Sea saucers with garlic butter. What does "sea limpet" mean? Sea limpet mollusk

Scientifically they are called patella, in simple terms they are called sea snails or limpets, and in Madeira, where these flat-shelled mollusks are considered a local delicacy, they are called lapas. In fact, sea limpets are found not only on a remote island in Atlantic Ocean- no, they can be found in abundance in both Black and Mediterranean seas, where they live on coastal cliffs. To tear a mollusk from the stone it is holding on to, it takes a lot of effort - the slightest touch, and limpet presses against the stone, so much so that it is almost impossible to tear it off without a knife. But what to do if there is no sea or a bay with sea limpets a stone’s throw from your home, and it’s not in sight?.. The answer is very simple - prepare mussels according to this recipe, which (unlike sea limpets) can also be bought frozen.

Sea saucers with garlic butter

First, it is advisable to clean the sea limpets (although in Madera, it seems, they do without this at all). Take a small knife, pick up the clam with it and immerse the knife to the middle of the shell, then, turning the shell, run the knife along the entire radius to separate the clam from it. Underneath you will find a “bag” with unappetizing black and green contents: the bag must be thrown away, and the elastic mollusk must be returned to its shell.

Cut the butter into small cubes according to the number of shellfish, and chop the garlic and parsley very finely and mix thoroughly. Transfer the sea limpets to a baking dish, add a cube of butter to each, a pinch of parsley-garlic mixture and season with salt and black pepper. Preheat the oven grill to high and place the pan under the grill. Remove after a few minutes, just after the butter has melted and bubbled.

Serve limpets (or lapas, as the Portuguese call them) as a hot appetizer, with white wine and white bread for dipping.

In general, the locals told me that these shellfish can be eaten raw, simply by peeling and sprinkling with lemon juice. Looks like it's true.

Family Saucers - Patellidae- molluscs with a characteristic conical-shaped shell. They inhabit rocks, preferring areas periodically washed by the surf. Looking at the frozen shells, you might think that the saucers sit in one place all the time. But this is not so, it’s just that the period of their activity occurs at night. At this time, they venture on journeys of several tens of centimeters in length. At the end of the walk, the snail invariably returns to its old place and takes its previous position. The shape of the edges of the sink exactly follows the irregularities of the stone. During low tide, the animal presses tightly against the rock and retains water until the next tide. The limpets are perfectly adapted to the harsh living conditions in the surf zone. A thick shell protects them from attacks by predators and from waves, and a wide leg acts like a suction cup. Tearing a saucer from a stone is not an easy task for a predator

Sea limpets are similar in appearance, but are profoundly different anatomically from fisurellids. At the same time, they are very similar to other representatives of sea limpets, tecturids and lepetids. Snails of this group are characterized by a simplified, symmetrical shell, shaped like a cap or an upturned saucer. An important anatomical feature characteristic of limpets is the presence in these snails of not two, but only one atrium, which is associated with changes in the respiratory system. In representatives of the family of limpets, both gills are reduced, remaining only in the form of rudiments; instead, secondary gills develop on the lower surface of the mantle. The family of sea limpets includes a relatively small number of forms. Patellidae are widely distributed in various seas, and some species are also found in highly desalinated inland seas. Some types of sea limpets are edible.

Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Taxonomic position Class Gastropoda. Order ancient gastropods (Archaeogastropoda). Family of limpets (Patellidae). Conservation status Endangered species (1).

Area

The Atlantic coast of Europe from Norway to Mauritania, the archipelagos of Macaronesia, the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara, Black and Azov seas.

Features of morphology

The shell is cap-shaped with a sharp apex, slightly shifted towards the anterior edge, the base size is up to 35–40 mm and the height is up to 14 mm. Sculpture of frequent radial ribs of unequal height and frequent thin concentric growth lines. The edge of the shell is finely toothed. The color is yellowish-white with reddish-brown rays, the inner surface of the shell is porcelain-white, without a pattern.

Features of biology

They live in the surf zone on a rocky substrate at the water's edge. They attach to the substrate with the help of a strong muscular leg. Belong to a group of predominantly herbivorous mollusks (unicellular and multicellular algae, detritus), used for scraping growth on rocks special body- radula. At night, they make food migrations and return to their original habitat (homing). They are protandric hermaphrodites - when the sexes change, the gonad goes through first the male and then the female phase of development. Spawns in late autumn and winter. It has a lecithotrophic larva with short pelagic development.

Threats

Eating by brine, contamination of the lithocontour, preventing the settling of larvae.

Security measures

The last discovery of a sea limpet dates back to 2007. Considering the rarity of the species and local distribution, attention should be paid Special attention protection of its habitats.

Information sources

Milashevich, 1916; Key to the fauna of the Black and Azov seas, 1972; Chukhchin, 1984; TsikhonLukanina, 1987; Zaitsev, 2008.

Compiled by: Revkov N.K. Photo: Revkov N.K.

