb, as well as in the palm. Often, pain sensations spread up the arm, to the forearm, sometimes even reaching the back of the head. The pain occurs mainly at night or in the morning. Gradually, the pain syndrome turns into a pronounced decrease in the sensitivity of the skin of the forearm, fingers and palms. Shaking and massaging the brush brings relief only at first. In the morning, patients complain of a feeling of swelling of the hand, as well as difficulty in fine finger movements for several hours after waking up.

In addition, the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome may be due to working conditions. Previously, this pathology was widespread among typists, but in the modern world, people who work at a computer for a long time are often affected by it. Constant static loads on the same muscle group, as well as an uncomfortable position of the hands when working with a keyboard or mouse, cause a pinched nerve.

Damage to nerve fibers

Neuritis of the ulnar nerve
The cause of pain in the forearm can be inflammation of the ulnar nerve. The pain in this case is aching, monotonous in nature, and is often accompanied by numbness of the fingers and sensitivity disorders.

This disease often occurs with injuries of the upper limb, compression of the ulnar nerve in anatomically narrow areas, its friction against bone formations (valgus elbow), after hypothermia, etc. In addition to pain, patients often complain of awkwardness when moving in the hand. Gradually, weakness of the small carpal muscles, which are innervated by the ulnar nerve, progresses.

Radial neuritis
The radial nerve is also in most cases affected precisely in the area of the elbow joint. His injury is associated with the occurrence of epicondylitis ("tennis elbow"), which usually develops as a result of overstrain of the muscles of the hand and forearm. The first symptom of inflammation of the radial nerve is a sharp pain on the outer surface of the elbow joint. In the case of damage to the superficial branches of the radial nerve, pain occurs both in the elbow region and in the forearm. With repeated injuries and ongoing physical exertion on the arm, the pain becomes constant. At rest, it has a less pronounced intensity, and is aching in nature.

Polyneuropathies
Polyneuropathy refers to multiple disorders in the peripheral nerves, which are manifested by flaccid paralysis of the muscles of the forearm, violations of its sensitivity and vascular disorders.

The development of this pathology is most often associated with serious systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. In addition, pain in neuropathies of the forearm is typical for patients who abuse smoking.

Osteochondrosis and hernia of the spine

Quite often, pain in the forearm is reflected, and its source is damaged segments of the cervical and thoracic spine. Such reflected pain will not be accompanied by visual manifestations in the form of changes in the appearance of the forearm. In addition, in such cases, the mobility of the elbow and wrist joints is preserved in full.

The main differences between such pains are in their nature:
1. Firstly, the pain provoked by injuries of the spine, disturbs the patient not only with the movements of the hand, but also at rest, and sometimes even able to wake up at night.
2. Secondly, pain sensations are noted not strictly in the forearm, but spread into it from the upper limbs, shoulder blades or neck, as if penetrating the entire arm.

The reason for such pain lies in the infringement of the nerve fibers emerging from the spinal column with intervertebral hernia or osteochondrosis. In order for pain to radiate down the arm to the forearm, the spinal lesion must
located in the fifth or sixth cervical, or the first or second thoracic vertebrae.

In addition to pain, these diseases manifest themselves as follows:

violation of flexion at the elbow;
changes in skin sensitivity on the surface of the forearm;
development of atrophy of the biceps brachii.

Plexit

Plexitis is an inflammation of the brachial plexus common cause which is trauma. Clinically, this disease is manifested by motor and sensory disorders of the upper limb, as well as malnutrition of tissues. Lesions of the brachial plexus are complete and partial, in which only certain branches of the nerves are damaged. In addition, plexitis can be both unilateral and bilateral.

In the development of plexitis, two stages are distinguished - neuralgic and paralytic. The first is characterized by the occurrence of spontaneous pain, aggravated by movements in the shoulder joint or squeezing of the plexus, and spread lower - to the shoulder and forearm. In the paralytic stage, peripheral paresis and paralysis of those muscles that are innervated by the branches of the affected plexus begin to develop. In addition, deep reflexes of the upper limb are reduced, and all types of its sensitivity are disturbed. The nutrition of tissues in the affected area suffers. This is manifested by swelling of the hand, vascular disorders in it, etc.

Other Conditions Causing Forearm Pain

Violation of the water-salt balance

Pain in the forearm can be caused by a decrease in the content of certain mineral salts in the blood. A similar condition occurs with prolonged use of diuretics, diarrhea or profuse vomiting, which cause dehydration.

