Service weapons are a set of firearms and non-firearms that are used by government employees, with the right to store, carry, operate for the purposes of self-defense and perform official tasks. Such weapons must be loaded exclusively with standard ammunition. In most cases, carrying a service weapon excludes firing in bursts for mass destruction living targets.

Purpose

The use of service weapons is associated, first of all, with preventing actions of citizens that go against the norms of current legislation. Moreover, only representatives of the executive branch can use combat units to kill. Exploitation firearms, capable of hitting targets with fatal, is classified as an extreme measure of atrocity.

In what cases is it permissible to use service weapons?

All cases in which shooting to kill is permitted are clearly described in the provisions of the Law “On the Police”. It is noted here that it is allowed to point combat weapons at persons who are committing an offense that is potentially dangerous to the lives of citizens, who are trying to harm animals, or take possession of infrastructure or transport.

In most cases, to prevent crime, it is enough to use a pneumatic service self-defense weapon. Open demonstration of weapons, bringing them into combat readiness, firing warning shots, and other manipulations without firing are often suitable measures to prevent the actions of attackers.

Policeman's service weapon

According to legal regulations, police officers have the right to use firearms in the following situations:

1. When attacking a law enforcement representative or attempting to seize service weapons.
2. In order to protect the population from the actions of intruders that are potentially dangerous to life and health.
3. During operations to free hostages. Moreover, a police officer has the right to use weapons in such situations only against persons who are capable of causing physical harm to the victims.
4. When chasing a dangerous criminal, it is necessary to detain an attacker who has committed an offense and is trying to hide from the police officers, making aggressive counteraction.
5. If it is necessary to prevent capture government agencies, private objects, public buildings.
6. When trying to release a citizen who is in custody or sentenced to imprisonment.

Features of the use of weapons by employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs

According to the norms of current legislation, an employee of internal affairs bodies has the right to enter private, business and government buildings, regardless of the time of day, using cocked weapons for self-defense. In this situation, it is allowed to destroy various structural elements with the help of weapons, which prevents further movement into the premises. In this case, notification of the owners of the object is an optional measure.

Representatives of this structure are allowed to use service weapons of the Ministry of Internal Affairs when performing an operation to stop a moving vehicle. vehicle. Such decisions are permitted in the presence of a potentially dangerous situation for the civilian population. If an aggressive driver continues to ignore demands to stop, mechanical damage to the vehicle using a weapon is allowed.

An employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs also has the right to fire to kill if necessary to neutralize dangerous animals whose behavior poses a threat to the health and life of citizens.

Right to armed entry into premises

According to the provisions of the Law “On Police”, there are several legal grounds for law enforcement officers to enter premises during which their service weapons are used:

1. If it is necessary to rescue injured persons or citizens who are hostage to an emergency situation.
2. In case of riots inside buildings.
3. For which they are considered as perpetrators of serious illegal acts.
4. In order to prevent illegal acts.

Standards for the legality of the use of weapons by law enforcement officers

A police officer has the right to draw, cock and activate a combat weapon only in certain situations. Law enforcement officers are allowed to actively resist if unauthorized persons try to touch their service weapons and continue to approach the police officer if there are warnings.

At the same time, government employees are prohibited from using weapons against women, minors, and people with disabilities. However, if the listed citizens carry out aggressive actions, attacking a police officer or others, it is permitted to use cold steel, pneumatic self-defense weapons, and in some cases firearms.

Shooting to kill is a fairly serious, radical measure even for a law enforcement representative. These actions often result in severe bodily harm to civilians. In special situations, firing leads to casualties. In such cases, the police officer is obliged to prove the existence of legal grounds for such a decision by submitting a corresponding report in writing.

Eventually

As a conclusion, it is worth noting once again that a government agency employee has the right to fire to kill only if there is real threat personal safety, health and life of others, as well as theft of property. Moreover, law enforcement officials are recommended to use weapons in order to prevent crimes and stabilize the detention of a criminal.

