Two different ways to start moving on "mechanics. How to learn to smoothly release the clutch

There is tons of information on the Internet about how to start from a low start correctly. Detailed video tutorials and entire Ph.D. dissertations on the topic. But there is very little information about how to start from a high start correctly.

Working as a coach, I often encounter the fact that my students cannot fulfill the standard for sprinting, not because they do not have enough strength, but because they spend too much time on starting acceleration, losing up to one and a half seconds in this component.

Therefore, today I will tell you the main features of a high start. I want to note that this technique is suitable for running short distances. When the body position remains the same as described in the article, but the starting movements will be somewhat different.

Correct body position.

The first mistake beginner runners make when starting from a high start is choosing the wrong body and leg position.

In the photo you see the start of the race at. The most correct position at a high start was taken by the extreme left athlete.

First, the body and shoulders should be directed in the direction of movement. A common mistake when the body is located sideways. This makes you waste time spinning the hull during the start.

Secondly, one arm should be in front in a bent state, and the other should be pulled back in almost upright position. This will give additional explosive power, namely during the start, quickly thrown out hands will also help to accelerate the body. And do not confuse, if you have a jogging leg on the left, then left hand should be wound behind the body, and the right one will be bent in front of the body and vice versa.

Thirdly, do not confuse your legs. When you approach the track, you push the leg that is the push leg forward by inertia. Therefore, obey your inner feelings. If you switch legs and end up with the take-off leg behind, this will also result in wasted seconds at the start. Any person has an imbalance in the development of the limbs. Always one leg or arm is slightly stronger than the other. This must be used. Therefore, there is a concept - push leg.

Fourth, you need to make a slight tilt forward. This is a kind of imitation of a low start. This will help to carry the hip more strongly at the start.

Start of movement at a high start

The most important thing is to correctly use the correct position of the body. Because even in this position, without knowing the features of the start, you can start running incorrectly.

It is necessary to bring the thigh of the hind leg forward as soon as possible and quickly. In general, in fact, a sprint is a forward movement with the subsequent setting of the foot on the foot. The faster you reach your hip, the faster you run. And this should be done especially at the start in order to accelerate your body from zero speed.
The supporting push leg should push off as strongly as possible and at a certain moment should fully straighten.

The photo below shows the phase when the athlete has already pushed off and brought the hip forward. That is, the leg that this moment he is in front, at the start was behind. The supporting leg, which is now behind, as you can see, is fully extended. No need to think about this straightening. But you need to push off so that she straightens up. This is done automatically.

What NOT to do when starting

You don't have to shorten your steps. The more and further you reach the hip, the better. You can’t do this while running, as in this case there is a chance that you will put your foot in front of you, and not under you. And by doing so, slow down. But during the start, when your body is tilted forward and with all your desire to take the hip further than the body is, you will not be able to. Thus, at the start, take out the hip as much as possible.
Sleep. And I'm not talking about a late start. The main thing is to explode from the very first seconds. Not infrequently I came across the fact that instead of giving all the best to to the fullest, some runners try to save energy for acceleration. This is completely stupid. For overclocking, you need to spend all the forces that you only have.
Don't put your back foot too far or too close. One and a half feet between the legs is enough. A leg too far apart will slow down the reach of the hip. And if you put it too close, you won’t be able to push off normally.

Try to work out the start. Go out to the stadium and run 10-15 meters, practicing the start. Until you bring it to full understanding. It often happens that a person tries to improve his physical qualities in order to pass the standard. And all that is enough for him is to start.
To improve your results in middle and long distance running, you need to know the basics of running, such as proper breathing, technique, warm-up, the ability to make the right eyeliner for the day of the competition, perform the correct strength work for running, and others. For the readers of the site, video tutorials are completely free . To get them, just subscribe to the newsletter, and in a few seconds you will receive the first lesson in a series about the basics of proper breathing while running. Subscribe here: . These lessons have already helped thousands of people, and they will help you too.

The most difficult element of driving for novice motorists is the start. Many of them think that they know how and know how to get under way. But their first solo trip ends immediately after shifting into gear and pressing the accelerator.

Is it difficult?

It would seem that it could be easier than starting a car. In practice, it turns out that this is much more difficult. It is especially difficult to get under way in a car for those drivers who have recently received their rights or are just learning.

