Possible invention of the fifth force of nature. Nature: Hungarian physicists talk about the discovery of the “fifth force of nature”

MOSCOW, May 26 - RIA Novosti. Scientists from Hungary have found hints of the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model of the microworld. They discovered evidence of not four, but five fundamental forces of nature, reports the news service of the journal Nature.

Late last year, Attila Krasznahorkay from the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Debrecen and his colleagues published a paper in which they reported unusual observations of what happens when a beryllium-8 atom transitions from an excited state to a normal state at synthesis of beryllium during bombardment of a lithium sheet with protons.

As scientists say, under certain circumstances this process leads to the birth not of photons, but of electron-positron pairs, a kind of unstable mini-atoms from particles of matter and antimatter. This fact in itself is not unusual - such processes occur regularly in nature and in space. What was amazing was how these particles were born.

Put electrons in a corner

The standard model of physics predicts that the frequency of occurrence of such pairs will strongly depend on the angles at which the forming electrons and positrons fly apart - the larger this angle, the fewer positronium “atoms”, as scientists call such structures, should appear.

To the great surprise of Krasznahorkai and his colleagues, something different was happening - when the expansion angle approached 140 degrees, the number of electron-positron pairs increased sharply. This indicated that some particles or forces beyond the Standard Model were involved in this process.

Hungarian physicists believe that this behavior of beryllium-8 is due to the fact that its nuclei, during their formation in a lithium sheet, emit a special ultra-light boson, a particle that carries one of the four fundamental interactions, which decays into an electron and a positron.

Krasznahorkai believes that this particle, whose mass is approximately 17 MeV (megaelectronvolts), is a so-called “dark photon” - a carrier of electromagnetic interactions that can influence the behavior of dark matter particles.

Protonophobia

Such statements and experimental results attracted the attention of theorists from the University of California at Irvine (USA), who believe that Krasznahorkai's team managed to discover something more - a fifth fundamental force that affects matter along with gravity, electromagnetism, weak and strong nuclear forces.

“The original experimental work on which these theoretical constructions are based states that observations of transitions between excited states of the beryllium-8 atom give results that diverge from the current theoretical description. All sorts of deviations in nuclear physics arise regularly, since it is adequate to calculate the spectrum of excitations nuclei, the path of even light ones is extremely difficult,” commented Igor Ivanov, a famous Russian physicist and popularizer of science, on the study.

As Ivanov writes, similar inexplicable bursts and anomalies were found before during observations of the behavior of neutrinos and during experiments at the LHC, which subsequently “dissolved” as data accumulated and the accuracy of detectors increased.

“Therefore, in this case, this is almost guaranteed to be a poorly described effect of nuclear physics. Well, the theoretical article on which the note in Nature News was written is just standard work for theorists - let’s assume that the deviation is real, and speculate on the topic of what it could be " new physics"They have the right to this," the scientist concludes.

Put electrons in a corner

Protonophobia

“Therefore, in this case, this is almost guaranteed to be a poorly described effect of nuclear physics. Well, the theoretical article on which the note in Nature News was written is just standard work for theorists - let’s assume that the deviation is real, and speculate on the topic of what it could to be “new physics.” They have the right to do so,” the scientist concludes.

Recently, Hungarian scientists discovered an anomalous phenomenon as a result of one of their experiments. When beryllium nuclei decayed, they obtained a particle whose mass and behavior cannot be explained by the standard physical model.

Anomalous particle

In early 2016, a subsequent joint study with a group of American scientists was published in the prestigious journal Physical Review Letters. Having studied the behavior of the particle, scientists compiled mathematical model, which serves as an addition to the standard model. According to scientists, this model could potentially explain the existence and properties of dark matter. They even hope for the first hint of the existence of a fifth fundamental force of particles.

Standard model

There are four fundamental “forces of nature,” more accurately called the forces of fundamental force: electromagnetism, gravity, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force. According to the standard model, all forces, except gravitational forces, interact with each other. This is prompting scientists to strive to find a new fifth fundamental force that could allow direct observation of dark matter.

The published experiment was not enough to prove the existence of the new interaction. Anomalous phenomenon today can be caused by a new particle of matter or a massless causative agent of an unknown interaction.

Conducted experiment

The experiment was carried out at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences by scientists who have long been searching for “dark photons” - particles that interact with dark matter. An anomaly in the nuclear decay of beryllium observed during the experiment turned out to be a particle with a mass 30 times greater than an electron.