BIOLOGY OF THE SEA, 2011, volume 37, no. 3, p. 229-232

Brief messages

UDC 593 EMBRYOLOGY

reproduction and larval development of the limpet

Establishment Russian Academy Sciences Institute of Marine Biology named after. A.V. Zhirmunsky Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041 e-mail: [email protected]

The article was accepted for publication on November 25, 2010.

The reproduction and development of the sea limpet Lottia persona (Rathke, 1833) was studied under laboratory conditions for the first time. Mollusks reproduce in the second half of July, have external fertilization, and have a pelagic lecithotrophic type of development. The larval shell is transparent, symmetrical, bag-shaped, with well-defined lateral recesses and a large rounded mouth. The sculpture of the protoconch is characterized by wide wavy lines separated by radial ribs; on the ventral side of the shell the lines become narrow and directed perpendicular to those of the dorsal and lateral sections. The duration of development from the moment of fertilization to sedimentation at a water temperature of 19-20°C is three days.

Key words: limpets, reproduction, egg, trochophore, veliger, protoconch.

Reproduction and larval development of the limpet Lottia persona (Rathke, 1833) (Gastropoda: Lottiidae).

K. G. Kolbin, V. A. Kulikova (A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041)

Reproduction and larval development of the limpet Lottia persona (Rathke, 1833) were investigated in vitro for the first time. The limpets breed in late July; they exhibit external fertilization and a pelagic lecithotrophic type of development. The larval shell is transparent, symmetrical, bottle-shaped, with well-marked lateral fossae and a large rounded operculum. The protoconch sculpture is characterized by broad wavy lines and radial ribs at the dorsal side. Ventrally, the lines become narrow and are directed perpendicular to those of the dorsal and lateral regions. Development from fertilization to settlement lasts 3 days at a water temperature of 19-20°C. (Biologiya Morya, Vladivostok, 2011, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 229-232).

Key words: limpets, reproduction, egg, trochophore, veliger, protoconch.

IN Far Eastern seas Russia is home to 27 species of sea limpets, of which 21 species belong to the family Lottiidae (Chernyshev, Chernova, 2005). Currently, there is practically no information in the literature about the reproductive biology of patellogastropods in this water area. There are only brief information on the reproduction and development of Erginus sybariticus (= Problacmea sybaritica) (Golikov, Kusakin, 1972; Golikov, Gulbin, 1978); Niveotectura pallida (= Acmea pallida) (Korenbaum, 1983); Iothia sp. and Erginus moskalevi (= Problacmea moskalevi) (Golikov and Gulbin, 1978; Golikov and Kusakin, 1978; Sasaki, 1998); Erginus rubella (= Problacmea rubella) and Rhodopetata rosea (Golikov and Gulbin, 1978); Erginus galkini (Chernyshev, Chernova, 2002); Lottia versicolor and Nipponacmea moskalevi (own data), Testudinalia tessellata (Golikov, Kusakin, 1978). The larval development and morphology of the protoconch of Limalepeta lima have been studied in most detail (see: Kolbin, 2006).

This work contains the first information about the reproduction and larval development of the sea limpet Lottia persona (Rathke, 1833) from the family Lottiidae. This is a Pacific widespread boreal species. Found in the western and northern parts Sea of Japan, distributed from the coast of Korea in the south, off the coast Kuril Islands, in the coastal waters of the Okhotsk and Bering seas, off the Pacific coast of America to the bay. Monterey in California in the southeast. Predominantly littoral species, inhabiting

It occurs in the middle and lower horizons of the littoral zone and is rarely found in the uppermost sublittoral zone at a depth of up to 4 m. It lives mainly on hard and rocky soils at water temperatures from negative values in winter up to 20°C in summer at a salinity of 30-34%o (Golikov, Kusakin, 1978).

Material and methodology. Lottia persona individuals were collected at a depth of 0-1 m in the hall. Vostok (Peter the Great Bay) in mid-July 2009. Mollusks ready for spawning were kept in an aquarium with sea water at a temperature of 19-20°C and constant aeration. Soon after spawning and fertilization, the embryos were transferred to 300 ml glass containers filled with sterilized seawater, which was changed after 48 hours. On the 3rd day of development, a substrate was added to the containers for settling of the larvae. The larvae were not fed during development.

To study the general morphology of the larvae, an MBS-10 binocular, a Leica MZ 12.5 stereomicroscope, and a Polyvar light microscope were used. The study of the sculpture of larval and juvenile shells was carried out using scanning electron microscopes Leo-430 and EVO-40. The shells were fixed in 70% ethyl alcohol, dried in alcohols of increasing concentrations and acetone, then glued to tables and sprayed with gold or platinum.

Results and discussion. Lottia persona is a dioecious species; in the pre-spawning period, the gonads of males are milky or cream-colored, while those of females are dark brown. Spawning mol-

1 The work was supported by grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (08-04-00929) and the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (10-Sh-V-06-122).