Experienced motorists remember how difficult it is to learn how to start quickly and correctly on city roads. Moreover, knowledge here is secondary. Success in this depends more on the psychological readiness of the beginner for this.

The road and transport conditions of the city are fundamentally different from the usual highway, on which the newly-minted motorist has to get under way by car only once or twice during the entire journey. And in the urban road "jungle" with many intersections, you have to stop and start again many times more. And only after several weeks or months of driving on city roads, the driver gains confidence in his abilities and skills. And at first, many of them get lost in difficult situations and, due to excitement, forget how to get under way.

But still, for the right start, it is important to know well theoretical part, order and sequence of all actions. As well as structural features and principles of operation of different.

What's going on inside the box

For many, it will be easier to comprehend the “elements” of a successful start in a car if you understand what is happening inside the transmission as a result of their actions (pressing the clutch pedal, shifting gears). Therefore, consider its structure and principle of operation.

To shift gears in a manual transmission, a clutch foot lever is used. In an automatic transmission, the torque converter is responsible for this. In automatic transmission, the transition between steps occurs automatically. And in the "mechanics" to change gears, the driver needs to squeeze not only the clutch, but also "toss" the gear lever.

The transition to another speed occurs due to a change in the gear ratio of the motor revolutions, which are reported to the wheels. Gear shifting affects the speed of movement of the car due to the gear system in the manual transmission and with the help of the planetary gear set in the automatic transmission. The transition between transmission speeds itself occurs with the help of friction clutches and a brake band (“automatic”). In a mechanical box, the movement of speeds is carried out between two gear wheels. The difference in the position of the lever between them corresponds to a step down or step up. You need to get under way on the mechanics from the lowest gear (1st).

The correct start of the car on the "mechanics"

The procedure for starting a car on a manual transmission:

With the clutch foot lever and accelerator depressed, turn the ignition key.
The clutch is squeezed out before the car factory for the purpose of reinsurance. Sometimes the driver forgets to put the box in neutral. If you start the car with the gear engaged and the clutch not depressed, the car will jerk forward and stall.
Set the speed lever to the desired gear. The clutch must be kept pressed, and the accelerator (if the car does not stall) can be released.
IN winter conditions, in severe frost, it may be necessary to warm up the engine before starting. Then, so that the car does not stall, the accelerator should be held slightly pressed for a while. If you need to start moving without warming up, then you should not accelerate the car immediately to high speed performance. You need to let the engine warm up on the go, at low speeds.
To get under way on the "mechanics" correctly, you should evenly release the clutch lever and press on the accelerator pedal.

The force and speed of pressing the accelerator and releasing the clutch are individual for each car. Therefore, it is recommended to practice the correct start on your car not only for beginners, but also for experienced drivers who have recently purchased their car.

Proper start on the "machine"

Starting on is much easier than on the "mechanics". But there are a few "interface" features to be aware of.

The structure of the classic "machine" also includes a gearshift lever. Unlike the MCP, the name and purpose of the steps differ:

lever in position P - parking step;
R - reverse gear is turned on;
N - inclusion of the neutral stage;
D - the beginning of the movement.

As you can see from the listing possible provisions gear lever, stage D is used to start the car and subsequent movement. Now let's consider the algorithm of how to move off in a car equipped with automatic transmission:

we start the car;
depress the brake pedal;
move the "automatic" lever from position P to position D;
release the brake pedal;
press the gas.

As in the case of "mechanics", "automatic" also requires getting used to yourself. The speed of automatic transmission also varies depending on the model and manufacturer of the car. Therefore, before leaving on a busy freeway, you need to get to know the car better and get used to its “manner” of driving a little.

The most difficult element of driving is starting the car on a slope. To learn how to start from an incline, you need a lot of skill and practical experience. This element of driving can cause difficulty even for professional motorists.

It is especially difficult to get under way from a slope on a car equipped with a manual transmission. There are two main ways to start uphill. Let's consider each of them separately.

Uphill on the "mechanics" using the handbrake

Mastering this method requires more time for practice. So get ready for a long practice session.