If this particle has the ability to provoke a new interaction, then the discovery could be revolutionary. Not only will the predicted "fifth force" be revealed, but this force could potentially unify the known forces and dark matter. Such a unification will significantly expand our understanding of the Universe and the physical processes occurring in it.

Of course, one experiment and theoretical model not enough to believe in the existence of a new fundamental interaction. It is necessary to conduct a lot more research and experiments, as well as formulate a new theory that combines the standard model and new strength. Fortunately, the anomalous particle is relatively stable and can be directly observed by most interested scientists.

The world of physics is abuzz with the possible discovery of a fifth fundamental force, acting alongside gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces.

The seed was an unusual peak that a team of Hungarian physicists saw. Actually, they were looking for one of the candidates for dark matter particles - the so-called . To do this, a piece of lithium-7 was taken, which was irradiated with protons of relatively low energy. As a result, beryllium-8 isotope was obtained in an excited state. Such an isotope can emit either a photon or an electron-positron pair.

An unusual peak is observed at an angle of about 140 degrees and only for protons with energies of 1.10 and 1.04 MeV.

In the experiment, they monitored the angle at which the electron and positron were emitted. It was expected that the greater the angle between them, the fewer such pairs. But it turned out that at an angle of 140 degrees there are slightly more particles than at neighboring ones. Such a peak can be explained if we introduce the existence of a previously unknown boson - it is now simply called the X boson. The authors of the original experiment hope that this is the dark photon they were looking for. The experiment went on for more than three years and was archived last year.

And in April of this year, a theoretical article by an American group appeared in the archives, which proposed an equally elegant explanation - this boson is the carrier of a previously unknown fifth fundamental interaction. In support of their opinion, they also cited a couple of inconsistencies in other experiments, which can also be explained by this hypothesis.

The problem, however, is that so far no one else has checked the Hungarians, although work seems to be going on. And they have a rather strange thing there: the peak at 140 degrees is visible only if beryllium-8 is produced by protons with energies of 1.10 and 1.04 MeV. If it is produced by protons with an energy of 1.2 or 0.8 MeV, then the peak magically disappears.

Well, it’s strange, of course, that such a light particle (and the X boson has a mass 50 times less than the mass of a proton) was not noticed in experiments before.

In general, as usual in such situations, it’s too early to go for the hype. We will wait for future experiments from independent groups. Well, theorists, of course, will still give birth to hypotheses, one more bizarre than the other, until the flight of their imagination is limited by new experimental data.

