Northern cradle of mankind. Africa - the only cradle of mankind? What is the Cradle of Humankind Monument

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Sterkfontein caves- Archaeologists in the building above the entrance to Sterkfontein. The Sterkfontein caves are the famous six underground halls at a depth of more than 40 meters. Located near Johannesburg. Into one ... Wikipedia

Paleoanthropology- (Greek παλαιανθρωπολογία, from παλαιός ancient and ἄνθρωπος man) a branch of physical anthropology that studies the evolution of hominids based on fossil remains ... Wikipedia

African origin hypothesis- The hypothesis of the African origin of man is a hypothesis according to which the area of origin of man is in Africa. The founders of this hypothesis are well-known archaeologists, the Leakey family. The hypothesis is based on findings in ... ... Wikipedia

N. F. Fedorov

Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov- Portrait of Nikolai Fedorov by Leonid Pasternak Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov (June 7, 1829 December 28, 1903) Russian religious thinker and philosopher futurologist, library science figure, teacher innovator. One of the founders of Russian ... ... Wikipedia

Nikolai Fyodorovich Fedorov- Portrait of Nikolai Fedorov by Leonid Pasternak Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov (June 7, 1829 December 28, 1903) Russian religious thinker and philosopher futurologist, library science figure, teacher innovator. One of the founders of Russian ... ... Wikipedia

Fedorov, Nikolai Fyodorovich- Portrait of Nikolai Fedorov by Leonid Pasternak Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov (June 7, 1829 December 28, 1903) Russian religious thinker and philosopher futurologist, library science figure, teacher innovator. One of the founders of Russian ... ... Wikipedia

Books

The cradle of humanity under the lies of world religions, Vadim Kryuk. This book invites the reader to look at the usual generally accepted historical process and established religious trends through the prism of new facts that shift the time frame into a deep ... Buy for 320 rubles eBook
Mesopotamia. The Cradle of Humankind, Chiara Dezzi Bardeschi. For thousands of years on earth between the two rivers - the Tigris and the Euphrates - various nationalities coexisted or succeeded each other. The historical significance of Mesopotamia as the "cradle of mankind" is complex...

One of the reports on Hyperborea was made by an ethnologist, art critic, candidate of historical sciences Zharnikova Svetlana Vasilievna, who has been dealing with this topic for more than 20 years, collecting information bit by bit, restoring the appearance wonderful country, no less legendary than the famous Atlantis and Shambhala. However, no one still knows for sure where these countries are located, but Hyperborea is taking on quite specific shapes - it is very close, and we are the descendants of its inhabitants.

We all went to school where we were told that our ancestors lived in the forest, worshiped pagan gods and remained savages until Christianity came and brought us to our senses. It is embarrassing that all the true knowledge about that period of our history was destroyed along with the Magi, who were literally "cut to the root." Who and why did it - the question remains open ..

With the territory of the Russian North, things were even worse. It was believed that during last glaciation all these lands were covered with a glacier, and therefore people could not live here. When the glacier finally melted - it happened about 8 thousand years ago - the Finno-Ugric peoples came here from the Urals, who continued to live in their original style, that is, to hunt, fish and gather. Later, the Slavs reached these places, mixed with the Finno-Ugric peoples, and what we have now turned out. Takova official version our history. But not everyone thinks so.

Back in the middle of the 19th century, the rector of Boston University, Warren, wrote a book called Paradise Found, or the Life of Mankind in North Pole". The book went through 10 editions, the last of which appeared in Boston in 1889. The book has not been translated into Russian. Such work is being done only now. The translator claims that she is shocked - Warren, who worked with sources in 28 languages, analyzed the myths of all countries the world up to equatorial Africa And Central America and came to the conclusion that in all mythological systems, paradise is in the north. Moreover, Warren believes that the soul of the Earth or its informational pole is also above the North Pole.