A serious test for any beginner can be stopping on a slope.. After the vehicle has slowed down, fix its position with (parking brake). A car with the engine turned off can additionally be stopped using the included transmission of the box. For short-term parking of the car on a mountainous section of the road that does not require turning off the engine (traffic jam, traffic light), a handbrake is used.

To move uphill with a handbrake, you need to perform the following steps:

Let's hit the clutch. At the same time, we set the box handle to the lower step.
Immediately before the very beginning of the movement, we repeat the procedure as in a normal start: we gradually depress the clutch and press the accelerator pedal. At the same time, we lower the handbrake lever, but leave its button pressed.
At the moment when you feel that the car has leaned forward on the hill, and only the parking brake holds it, release the handbrake button.

It is important when starting the car from the handbrake uphill by pressing the gas pedal to transfer the desired power indicator to the wheels. The torque should be slightly more than when starting on a flat road surface. Powerful so that the car can overcome the force of the lift. But not so much that he immediately after the start.

Uphill without a handbrake

This way of “conquering” the slide is better suited for drivers who already have decent driving experience and are well aware of the habits of their “metal horse”. It is preferable for short-term car stops at signs and traffic lights.

To get under way on the "mechanics" without a handbrake on the rise, you need to do the following:

holding the brake pedal with the left foot, press the clutch with the right;
we translate the gearshift lever to the lowest step.

The main thing in this method is to catch the moment when the clutch system starts its work. All its elements interlock with each other and the wheels are transmitted torque from the engine speed. If you do not squeeze the accelerator, then the car will be held in place by the clutch;

release the brake lever;
gradually depress the clutch and increase the pressure on the accelerator.

Results

The article gives only the theoretical basics of how to get under way on different road sections and cars with different transmission options. Now it is important to fix all this in practical conditions. At first, it is better to use not very busy sections of the track or country roads for classes. And only then go to the city. And when you become experienced drivers, do not forget to show patience and condescension on the roads to novice motorists. After all, you, too, were such beginners with no experience and did not know how to get under way in a car.

How to start correctly? If we are talking about “mechanics”, once again the novice driver will be told that there are two ways: “civilian” and “sports”. It seems that if you start only in a “civilian” way, you can save traction, but the second version of the maneuver helps to accelerate faster. Usually, how to quickly move off is told like this: you need to bring the engine to a speed equal to 3000-4000 rpm, and start releasing the clutch. But anyone who has been behind the wheel of a real car knows that keeping the revs at the same level is almost impossible. It seems that most good advice comes from theorists, not based on real experience driving.

As taught in any driving school

A quick start on the "mechanics", sports acceleration - all this is an element of extreme driving. In driving schools, their study is reasonably left for later. First, the driver must learn to move off, as provided by the car's designers. This maneuvering technique is standard, and its use does not lead to a reduction in the service life of any components or parts of the car.

So, let's say that at the moment the neutral gear is engaged and the handbrake is applied, and the engine is running. Then, in order to start smoothly and without jerks, you need to follow these steps step by step:

Having pressed the “brake” with the right foot, we squeeze the “clutch” all the way with the left;
We turn on the first gear, release the "handbrake";
We very carefully release the clutch pedal - the moment will come when the discs will engage. At the same time, the car can remain in place, but the tachometer needle will definitely twitch;
The right foot must be moved to the gas pedal in order to smoothly add speed, and the clutch must remain at the "grasping point" ... And we will see, lo and behold, that the car is already moving forward, and then you need to gradually release the clutch pedal, and that's it.

As you can see, nothing complicated. Here is a list of common mistakes:

Jerk - the "clutch" was released too abruptly ("thrown", as experts say);
The engine stalled - the “clutch” was released before the engine gained the required speed;
The roar of the engine - when they press on the clutch pedal and on the "gas" at the same time.

No one has yet been able to master the driving technique discussed above from the first time. But if during the learning process the driver comes to the conclusion that the mechanics are too complicated, then the cause may be malfunctions or malfunctions of the vehicle itself. Even a slight play in the clutch pedal, improper driving position and the very inability to achieve it - all these factors do not contribute to successful learning in any way. On a technique that is absolutely serviceable, it is easy to learn, and compromises are best left to those instructors who offer to put up with them. Have a good start!