The main sign of a violation of the water-salt balance is a constant feeling of thirst and multiple edema. In addition, there is a decrease in blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances and spontaneous heart palpitations.

Inflammation of the subcutaneous fat

Cellulite- this is an acute diffuse purulent inflammation of the subcutaneous fatty tissue. The occurrence of this pathology is associated with the ingress of pathogenic microorganisms into fatty tissue through damaged skin. In addition to pain in the forearm, cellulite is also manifested by a sharp increase in body temperature, the appearance of severe general weakness and other symptoms of intoxication of the body.
panniculitis- recurring inflammation of the subcutaneous adipose tissue, which has a nodular character. With this disease, painful rounded nodes are formed in fatty tissue, which then quickly increase in size up to 3-4 cm. The skin of the forearm above them is red and swollen. Such rashes are usually multiple in nature, and with a close arrangement are able to merge.

Nodes exist for from 1-2 weeks to several months, and sometimes even years. After disappearance, small depressions remain in their place, as well as atrophied and darkened skin. In addition, disintegration or opening of such nodes is possible. In this case, a small amount of oily fluid is released, and then slowly healing ulcers form.

In addition to the above symptoms, panniculitis is accompanied by:

weakness;
fever;
malaise;
nausea and vomiting;

myocardial infarction

Pain in the forearm can be caused by pathologies of the cardiovascular system, in particular such an acute disease as myocardial infarction. A sign of this pathology is severe pain, which is localized mainly behind the sternum. But quite often it also spreads to the neck, abdomen, left shoulder blade or arm, up to the forearm, and sometimes even lower - to the fingers of the hand.
in the blood plasma and the deposition of its salts, the so-called urates, on the surface of the joints. With lesions of the elbow and wrist joint, patients complain of burning, excruciating pain that spreads in the forearm.

A typical gouty attack begins with pain in the joints of the big toe. With the progression of the disease, more and more new joints are involved in the pathological process, which leads to the development of polyarthritis. Gouty attacks begin mainly at night, and proceed with rapid redness and an increase in the temperature of the skin around the affected joint. In addition, its soreness and swelling sharply increase. Inflammation gradually captures soft tissues, which is manifested by the clinical picture of cellulite or phlebitis. In especially severe cases, an attack of gout is accompanied by an increase in overall body temperature. The duration of a gouty attack ranges from several days to several weeks. After its completion and the disappearance of symptoms, the affected joints return to their normal form.

A characteristic symptom of gout is the appearance of tophi, foci of pathological compaction of the subcutaneous tissue. Most often, these nodules are localized in the following places:

surfaces of the affected joints;
auricles;
extensor surface of the forearms, legs or thighs;
Achilles tendons.

Treatment of pain in the forearm

If you experience pain in the forearm without obvious reasons, such as physical overwork or increased stress, you should in any case consult a doctor. Only a qualified specialist can conduct an examination, accurately diagnose and prescribe adequate treatment. For pain in the forearm, you need to visit a traumatologist or neurologist. Before use, you should consult with a specialist.

Complaints about pain in the right shoulder can be heard from every second patient who seeks advice and specialized medical care from the attending physician. The source of such pain is a lot of reasons, such as an inflammatory process in the tendons, the muscle corset of the articular structure of a post-traumatic nature or after increased physical exertion. As well as inflammatory and destructive changes in the periosteal cartilage layer with pathological deformities of synovial bags plus damage to the secretory function of the fluid that lubricates the intraarticular space.

Damage to cartilage and articular capsules leads to arthrosis and arthritis of the shoulder joint, but in addition to direct pathologies that cause pain, other systemic or organ diseases such as cervical osteochondrosis, pericarditis, myocardial infarction, lung disease (tuberculosis, abscess) or collarbone injury may be involved . To stop many life-long complications, all people, without exception, need to arm themselves with information: the right shoulder of the arm hurts: causes, signs of illness, treatment.