At the beginning of the 20th century, scientists faced many questions in relation to the Finno-Ugric peoples, as to our ancestors. Linguists could not understand why there are practically no Finno-Ugric words in the Northern Russian language. Anthropologists wondered why the faces of the North Russians were completely different from the faces of their "ancestors". For example, the population of the Olonets province had the most elongated face of all European nations, and the protrusion of the facial bones was 3 times greater than that of the Finno-Ugric peoples.

Northerners and Finno-Ugric peoples built houses in completely different ways. They did not have similar national ornaments. The names of villages, rivers, lakes caused bewilderment. Academician Sobolevsky wrote back in the 1920s: "... the overwhelming majority of the names of rivers and lakes of the Russian North come from some Indo-European language, which I, before finding a more suitable term, call Scythian." Science accused the academician of insanity. True, in the 60s, the work of the Swedish researcher Günther Johanson appeared, who, after analyzing the toponymy of the entire north, came to the conclusion that all local names have an Indo-Iranian basis. Then it could not yet come to mind that everything was the other way around - the Indo-Iranian languages have a North Russian basis. And then thunder struck.
Paleoclimatologists entered the scene, who were absolutely indifferent to what linguists, anthropologists, culturologists think about this ... According to drilling data, they found out that from 130 to 70 thousand years ago, the northern territories between 55 and 70 degrees were located in optimal climate regime. The average winter temperatures here were 12 degrees higher than now, and the average summer temperatures were 8 degrees higher. This means that in those days there was the same climate here as we have now in the south of France or the north of Spain! Climate zones then they were not located the way they are now - the further south, the warmer, then it was warmer to the east, closer to the Urals.

It is here, according to linguists, that the northern people, which became the progenitor of many nations - those who reached the Sayan and Altai laid the foundation for the Turkic peoples; who remained on the territory of Eastern Europe became the basis of the Indo-European peoples. An indirect confirmation of this is the myths of the Aryans or Indo-Iranians, who talk about their Arctic homeland. That's what ancient legends say.

"In the north, where there is a pure, beautiful, meek and desirable world, in that part of the Earth that is the most beautiful, purest of all, the great gods of Kuben live (the river Kuben flows through the territory of the Vologda region - ed.) - seven wise men, sons of the creator god Brahma , embodied in the seven stars of the Big Dipper. And, finally, there is the lord of the universe - Rudrahara, wearing light braids, fair-haired, the ancestor of all beings.

In order to reach the world of the ancestral gods, one must overcome the great endless mountains that stretched from west to east. Around their golden peaks the sun makes its way. Above them in the darkness shine the seven stars of the Big Dipper and the Polar Star, which is motionless in the center of the universe. All the great earthly rivers rush down from these mountains. Only one of them flows south to warm sea, and others to the north - to the white foam ocean. On the tops of these mountains, forests rustle, marvelous birds sing, wonderful animals live.

Ancient Greek authors also wrote about the great northern mountains. They believed that these mountains stretched from west to east, being the great border of Scythia. So they were depicted on one of the first maps of the Earth in VI BC. Herodotus, the father of history, wrote about the distant northern mountains stretching from west to east. Aristotle believed in the existence of the northern mountains, believing that all the most big rivers Europe, except for Istria and the Danube. Beyond the mountains in northern Europe, ancient Greek and Roman geographers placed the Great Northern or Scythian Ocean.

These mysterious mountains for a long time did not allow researchers to determine the exact position of Hyperborea - as the ancients called the northern cradle of civilization. They could not be the Ural Mountains, since they stretch from north to south, and ancient sources clearly state that the mountains are elongated from west to east and look like a bow curved to the south. Moreover, this arc ends in the extreme northwest and extreme northeast.

Finally, the search was crowned with success - according to legend, the western point was Mount Gangkhamadana - in the modern Karelian Zaonezhie there is also Mount Gandamadana; and the extreme eastern point is Mount Naroda, now this peak in the Polar Urals is called Narodnaya. Then it turns out that the mysterious ancient mountains are a chain of hills on the East European Plain, which is called the Northern Ridges!