In early September, patrol officer Andrei Raisky died at the Kurskaya metro station in Moscow: the policeman was killed by a bullet from his own Makarov pistol. Behind Lately This is not the first time that service weapons not only do not help police officers, but even turn against them. And this despite the fact that attackers are increasingly attacking law enforcement officers every year. The conclusion is disappointing: Russian police have fire training big problems. In the difficult relationship between law enforcement officers and their service weapon I figured it out.

Victims in uniform

In the last two months, several high-profile attacks on police officers have been carried out in Russia, during which law enforcement officers showed surprising defenselessness. On July 27, at the Slovak Embassy in Moscow, a 17-year-old boy with a knife attacked a 30-year-old police captain and platoon commander. special regiment police for the protection of diplomatic missions. The captain got a few stab wounds, including penetrating the chest, and was hospitalized. He did not use his service weapon. The policeman's attacker escaped; he was detained two days later.

On August 23, 31-year-old native of Kabardino-Balkaria Renat Kunashev, in Sivtsev Vrazhek Lane, not far from the main building, shot at two policemen from a Stechkin traumatic pistol, converted to a live cartridge. Law enforcement officers returned fire from their service weapons. The recording shows that the shootout in a narrow alley lasts half a minute, while Kunashev does not even try to hide from the bullets, while the police are hiding behind cars. The attacker, according to various sources, managed to fire from 10 to 20 shots, wounding one policeman in the leg. In the end, Kunashev received a bullet in the head, the wound turned out to be fatal.

Youtube / investigative committee Russian Federation

On the evening of August 21, a 23-year-old resident of the Moscow region, armed with a knife, confronted two police officers in Klin. To stop the attacker, they fired into the air, which had no effect. As a result, the robber was subdued, but he managed to wound both law enforcement officers.

Finally, on the night of September 3, patrol service officer Andrei Raisky was found dead in an office building at the Kurskaya metro station; The cause of his death was a gunshot wound to the head. A 42-year-old visitor from Orenburg, Nurlan Muratov, was detained on suspicion of committing a crime. According to the investigation, Raisky stopped Muratov for inspection and took him to an office building. There, Muratov snatched the policeman’s service pistol and shot him. According to another version, which, however, raises doubts, the accused hit Raisky several times on the head with a blunt object, but he managed to take out a pistol and shoot, but the bullet ricocheted in a cramped room and hit him in the eye.

In all cases, the service weapon did not help the police in any way. During the attack at the Slovak Embassy, ​​the police did not even use it; In Klin, for some reason, the patrolmen fired into the air; in the case at Kurskaya, the law enforcement officer apparently died from his own pistol. True, during the shootout near the Foreign Ministry building, the police still shot the attacker, but before that, the two of them had spent half a minute trying to hit the enemy, who was standing not far from them like a living target, without even trying to hide! It’s scary to think what would have happened if some militant with a serious weapon had been in the place of this shooter.

Weapon mess

According to Vladimir Vorontsov, founder of the Police Ombudsman community, today there is a Special Combat Training Center (CSBT) in the capital - it is located in the west of Moscow. Police speak highly of his instructors and methods. But there is one problem: the Center is not able to cover the entire metropolitan police garrison.

For employees working “on the ground,” shooting takes place once or twice a month, says Vorontsov. - What kind of classes are these? Pull the pistol out of the holster and hit the target with three bullets in ten seconds (exercise No. 2). That's all. But management cannot send employees to such classes without violating their labor rights. For example, a teaching staff employee works day and night. In theory, he should be called by order to shoot on a day off and given time off for this, but the units are catastrophically short-staffed, so there can be no time off. They get out of it as best they can.

Metropolitan Police departments periodically conduct staff assessments to determine their suitability for situations involving the use of firearms. True, for some reason the test tasks included the assembly and disassembly of pistols and theoretical questions about how much the weapon weighs and at what speed the bullet flies. Of course, this is useful knowledge, but it has a rather distant relationship with developing practical skills in using weapons.