Morphology of larvae and protoconch of Lottiapersona. A - fertilized egg; B - trochophore; B - veliger; G - pediveliger; D - lateral side of the protoconch; E - dorsal side of the protoconch. Legend: ap - apical bundle of cilia, vl - velum, zn - leg bud, lu - lateral recess, n - leg, prt - prototroch, prk - protoconch, p - ribs, tlr - telotroch. Scale, µm: A - 50; B, G - 25; B - 30; D-E - 20.

lyuskov occurs in the second half of July at a water temperature of 19-20°C. Fertilization is external. Males release sperm in the form of dull white strands, which soon disintegrate and the sperm are dispersed in the water column. Females lay large, yolk-rich, light brown eggs with a diameter of 145 microns (see figure, A). 12 hours after fertilization, trochophores with a size of 145 µm develop. By this time, a powerful proto-troch has already been formed, encircling the larva almost in the middle and consisting of trochoblasts and bunches of long cilia (see figure, B). On the apical plate, covered with short cilia -

mi, a tuft of long cilia is clearly visible, on the opposite side a telotroch (anal tuft of cilia) is visible. Such a larva actively swims thanks to the work of the prototroch. After 38 hours, veligers develop from the trochophores. Veligers of L. persona, typical of Patellogastropoda, have a simple velum, not divided into lobes, equipped with long cilia, a transparent, symmetrical sac-like shell (protoconch) with well-defined lateral recesses and a large rounded aperture (see figure, C, E, F). The length of the early veliger protoconch is 174 µm, width -145 µm. The sculpture of the larval shell is represented by a

REPRODUCTION

With long wavy lines separated by radial ribs, on the ventral side of the shell the lines become narrow and directed perpendicular to those of the dorsal and lateral sections (see figure, E, F). On the 2nd day of development, the larvae begin to form a leg and individual larvae are already able to attach to the substrate for a short time (see figure, D). On the 3rd day, the larvae completely settle on the substrate, the leg begins to actively function, the velum is reduced, but its cilia retain mobility for several days. Eye tentacles appear. Such larvae are able to separate from the substrate and swim for a short time, after which they again sink to the bottom and attach to the substrate. The length of the protoconch before settling of the larvae is 180 µm, width - 145 µm. During metamorphosis, the teleoconch (juvenile shell) grows.

Sea limpets are one of the most ancient and primitive groups among living Prosobranchia. Almost all representatives of the order Patellogastropoda have a simple structure of the reproductive system and a completely pelagic lecithotrophic type of development (Fretter and Graham, 1962; Ivanova-Kazas, 1977; Sasaki, 1998). The exception is the viviparous species of the genus Erginus, in which embryonic and larval development takes place in the brood chamber (Lindberg, 1983).

Among the studied species of patellogastropods in the hall. Peter the Great, the smallest eggs (130 µm) are in Nipponacmea moskalevi (own data), and the largest (200 µm) are in Niveotecturapallida (= Acmaeapallida) (see: Korenbaum, 1983). In Limalepeta lima, the egg size coincides with that of the species under study (145 µm) (Kolbin, 2006). The duration of development of sea limpets from spawning to settlement is short and at a water temperature of 19-20°C it is 3-7 days. An exception is N. pallida, in which the eggs are quite large, and the larvae develop at a water temperature of 16-19°C and settle on the ground after 2-3 weeks. after fertilization (Korenbaum, 1983). Short development (3-4 days) is typical for species with a relatively small diameter of eggs, but in Lottia versicolor with a large egg with a diameter of 175 microns, development lasts 7 days. Most short period larval development in Lottia persona, its duration is 3 days. The development of L. lima (Kolbin, 2006) and N. moskalevi (own data) lasts 4 days, L. versicolor - 7 days (own data). The rate of pelagic development of mollusks is determined not only by the size of the egg, but also by temperature environment. Thus, Lottia digitalis and L. asmi from the coastal waters of Oregon with egg diameters of 155 and 134 µm, respectively, at a temperature of 13°C full development pass in 7-8 days, and at 8°C the pelagic phase increases by 2-3 days (Kay and Emlet, 2002).

The section is very easy to use. Just enter the desired word in the field provided, and we will give you a list of its meanings. I would like to note that our site provides data from various sources - encyclopedic, explanatory, word-formation dictionaries. Here you can also see examples of the use of the word you entered.

limpet

marine gastropods that have a cap-shaped shell and are able to stick to a solid substrate with their feet, which unites them into a special life form. To M. b. include representatives of the family Patellidae, Tecturidae (subclass of prosobranchs, more precisely compulsory branchials), Siphonariidae (subclass of pulmonates), etc.

Wikipedia

limpet

limpet- a common name for various salt- and freshwater snails (aquatic gastropods). It refers to snails with a simple shell, usually conical in shape, not coiled.

Members of the clade, true marine limpets that live in marine basins, are most often referred to as limpets; however, conical shells arose several times during the evolution of gastropods in various clades with gill and pulmonary respiration. The name comes from the characteristic “saucer-shaped” shape of the shell. Many mollusks that have such a shell belong to different taxa:

For example

For example,

For example

Heterobranchia, a group of Opisthobranchia, for example
Heterobranchia, Pulmonata group, e.g. Siphonariidae, Latiidae,

A study of limpet teeth has revealed that they are the most durable biological structure known.

$mob_info$