How athletes do

To start in a sporty way, some do this: first, the engine spins up to the limit, then the clutch is “thrown”, and the car “flies” forward. Using such a method can be considered stupid, at least in the vast majority of cases. First of all, you need to choose the right engine speed range in which the torque will be greatest. It is unlikely that anyone will carry technical documentation with them, and the optimal position of the tachometer needle is found empirically. Alternatively, check with the owner of the same car with a similar engine.

Let's say we figured out the gas pedal. Then, the question arises what to do with the clutch. With the engine up to the desired RPM, try releasing the clutch pedal, stopping it just at the point where the discs engage. If the car begins to slowly move forward, it's okay - it is usually held by a handbrake. Immediately before the start, you will have to adjust the "gas" all the time, so that the arrow "floats" with the smallest amplitude. And when the "green" lights up, the tachometer should go up. Simply put, the moment of start should coincide with the phase of increasing speed.

The disadvantage of the considered method is that the clutch assembly always works with slippage in the first seconds. Discs made of cermet, for example, do not tolerate such an attitude towards themselves (there you need to slip the wheels). So you should not be surprised if a car tuned to the maximum begins to require repairs more often than a serial prototype. You still need to be able to drive a sports car ... Carefully and tastefully.

The SDA does not explicitly ban sports driving. And, nevertheless, the shortcomings of the legislation (if they can be called that) should not be abused. Starting the movement, at least you need to make sure that there are no obstacles and other factors that prevent moving forward. In situations not dealt with in detail by law, the need to use common sense nobody canceled.

The moment of starting a car at a traffic light is, without exaggeration, the worst dream of a novice motorist. Well, at first it’s impossible to start in any way, so as not to stall a couple of times. At some stage, all this even looks like a kind of conspiracy, which millions are silent about. But to understand how to get under way on the "mechanics" is quite simple. You just need to learn some rules and practice for a few days in various conditions.

The essence of the problem for beginners is that driving instructors teach them to start only on the clutch itself, without using the accelerator pedal.

How to learn how to get under way on the "mechanics"

The crux of the problem for beginners usually lies in the fact that driving instructors teach them to start only on the clutch itself, without using the accelerator pedal. In practice, such a technique quickly discredits itself, since its relevance ends where ordinary road traffic begins with the participation of a huge number of other cars.

In addition, the clutch on different cars can be configured in different ways. If this approach works on an empty, flat, strictly horizontal road, then when driving uphill or at a busy intersection, additional skills are simply needed.

How to get under way on mechanics: Video tutorial

Some nuances of the correct start from a place

So, let's imagine that our car is on the "handbrake" (handbrake is on), the engine is running, and the gear lever is in the neutral position. In general, before starting the engine, it is always necessary to check whether the “neutral” is on. Otherwise, you can turn the ignition key and immediately drive into a nearby car or pole, for example.

When the engine is warmed up, the driver is fastened, you can start moving. To do this, the left foot is squeezed out to the stop the clutch pedal and right hand the first gear of the gearbox is engaged. After that, it is necessary to remove the car from the "handbrake", turn on the turn signal if necessary, and gradually start releasing the clutch pedal.

Having brought the pedal to the so-called "grabbing moment", it's time to stop its movement for a second and "give it a little gas" with the accelerator pedal. On the tachometer, an increase in crankshaft speed to 1000-1500 rpm will be clearly visible. It’s not worth raising the speed higher, 2500-3000 rpm is already too much, leave such starts to careless street racers who are ready to change the clutch after each “traffic light” race.

It is very important to follow the tachometer needle, since it is not always possible to catch the operation of the motor by ear. Also note that the correct dosing of efforts on the gas pedal in this case is almost a jeweler's work, so at first, forget about shoes with hard soles, and even more so with heels. The best option- elastic sneakers. There are even special models for driving.

In general, with a slight pressure on the gas pedal, the car should move. Without fully releasing the clutch pedal, you need to drive 3-4 meters. This is called "driving half-clutch" when the clutch disc is not fully pressed against the flywheel and may slip. After that, you can completely release the clutch, increase the pressure on the accelerator pedal and increase the engine speed to shift to second gear.

Ideally, releasing the clutch pedal and pressing the gas should be smooth and synchronous, this will eliminate the possibility of slipping and squealing tires at start. The car stalls, as a rule, for the reason that the amount of fuel mixture for the operation of the engine does not increase in time, which is why the power unit “suffocates”, unable to cope with the load.