Once it was an impregnable ridge, enclosing the territory called Hyperborea in a semicircle. Now this place is the Kola Peninsula, Karelia, Arkhangelsk, Vologda region and the Komi Republic. The northern part of Hyperborea rests on the bottom Barents Sea. The reality completely coincided with the stories from ancient legends!

The fact that the Northern Ridges were the border of Hyperborea is also confirmed by modern research. So the Soviet scientist Meshcheryakov called them an anomaly of the East European Plain. In his works, he pointed out that even in those days, when the ancient sea splashed on the site of the Urals, the Northern Ridges were already mountains and were the main watershed of the rivers of the basins of the White and Caspian Seas. Meshcheryakov claimed that they are located exactly where the Hyperborean mountains are located on the map of Ptolemy. According to this map, the Volga, which the ancients called Ra, originates in these mountains.

There is another indirect confirmation. Herodotus wrote about the lack of horns of bulls in the lands near the Hyperborean mountains, which he associated with the harsh climate of these places. So, hornless or hornless cattle, which have a high fat content of milk, still exist in almost the entire territory of the Russian North.

Having established the location of Hyperborea, scientists decided to find out how the fate of the people who inhabited this country developed. The finds of archaeologists, ethnologists, and linguists have completely changed the idea of history. We are accustomed to consider ancient Greece a stronghold of human civilization, an oasis of its culture. Ancient Greek achievements spread throughout Europe, and we were admitted to the fruits of its civilization. However, the data that have now appeared indicate that everything was exactly the opposite - the ancient Greek civilization was "grown" by the Hyperborean, much more ancient and highly developed. This is also evidenced by the ancient Greek sources themselves, according to which Apollo once a year "on a silver arrow" went to the distant northern country of Hyperborea for knowledge.

In the Russian North, many ornaments have been preserved, which, according to experts, served as a prototype for creating ornaments not only Ancient Greece but also Hindustan. Petroglyphs - drawings on rocks - found on the shores of the White and Onega Seas, were the fundamental basis for the appearance of such drawings in India. But most striking is the similarity of the languages of peoples who are now separated by great distances.

Tatyana Yakovlevna Elizarenkova, the translator of the hymns of the Rigveda, claims that the Vedic Sanskrit and the Russian language correspond to each other as much as possible. Let's compare, it would seem, such distant languages from each other. "Uncle" - "dada", "mother" - "matri", "divo" - "divo", "maiden" - "devi", "svet" - "shveta", "snow - snow": here the first word is Russian , and the second is its Sanskrit counterpart.
The Russian meaning of the word "gat" is a road laid through a swamp. In Sanskrit, "gati" means passage, way, road. The Sanskrit word "to tear" - to go, to run - corresponds to the Russian analogue - "to drape"; in Sanskrit "radalnya" - tears, crying, in Russian - "sobs".
Sometimes, without realizing it, we use a tautology, using words with the same meaning twice. We say "tryn-grass", and in Sanskrit "trin" means grass. We say "dense forest", and "drema" means forest.

In the Vologda and Arkhangelsk dialects, many pure Sanskrit words have been preserved. So the northern Russian "bat" means "maybe": "I, bat, will come to you tomorrow." In Sanskrit, "bat" - truly, maybe. Severus "bus" - mold, soot, dirt. In Sanskrit, "busa" means garbage, sewage. Russian "kulnut" - to fall into the water, in Sanskrit "kula" - canal, stream. Examples can be given ad infinitum.

So the expression "we are all brothers" has a very real basis. Now the territory of the former Hyperborea is a giant "white spot" - there are no people, roads and settlements. But it is there that the knowledge of the ancient civilization, which became the progenitor of many peoples of the Earth, is located. If we do not want to remain "Ivans the Rootless", we must go in search of our own history. Moreover, all this is very close.