Factors leading to pain syndrome of the right shoulder joint with partial or complete disruption of the biomechanical process can be divided into two types: direct and indirect action. TO direct type include the following reasons:

Tendovaginitis, which is accompanied by inflammation of the ligamentous apparatus (tendons) with the involvement of synovial bags. The tendon plexus becomes inflamed after heavy physical exertion, carrying weights, playing sports.
Myositis: Inflammation of the muscles and muscle fascia after injury, excessive bodybuilding.
Joint injuries: bruises, fractures, cracks, open + closed, compression injuries, burns.
Periarthritis involving periarticular components: muscles, tendons, synovial capsules plus the periosteal cartilage layer.
Bursitis: post-infectious or post-traumatic inflammation of the synovial capsule.
Arthrosis-arthritis: this pathology develops after a hormonal imbalance of estrogens and androgens, infectious and inflammatory reactions of the microbial or allergenic type, as well as as a result of immune + endocrine pathologies.
Deforming arthrosis: destruction of the joint, which is caused by age-related changes with metabolic disorders, the ability to regenerate cartilage cells and produce synovial fluid.

By the way! One of the causes of pain in the shoulder joint is a dislocation. This type shoulder joint injury is dangerous due to the transition to a habitual dislocation, which can develop under any circumstances as sudden movements when throwing objects, physical activity with weight lifting, and also during sleep, when the articular structure is completely relaxed.

Secondary causes leading to pain in the right shoulder joint are:

Diseases of the cardiovascular system: angina pectoris, cardiovascular insufficiency, pericarditis, myocarditis, aortic disease, myocardial infarction.
Osteochondrosis of the cervical vertebrae: pain radiates to the right hand.
Cervical sciatica: inflammation of the nerve roots, is the cause of pain in the right limb.
Endocrine diseases of the endocrine glands: diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis, Basedow's disease, diffuse toxic goiter, hypothyroidism.
Diseases of the central nervous system: ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
Oncological diseases: leukemia, lymphosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, metastases.
Somatic pathologies of microbial and viral type: tuberculosis, syphilis, salmonellosis, cytoplasmosis, toxoplasmosis, anemia.
Acute respiratory pathologies of viral, microbial, allergic etiology.
Infectious diseases of the liver (hepatitis), kidneys (gout), sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, syphilis).
HIV infection.
Intoxication with pesticides and heavy metals.

When the main factor is eliminated, the pain disappears, the joint acquires the former functionality of biomechanical movements: raising the arm up / down, forward / backward, rotational movements. If the anatomical design of the joint is broken, after drug treatment with the elimination of the inflammatory process, biomechanics can only be restored surgically.

Causes of shoulder and neck pain

The clinical picture of pain in the right shoulder joint is accompanied by irradiation to neighboring areas. The cervical region is an area often involved in the pain reaction when the joint of the right hymen is damaged, which can be caused by pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, chronic diseases, as well as complications after an infectious viral reaction.

List of causes of pain in the right shoulder joint and cervical region:

Pathologies	Symptoms
Inflammation of the tendons of the muscular corset of the right shoulder joint (tendinitis + tendovaginitis)	Pathology affects young people from 16 to 28 years. This risk group includes patients aged 30-40 years, that is, people who are physically active. Athletes, loaders, electricians + assemblers often get tendonitis due to large and prolonged loads on the joint. Pain in tenditis can be sharp, aching, or with variable aggravations, as well as permanent or temporary. At rest, the hand does not hurt, with the slightest movements, the pain increases sharply or gradually. Motor function is partially or completely limited, it all depends on the degree of inflammation.
Arthritis	Inflammation of articuldtio humeri occurs acutely after injury or metabolic disorders, intoxication. Symptoms are manifested by swelling, redness, pain + limitation of motor function. Pain radiates to the neck, chest + internal organs. This pain is characterized by persistence. Raises often general temperature body up to 38-40 degrees. A microbial infection can be involved in the process, such a situation can occur with reduced immunity plus with chronic systemic diseases. After the cause is eliminated, the pain disappears, and functionality is restored in whole or in part.
Inflammation of synovial capsules (bursitis)	The list of causes is identical to arthritis. The clinical picture is completely similar to inflammation of articuldtio humeri with irradiation to the cervical spine. The only difference is the method of treatment: medical + surgical (puncture of the bag, stress during suppuration / destruction).
Shoulder-shoulder periarthritis	Tramatism, hypothermia, heavy loads - lead to damage to the humeral joint. This pathology affects patients from 55 years of age and above. Shoulder-shoulder periarthritis is characterized by an acute course with pain during arm movement, plus partial paralysis of motor function, as well as pain in the neck. The anatomical shape of the joint is preserved, there is no edema, the general condition of the patients is satisfactory. On palpation of the lesion site, the patient responds with an acute reaction to pain.
Arthrosis	The risk group for this pathology are elderly patients who have disrupted the hormonal system (especially sex hormones) + the metabolic process responsible for organ trophism. This group also includes younger people whose professional orientation is associated with the constant exploitation of articuldtio humeri. It is joined by surgeons, bakers, assistant secretaries, swimmers, wood carvers, blacksmiths, painters, and plasterers. Pathology is divided into three degrees: I, II - III. The first degree does not have any special changes in the design of the joint, that is, the cartilaginous plate completely covers the bones of the joint, but is thinned, there are no osteophytes. The ligamentous apparatus firmly holds the articular structure. Neck pain is minor. With the progression of the disease, the cartilage wears out, many pointed osteophytes appear, tendons, muscles + synovial bags become inflamed, pain in the neck intensifies during this period. The functionality of the joint is paralyzed up to ankylosis, the anatomical form is completely lost. Treatment - medical + surgical.
Injuries	After mechanical action on the articuldtio humeri, acute pains arise, which gradually subside. The load on the joint leads to an exacerbation of the pain syndrome radiating to the neck. Night rest eliminates pain, restoring the functionality of the locomotor organ.
Osteochondrosis	The symptoms are the same as arthritis. There is crunching, neck pains, difficult head movements and articuldtio humeri.
Oncological pathologies	Malignant tumors of internal organs, blood + endocrine glands metastasize in the bone marrow and bones. Chondrosarcoma has a special localization - the shoulder joint. The pain syndrome is constant, has a high degree of sensation, gives to the neck, shoulder, back. The immobilization of the joint occurs within a few weeks. The patient quickly loses weight due to severe intoxication, which leads to death. For tumors of the first and second degree (without metastases) after chemotherapy, radiation or surgery to remove the tumor, the prognosis is good. The last stage is rarely treatable.
Tuberculous infection of the shoulder joint	The pain in the shoulder joint and neck is dull, gradually increasing at night. Constant temperature, severe sweating, weight loss. Treatment exclusively in a tuberculosis dispensary under the supervision of a phthisiatrician and an arthrologist.

The prognostic data of the pathology of articuldtio humeri dexter pain completely depends on timely treatment with an individual approach to each case. The earlier the diagnosis and treatment is carried out, the higher the probability of the final elimination of the disease plus the preservation of the functionality of the organ.

Why does my shoulder hurt when I raise my arm up?

The anatomical structure of the articuldtio humeri includes several bones - the head of the humerus, the clavicle and the glenoid cavity of the scapula. These bones plus a plexus of ligaments and muscles form a strong ball-and-socket joint. The cartilaginous roller of the glenoid cavity, as well as the periosteal cartilaginous plates, ligaments plus synovial bags give the motor organ multifunctionality, shock-absorbing effects and stability. The muscular corset works as a complex as a rotational cuff.

The joint is fed from the axillary artery + vein, its ramification. Innervation is carried out by the nerves of the brachial plexus, which start from the neck, and penetrate under the armpits, then go towards the collarbone. Inflammation of the right shoulder joint of any etiology triggers a pathological mechanism in the form of swelling, pain, and restriction of movement. Since the inflammation is very close to the large nerves, the pain syndrome is acute, covering the back, neck, and chest. It is almost impossible to raise your hand up during a pathological reaction to inflammation, the humerus strongly presses on the brachial plexus, so unbearable pain occurs.

Important! If the pain of the articulation of the right hand is mechanical in nature, that is, caused by an injury, an ambulance should be urgently called. In the case when the bruise is small, and the pain does not go away within 24 hours, immediately go to the clinic, otherwise there may be many complications such as: bursitis, tendinitis, hematomas with a breakthrough in the chest or nerve compression with further paralysis of the arm.

Which doctors should I contact if there is pain in the right shoulder?

If pain occurs in the right shoulder or arm, you should immediately go to the clinic to the attending physician, who, after examination, will refer you to one of the specialists: arthrologist, traumatologist, surgeon, oncologist or cardiologist + infectious disease specialist. The appointment of diagnostic investments such as laboratory and instrumental studies will help in making the correct diagnosis with finding out the main cause leading to pain in the shoulder joint.

Diagnostic methods

Clarification of the diagnosis is based on laboratory/instrumental studies. Each case is investigated differently, that is, with an individual approach to each patient.