We start up the hill, helping ourselves with a handbrake

If on flat terrain you can work out the moment of launch for a long time and safely, then when starting uphill you should be especially careful and be sure to apply the basic skills already acquired. In this case, the risk of a rollback is added to the negative factors of influence. As a result, the novice driver keeps the car on the slope with the brake pedal, and when the green light turns on, he convulsively shifts his right foot to the gas, hoping to catch it, and stalls, while rolling back. Of course, no one from behind waiting for such a situation will not like it. Therefore, you need to train in deserted places so as not to create an emergency situation.

When you drive up to an intersection or stop for another reason on the rise, you must immediately tighten the handbrake cable. To start, you need to do everything, as in the case of starting on a flat road, but release the handbrake only at the moment when the gas pedal is already lightly pressed. To understand that the “handbrake” must be lowered, it is possible by the characteristic zeal of the car forward, a slight vibration occurs, due to an increase in pressure in the area of \u200b\u200btraction of the wheels with the road, the back of the car will squat slightly.

When you drive up to an intersection or stop for another reason on the rise, you must immediately tighten the handbrake cable.

After practicing a few times, you will already know when this moment comes. That is, the car is removed from the brake under conditions of a partially depressed gas pedal and a partially released clutch pedal. After driving a few meters on the “half-coupling”, you can completely release the leftmost pedal.

Separately, a few words must be said about the difficulties in removing the wheels from the hand brake. This is due to the load on the teeth of the drive lever. It happens that it's time to start moving, but the button does not want to be pressed with the thumb. In such cases, you just need to pull the handle up a little. This will relieve the pressure on the mechanism, thereby allowing you to easily remove the "handbrake" and go to the "semi-clutch".

How to do it without a handbrake

It must be said that the use of a handbrake when starting uphill is not a prerequisite. However, if the slope is steep, then even experienced drivers do this. Well, when the horizontal deviation is small, then it’s really limited to the usual “catching” the car with the clutch. The whole point of mastery is to know at what point in the clutch pedal stroke the coveted “grab moment” occurs.

If the position is selected correctly, then when the foot brake is released vehicle will not go back, but will “hang” in place. But there is a risk of stopping the engine due to lack of speed. Therefore, while holding the car with the clutch, you must immediately move your right foot from the brake to the accelerator pedal and add speed. The car must go, then everything is done according to the standard.

Burnt clutch - common technical problem faced by an inexperienced driver

A burned clutch is a very common technical problem faced by inexperienced drivers. This usually happens when, when docking the driven disk, the flywheel speed is too high. As a result, contact is impossible due to increased speed, as a result of which the surfaces instantly overheat and lose their properties.

To prevent this from happening, you need to forbid yourself to strongly gas when starting off, raising the speed to 3-4 thousand rpm.

When the car begins to roll back, it is important to understand that it is not so much a badly squeezed gas pedal, but an insufficiently released clutch. As a result, the beginner mistakenly presses on the gas, the engine is literally torn from unrealized power, after which the clutch pedal is released, and the unit burns from this.

Learn to guess when the clutch "grabs"

To minimize the number of engine stalls, develop the habit of depressing the clutch pedal in the event of "cramps" of the engine compartment. The clutch release reflex will help all the time - at traffic lights, during hard braking, while parking, etc. During training, your body will remember the signs of a partial docking of the clutch elements and will automatically be able to give impulses to the brain, indicating the need to press the gas and continue moving with the clutch fully released.

Departure from the pit, entrance to the curb

Another point that needs clarification is starting off in conditions where one or more wheels are in some kind of depression, for example, in a regular road cut, puddle.

Of course, there is no way to leave here on one clutch, but even a “duty” thousand revolutions of the crankshaft may not give the expected result. In this case, you can try to slightly increase the speed (up to 1500-1700 rpm), by pressing the gas pedal a little harder in parallel with releasing the clutch.

The same applies to leaving on a small hill, for example, a curb. Otherwise, the clutch will either overheat or the engine will stall. If you are having trouble, it is better to use the help of a friend who can rock the body from the outside or sit behind the wheel for you.