It is believed that all modern humanity came from Africa. It was on this continent at the end of the last century that the most ancient bone remains of people were found. However, in Lately this hypothesis has been shaken by new discoveries. Today, researchers present many arguments both for and against the "African version".

Darwin, Humans and Monkeys

First of all, the genetic diversity of African peoples testifies in favor of this version. So, in Africa live the most bizarre tribes in the world. For example, among the natives there are stories about agogwe - furry humanoid beings. If you believe the legends, you can meet the agogwe in the forests of Ussure and Simbiti, located in the western part of the plains of Wembare. Eyewitnesses report that the creatures look like pygmies, but their body is completely covered with reddish hair. Despite the fact that the height of the agogwe does not exceed 120 centimeters, locals never confuse them with monkeys. Agogwe are upright and live with their offspring in the jungle.

Evidence about various tribes wild people come from East Africa, in particular, from Tanzania and Mozambique. But they are called differently everywhere. So, the inhabitants of the Congo call them kakundakari and ki-lomba. They also walk on two legs, are covered with hair and live in the forest, but their height is much higher than that of the agogwe (about 168 centimeters).

The inhabitants of the eastern and south-eastern regions of Africa claim that there are creatures of ordinary growth, sometimes covered with hair, and sometimes without hair. The locals call them "nanaunder". The forehead of these creatures is slightly sloping, and the arms are very long, which gives them some resemblance to monkeys. Nanaunders are found mainly in Zaire and Kenya. They also live in the thickets of forests or in the impenetrable tropics of the highlands. They feed mainly on plant foods and do not attack humans. Sometimes they were seen with long sticks in their hands, with the help of which the nanaunder probably defended themselves from predators. According to scientists, these harmless creatures once lived in the savannah, but then were forced out by man into the jungle.

In their primitive way of life, the Agogwe and their "relatives" resemble both Australopithecus and Homo erectus. But the latter lived, respectively, 800,000 and 200,000 years ago. Some experts even suggest that the Australopithecus was able to speak and use fire. However, there is no evidence for this. Perhaps the rumors about forest "little men" owe their origin to the Australopithecus tribe, who survived in the wilderness of virgin forests?

But there are also the results of archaeological research. In archeology, it is an axiom that the most ancient people of the modern type lived in the era of the Upper Paleolithic. On African continent no traces of Upper Paleolithic cultures have yet been found. The first people appeared there only in the Neolithic era (VII millennium BC). It follows from this that Africa modern man mastered later than all other territories, except, of course, Antarctica ... Findings of ancient remains belonging to the so-called Olduvai culture that existed two million years ago are not associated with the modern branch of humanity.

Recently, the object of research has been a skeletal fragment discovered by Russian archaeologists in the Denisova Cave in Altai. It was part of the finger of a child aged five to seven years, who lived about 44,000 years ago.

A fragment of the finger of a prehistoric child (which, upon closer examination, turned out to be a girl) was sent to the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Director of the Department of Evolutionary Genetics Svante Paabo said that "the data obtained exceeded all expectations." "It seems too fantastic to be true," he added.

Simultaneously with a fragment of the phalanx of the finger, other artifacts were found, indicating enough high level human development of that era. So, among the finds there are jewelry, including a stone bracelet and a ring carved from marble. In the manufacture of these products, such techniques were used as stone boring, machine drilling, grinding ... In Africa, again, no traces of such technologies associated with such distant eras were found ...

However, these are not the only finds that have tarnished the reputation of the "African version". On the territory of Northern China, during excavations at the famous " Chinese wall", found the mummy of a woman. Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis and the Institute of Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of Vertebrates, having studied the remains, which are approximately 40 thousand years old, came to the conclusion that humanity appeared simultaneously on all continents, and did not at all settle throughout the planet from single center - Africa ...

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