To clarify the diagnosis is performed:

Blood and urine tests (general + biochemical).
Identification of the rheumatoid agent.
Radiography of the shoulder joint in three projections.
CT and MRI articuldtio humeri dexter for the study of bone tissue, ligaments and muscles.
For more complex patients, computed tomography is recommended.

Important! All patients diagnosed with arthrosis need a consultation with an orthopedic traumatologist, and to exclude other pathologies, they need to go through such narrow specialists as: a rheumatologist, endocrinologist, hematologist, oncologist, gynecologist.

Shoulder hurts: how and what to treat?

Treatment of pain in the shoulder joint of the right hand is carried out depending on the identified cause. The treatment regimen consists of medications, surgery, traditional medicine, physiotherapy and massage.

Medicines

After a correct diagnosis, patients are assigned individual drug treatment regimens. Each case is treated according to the cause of the disease.

Therapeutic therapy for:

Arthrosis and inflammation of the tendons:

Pain relievers: Analgin, Baralgin, Morphine for severe pain.
NSAIDs: Diclofenac Sodium, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Movalis, Voltaren (tablets or injections).
Means that eliminate muscle spasms: No-Shpa, Spazmalgon, Papaverine.
Chondrocyte correctors: Chondrolone, Chondroxide, Chondrotin + Glucosamine.
Vitamin therapy: B12, B1, B6, A, D, PP.
Desensitizing type medications: Tavegil, Suprastin, Diphenhydramine.
Massage + exercise therapy.

Bursitis, infectious arthritis antibiotics are added to the specified scheme;
Osteochondrosis to the indicated therapy for arthritis, hormonal correction of sex hormones, a surgical operation is used.
For tuberculosis of the shoulder, a course of Tubazid and Ftivazid is recommended.
Chondrosarcoma: antitumor therapy (radiation, chemotherapy) or surgical treatment.

The drug treatment regimen is assigned to each patient purely individually, depending on medical indications and contraindications, as well as depending on concomitant pathologies and general condition sick.

Folk remedies

The recipes of ancient healers help me qualitatively even in our time, if they are used in parallel with drug therapy, healing is guaranteed.

Massage

Certain massage movements in parallel with the use of anti-inflammatory ointments, gels or rubbing in one session lasting one or one and a half months will relieve patients with shoulder joint pathology from inflammation and pain, restoring fully or partially the motor function of the locomotor organ. Massage procedures improve trophic processes, increasing blood supply and improving innervation. Nutrients and good innervation help in the regeneration of affected tissues, renewing them with new and healthy cells.

Other treatments

Very effective in the treatment process is the local application of ungvents, gels, plus herbal rubbing, compresses. Physiotherapy, along with drug therapy, creates a quick + lasting result of restoring a physiological and motor character.

Ointments plus other topical treatments

Local treatment has a direct effect, since. gels + ointments are in direct contact with inflamed tissues. Their penetration through the skin is instantaneous, they are quickly absorbed, reaching the lesion. The most effective ointments / gels of the latest generation: Fastum Gel, Klafen, Nizamid, Feloran, Lioton Gel, Indomethacin. Of the chondroprotectors, it is recommended: Chondroxide, Sustavit + Zhivokost.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy eliminates muscle spasms, tissue inflammation, shortening the acute phase of the disease. In case of pain syndrome of the shoulder joint, laser therapy, magnetic-polar effect + UHF is recommended. Electrophoresis with Dimexidone, Trimecaine or Novocaine - improve trophic processes and joint functionality. For 10 procedures, the diseased joint will return to its former strength.

How to prevent aggravation of the disease?

In order to prevent the pathology of the shoulder joint, there are a number of preventive measures. They are effective keys to eliminate the threat of the development of pathology, plus these methods will quickly stop the pathology at its early stage.

A set of events:

A healthy diet without fat, excessive consumption of sugar, salt, pickles + smoked meats. Adding jelly dishes to the menu.
Reduce physical exhaustion.
He takes every movement seriously, avoiding injuries.
Do morning exercises, run + swim.
Eat Ca, K, magnesium, vitamins B, C and D.
Do not abuse alcohol and nicotine.
Every mechanical injury should be examined by a doctor.

Enjoys success among preventive measures body massage. It enhances the nutrition of the joints, strengthens the muscular corset, improves immunity.

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