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How to start on a motorcycle correctly. Today we will focus on another exercise that will allow us to start moving. Let's talk about the start technique.

Today we will focus on another exercise that will allow us to start moving. Let's talk about the start technique. Initially, we will divide this exercise into two. In the first case, I will tell you how to get moving for those who have never ridden a motorcycle at all, and in the second, how to go very fast for those who have already done a lot on a 2-wheeled friend. If you are already starting off, then feel free to skip the first part of the article and move on to the second.

First common for two articles:

We sit on the motorcycle so that the supporting leg is right and the left is on the footboard. The next step is to press the clutch and engage first gear. The check is broken, we do not release the clutch.

We change the legs in places, now we have the supporting left, and the right one is on the footboard. It is from this position that we must learn to start.

We press the tank with our knees.

This landing is due to the fact that under the right foot is the rear brake, which we will use in 2 cases. The first is a downhill start, let go and go, and the second is a critical case when you accidentally cranked the gas, dropped the clutch and the motorcycle went from a place on the rear wheel. It sounds fantastic, but this is not such a rare case in my practice, you need to be ready for it at least mentally, and the option to get confused or not depends on your perception of the world and work nervous system. In this case, we simply press on the rear brake and “smoothly” 🙂 put the bike back on the pavement. Options to close the gas and lower the motorcycle in this way can be considered invalid, simply because you are hanging on your hands.

To illustrate how much the load will go to the hands, you can try to hang on the horizontal bar and simulate the closing of the gas, just pull yourself up on one hand.

Part one, how to get started for beginners.

In principle, this is not possible, due to the large overload at the time of launch, so instead of closing the gas, you will only open it more until you roll over. In general, we are morally accustomed to the fact that we start with the right foot on the footboard and keep the weight of the motorcycle on the left foot. In the next step, we smoothly and slowly lower the clutch until the bike moves off. At this point, we stop the clutch and continue to hold it in this middle position and move slowly along with the motorcycle. If there are no start skills yet, then you can move with both feet on the asphalt, slowly shifting from foot to foot at the speed of a motorcycle. Then we release the clutch even more and again hold it in this position until we come to the fact that the clutch will be completely released. So let's go ... Now we drive 5-7 meters and stop, turn on the neutral, change legs and release the controls. Repeat until you start moving confidently.

In the next step, we learn to do the same thing but with a little open gas. The clutch operation technique is exactly the same, but you can add gas a little from the spot. RPMs at 1000-1500. And we always start like this both in the city and in training. This is what you need to end up with.

The second part is already for those who are confident riding a motorcycle.

We will focus on how to properly start from a place and leave quickly. The basis of a proper start is landing on a motorcycle. We tilt the body forward and lie down on the tank, loading the front wheel with our weight.

We rest against the footboard of the right foot and get up a couple of centimeters forward to load it even more and thereby load the front axle and raise the speed. Ideally, the gas rises to the maximum torque of the motorcycle, but in the first stages it must be raised before reaching this mark, about a third of the tachometer. In more detail: if you have maximum torque at 8000 rpm, then the first times we start from 5, then 6, and so on until we reach 8 thousand. Our task is to ensure that the front wheel of the motorcycle rises no higher than 15 centimeters at the start, otherwise the engine power will be spent on lifting the motorcycle, instead of pushing it forward.

It is better to start with rear wheel slip than to lift the bike high into the sky at the start and lose a lot of time. So we upped the revs and let go of the clutch... at this point we lean forward even more to load the unloaded front end even more. And add gas. We do not throw the clutch, namely, let go smoothly but quickly. From the outside, it looks like an abandoned clutch. If we abandon it, we lose the ability to control the process. Etching the clutch should be avoided so as not to burn it. That is, with one quick movement, we release the handle. At the moment when the clutch grabs and the motorcycle starts moving, the engine speed will drop, due to the load, by several thousand. We need to pick up the pace. The task is to ensure that when the clutch is lowered, the speed does not fall. That is, at the moment when the load on the clutch appears, we need to add gas speed. The picture should look like this: clutch, gear, rev up, release the clutch and at that very moment we add gas. That is, the arrow does not fall down, but only rises up. And let's go...

P.S. Do this exercise carefully, because we are not responsible for possible falls during the development of this exercise.

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