The main place where ordinary police officers in the capital undergo their six-month initial training is the Professional Training Center of the Moscow Main Directorate on Klyazminskaya Street, popularly known as “Klyazma,” continues Lenta.ru’s interlocutor. - There is still an old shooting gallery there. They shoot there, but not nearly as thoughtfully as in the TsSBP. But at Klyazma, much attention is paid to all kinds of household work, cleaning the territory, drill and guard duty. It turns out that the employee must regularly visit shooting complexes at his own expense, but how can this be done with a salary of 43 thousand rubles? The most amazing thing is that some police somehow manage to do this.

Today, a lot of all kinds of new products in the field of weapons and equipment are being developed for security forces of various departments, including the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Meanwhile, the material and technical equipment of the police, Vorontsov notes, leaves much to be desired. These are old, uncomfortable holsters and pistols—sometimes from the 60s—and well-worn bulletproof vests. They weigh eight kilograms, and if you wear them 12 hours in a row for two years, health problems cannot be avoided.

A separate story is the legal assessment of the use of weapons, says Vorontsov. - The police are simply afraid to use it. On the one hand, the law says that every armed officer is an authorized representative of the authorities and himself interprets the requirements of the law in a particular situation. On the other hand, this interpretation of his has no meaning or authority for management and employees (TFR). They will then judge in their own way and accuse the policeman of exceeding his authority. In the end, the policeman with the pistol is faced with the choice of “either six will be punished or three will be judged.”

Ammo in short supply

Meanwhile, back in the 70s of the 20th century, a the new kind sport - practical shooting. It was created precisely as an applied discipline for American police: it turned out that standard exercises with weapons at a shooting range were not enough for law enforcement officers. Practical shooting fills these gaps: it reinforces the ability to quickly and correctly draw and hold a weapon, aim and press trigger. In addition, this sport involves the creation of increasingly new and more complex scenarios for the use of weapons. Exercises in it are carried out for a while, using special elements that distract and irritate the shooter.

Today, practical shooting is actively developing in Russia, and against this background, the low level of fire training of Russian police officers is especially noticeable. However, this is not surprising: since the times of the USSR, shooting ranges have not been provided for in standard police department buildings - they began to be included in projects only recently, in new buildings. This means that most police officers cannot regularly practice shooting by dropping into a shooting range before or after their shift. Of course, there are places like TsSBP, but it is unlikely that a law enforcement officer who is overloaded beyond measure will be able to visit them regularly, especially if he lives on the other side of the city or in the region.

Yes, some police departments have premises equipped for shooting - as, for example, on the famous Petrovka, 38. However, according to Lenta.ru's source, law enforcement agencies, classes there are very rare, and when they do happen, ammunition is frankly saved. While a typical training session at private shooting ranges may involve hundreds of rounds, being able to fire two eight-round magazines in a police shooting class is considered a great success. And there are no instructors nearby.

As a result, by training once or twice a month, police officers consolidate not their shooting skills, but rather their characteristic mistakes when shooting. This even affects the performance of the elementary and most important exercise for assessing the “combat readiness” of an employee, Exercise No. 2. A Lenta.ru source notes: in the fall of 2008, even in the legendary Moscow Criminal Investigation Department (MUR), many operatives were unable to complete exercise No. 2 with a satisfactory rating. As for police officers whose positions are not directly related to maintaining order on the streets, there are many among them who are simply afraid to pick up their service weapons. It is not surprising that when such a need arises, the most basic safety requirements are violated.

Transatlantic parallels

The only people who shoot well and shoot a lot are special forces soldiers, but not ordinary police officers,” says the chairman of the “Right to Arms” movement in an interview with Lenta.ru. - If we take the police in the USA for comparison, then, like ours, law enforcement officers report for every shot - they are strict about this. But every American police officer is a priori determined that the enemy may be armed, because there are a lot of weapons in the country. And across the ocean, law enforcement officers are immediately conditioned to the fact that they have the right to use weapons, because their main task is to return from their shift alive and healthy.