In a recent interview, Professor G.N. Dulnev, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Russia, expressed an interesting assumption. Science knows four fundamental interactions in nature - electromagnetic and gravitational on the scale of the macrocosm, weak to strong on the scale of the microcosm. However, in last years In scientific circles, the possibility of the existence of another remote interaction in the macrocosm is being discussed - spin or torsion, which records, stores and transmits information through a spinor or torsion field. The physical nature of this fifth interaction is apparently completely different from that of the other four interactions, since the transfer of information here occurs, it seems, without the expenditure of energy. There are good reasons to believe that torsion fields are also responsible for parapsychological phenomena. We turned to a major specialist in torsion fields to CEO Inter-industry scientific and technical center for venture non-traditional technologies to Anatoly Evgenievich Akimov with a request to tell in more detail about the state of affairs in this, frankly speaking, intriguing field of knowledge.
The first reports of torsion fields appeared in the public press only a few years ago. The reaction of scientists by this time was quite contradictory. In the West, for example, there was a firm conviction that even if these fields exist in nature, due to their extreme weakness they are virtually unobservable and therefore have no practical significance.
However, our domestic scientists decided to take a different look at this problem and launched an “assault” on torsion fields. They, of course, had predecessors. The first of them I would name the great electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. When asked how he manages to transmit electricity over long distances without wires, he answered: “Those who think that I transmit electricity are mistaken!” What then was transmitted? After all, the electric motor, located several kilometers from the Tesla installation, began to rotate when turned on! The energy of torsion fields was probably transmitted.
Second in the line of specialists who tried to experiment with torsion fields should be our compatriot Anatoly Aleksandrovich Beridze-Stokowski. Based on his intuition, he created a series of field generators of different designs, which by all indications are torsion.
Third in importance I would name Doctor of Technical Sciences Gennady Aleksandrovich Sergeev, who developed emitters based, as he claims, on the properties of liquid crystals. True, in my opinion, these are different substances, but that’s not the point. Sergeev's sensors work successfully, probably using torsion principles.
Impressive results were achieved by the Khabarovsk discoverer Zen Kan Zhen, who, using the signal generator he invented, bred chickens with paws... ducks and performed other “miracles.” Torsion fields were, unfortunately, studied by the late Nikolai Evseevich Fedorenko and a strange man for many, Alexander Alexandrovich Deev. Indeed, in his experiments he used to present the desired results as actual ones. However, I was personally convinced that most of his devices are torsion generators.
When we say that torsion fields are involved in parapsychological phenomena, we mean a firmly proven fact: the fields generated by psychics are torsion. Several dozen experiments have been carried out confirming this. Many of them were duplicated in St. Petersburg by Professor Dulnev and in Lvov, in a branch of our research center.
The theory of torsion fields has now been developed quite deeply. It goes back to the ideas of the Japanese scientist Uchiyama, who assumed: if elementary particles have a set of independent parameters, then each of them should have its own field - electromagnetic charge, gravitational mass, and spin or torsion back. Unlike the electromagnetic and gravitational fields, which have central symmetry, the torsion field has axial symmetry, that is, this field spreads from sources in the form of two cones. Moreover, it is not escaped by known natural environments. And the most important question is the speed of its spread. There is an assumption that it is significantly superior to light. This is evidenced, for example, by the famous experiments of N.A. Kozyrev on instant recording of the visible and actual positions of stars in the sky. By the way, he covered the optics of the telescope with an anti-electromagnetic screen, but the signal from the star nevertheless passed through. So it was a torsion field.
It should be emphasized that torsion radiation is an inevitable component of electromagnetic fields. Thus, most radio engineering and electronic devices serve as sources of torsion fields, with a right-handed field of rotation improving people’s well-being, and a left-handed field worsening it. The notorious geopathogenic zones are also created by background torsion radiation, and only special screens can protect people living in them from harmful consequences.
All the known features of torsion fields allowed us to imagine what the generators of these radiations might look like. The material developed in our center gives grounds to identify several classes of torsion generators that can be created and are being created today.
These are, first of all, as already mentioned, various radio-electronic devices and devices. The second class is installations operating on the basis of specially organized spin ensembles. The third is generators with spin ordering. By the way, these also include permanent magnets, which, as is known, ensure the magnetization of water. Obviously, this is only possible due to the torsion field.
The fourth class is shape generators. Apparently, even the ancients knew about the effect of form - let us at least remember
famous Egyptian pyramids, which have a number of unusual properties. By the way, the above-mentioned Zen Kan Zhen also gives special shape to their miraculous generators.
The question may arise, is it really torsion fields that function in these generators, and not something else? There is only one answer: you need a screen that cuts off the torsion field. And we created such a screen. The generator sent a torsion signal, and its effect was recorded at the object. Then, on the path of the beam, we placed two plates with the same orientation of their torsion fields. The impact continued. Then the generator beam was blocked by plates with orthogonal orientation of their spins, and the effect disappeared. And the electromagnetic field passed through the screen!
The production of synthetic anti-torsion screens from films for sale to the public has now been organized. They can be used for protection from geopathogenic radiation (underlayment, for example, under a bed), from radiation from computers, television receivers and other radio-electronic devices. New structural materials are being created with unique properties. For example, we and Ukrainian scientists have produced steel that is twice as strong and six times as ductile as normal. The most Various types sensors that respond to torsion fields.
These days, this area of activity has ceased to be exotic. Now many organizations, enterprises and research institutes are involved in it. Theoretical research is carried out according to a program approved Nobel laureate, Academician A. M. Prokhorov. Huge contribution Academician E. S. Fradkin, Doctors of Science D. M. Gitman, V. G. Bagrov, D. D. Ivanenko, I. L. Bukhbinder contribute to the research of torsion fields. Interesting results were obtained by Shipov, Gubarev, Avramenko, Parkhomov and others. We are supported by many famous scientists, including Academician N.N. Bogolyubov.
The prospects for using torsion fields are great. It is enough to mention new generations of computers with micro-level elements with truly incredible computing capabilities. I am not even talking about the natural scientific significance of the discovery of the fifth fundamental interaction, which, in all likelihood, is torsion fields. It will literally change our understanding of nature. If the current century has passed under the sign of electromagnetism, then the next one, I am absolutely sure of this, will be the century of torsion energy.

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