According to Shmelev, despite the fact that crime in Russia has changed a lot and has become more armed, police officers are still trained according to Soviet methods of the 60s of the last century. For example, the standard for drawing weapons and the first aimed shot- approximately 3.5-4 seconds. For comparison: for people who are passionate about defensive shooting (by no means top shooters), this standard is 1.2-1.3 seconds. Judging by the regulations, the police clearly have nowhere to rush.

But even for this, law enforcement officers are trained in a traditional shooting range, while in preparation Russian special forces Today, elements of training athletes in practical shooting are increasingly used, and competitions among special forces are conducted by certified judges in practical shooting. In the USA, police departments (analogues of our Ministry of Internal Affairs) take advantage of the opportunity to invite instructors from the National Rifle Association and pay them for training personnel.

For the American police, shooting training is one of the main disciplines; tests are regularly taken in it, continues the Lenta.ru interlocutor. - If you don’t pass, you lose bonuses, part of your salary, up to and including dismissal. In our police force, shooting training is taught by the same police officers. At the same time, there are practically no shooting ranges in local police departments; they cope with the situation as best they can. On the other hand, what choice do they have?

Rare trunks

Another important difference between American police and their Russian colleagues is that they carry weapons constantly, 24 hours a day. Even while not on duty, a law enforcement officer in the United States, if necessary, is obliged to take measures to suppress illegal actions. Russian police, on the contrary, carry weapons only at work, handing them over at the end of their shift. And then in uniform, but unarmed, they go home.

Finally, an important nuance is the weapon itself, notes Igor Shmelev. - American law enforcement officers can choose a service weapon from several options or purchase their own and carry it on duty. The only caveat: if the caliber is non-standard, the policeman will provide himself with ammunition. Plus, law enforcement officers both overseas and in Europe have very ergonomic service equipment that allows them to quickly draw weapons. In our country, only special forces can boast of this.

The Makarov pistol, the main service weapon of the Russian police, was put into service in 1951 and became obsolete by the end of the 20th century, just like the 9x18 cartridge for which it was developed. Supporters of the pistol cite a number of its advantages, in particular its special stopping power. But in modern world this is far from the main thing. But the Makar’s unsuitability for short-term skirmishes makes it useful only at the firing line.

For comparison: in the USA and many European countries, revolvers and pistols of a larger caliber than the 9x18 cartridge are considered to be the service weapons of the police. Such ammunition is more powerful and deadlier, but more expensive. And the weapons themselves, which are in service with law enforcement forces abroad, are much newer: the same Glock 17 (adopted into service in 1980) today has several special straps for attaching target designators, sights and flashlights, and a pair of pads are always included with it on the handle, taking into account the individual characteristics of the owner. A Glock-19, SIG Sauer 266, Colt, Heckler und Koch- even younger. What can I say - both in the USSR and in Russia, the pistols in service with the police were developed for army officers. Simply put, for completely different tasks. Any foreign company, even a Chinese one, clearly distinguishes between army and police pistols.

***

When asked about shooting training for police officers, the press center of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs explained to Lente.ru that citizens recruited to serve in internal affairs bodies undergo professional training to perform official duties, including in conditions involving the use of firearms. This training is carried out in universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, as well as in vocational training centers territorial bodies Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

"At the end vocational training Fire training classes are held at the employees' place of duty at least once every two weeks. Monitoring of professional readiness, including skills in using firearms, is carried out in classes on professional service and physical training at the employees’ place of duty,” the department reported.

As noted in the press service, a set of exercises is provided to confirm skillful use of service weapons. According to a representative of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, each of them is designed in such a way that during training an employee acquires the skills of firing in a wide variety of situations. The use of firearms by employees is regulated by the requirements of Article 23 of the Federal Law “On Police”.

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Russian police adopts new more powerful pistols designer Yarygin 6P35 "Rook" and submachine guns PP-2000 "Vityaz". The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation claims that rearmament is a logical continuation of the reforms of last year (renaming the police into police). According to a representative of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the police will be armed with pistols and submachine guns, adapted specifically for shooting in urban conditions. The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation believes that there is only one inconvenience in this rearmament - the need to train people in the use of this particular, fundamentally new weapon. The ability to shoot a Makarov pistol and a Kalashnikov assault rifle will not help here. Namely, these models of weapons have been in service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Defense for decades. This was convenient: commanders could be sure that a young policeman who had served in the army would be able to shoot from a Kalashnikov assault rifle or a Makarov pistol. After rearmament, it will be necessary to spend weeks and months retraining the Ministry of Internal Affairs employees. Submachine guns "Vityaz" and pistols "Grach" - completely new powerful weapon, moreover, the Makarov pistol has only eight cartridges in its magazine, while the “Rook” pistol has seventeen, which is also a significant advantage.

The process of rearmament in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation will be divided into stages. At the first stage, the rearmament of police special forces special forces began (the first pistols of the new Grach design were received by the Moscow special forces). Police Major General Vyacheslav Khaustov, head of the Special Forces Center of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for Moscow, promised that the center’s employees special purpose will switch to using new, more convenient pistol Yarygina "Rook", as soon as possible.

In the near future, it is also planned to replace the outdated army Kalashnikov assault rifle with a more modern and more powerful weapon. According to the plan, the PP-2000 "Vityaz" - a fundamentally new powerful automatic weapons 9mm caliber (the Kalashnikov assault rifle has a 5.45 mm caliber). The PP-2000 "Vityaz" has a number of other advantages over the Kalashnikov assault rifle - the PP-2000 "Vityaz" has: greater accuracy of fire, increased penetration, greater lethality (the wound from a 9mm bullet is much more serious than from a 5.45 mm bullet), magazine capacity is PP-2000 "Vityaz" 44 rounds instead of 30 for the Kalashnikov assault rifle, the rate of fire of the PP-2000 "Vityaz" is higher than that of the AKSu-74.

It is for these reasons, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation claims, that the Grach pistol and the PP-2000 Vityaz submachine gun are more suitable for them than the Makarov pistol and Kalashnikov assault rifle.

Reference:

9mm pistol MP443 "Rook"

Pistol "Rook"

Pistol "Rook" disassembled

At the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant, the development of the Grach pistol was carried out by a design group led by leading engineer Vladimir Yarygin, who was known as a designer of sports pistols. The standard small-caliber pistol IZH-35 (since 1986 - IZH-35M), developed with his direct participation, has been mass-produced at the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant since 1978. With a pistol of this model, the leading shooters of the Soviet Union/Russia national team won a number of top titles at world, European and Olympic Games.

During the development of the design, the main attention was paid to achieving high reliability characteristics. And therefore, most of the incorporated design solutions are traditional. The automation operates on the principle of recoil of the barrel with a short stroke, locking by warping the barrel due to a cam groove located in the lower part of the barrel, located on the protrusion of the barrel, interacting with the shutter stop axis. The barrel is locked by inserting a protrusion on the breech of the barrel into the extraction window. The pistol frame is steel. The trigger mechanism is of the hammer type, with a compression spring and self-cocking. The double-sided safety lever is located on the frame. When turned on, the hammer mechanism can be blocked in both the cocked and deflated state. In the “safety” position, the sear, trigger, hammer and bolt are blocked. The ability to lock the striking mechanism in the cocked state allows you to fire the first shot after turning off the safety with a low trigger force, which increases the probability of a hit on the first shot. The ejector, which protrudes noticeably above the surface of the bolt when a cartridge is chambered, simultaneously serves as an indicator of the presence of a cartridge.

The cartridges are fed from a double-row 17-round magazine, secured with a latch located on the left side of the frame, under the thumb. right hand. If necessary, it can be remounted to right side framework.

The 6P35 pistol has a barrel length of 114.5 mm, dimensions 190x140x38 mm, unloaded weight 1.00 kg.

Disassembling the pistol for cleaning and lubrication in the field is done without special tools: to do this, you need to sequentially separate: the magazine, stop the bolt, and move the bolt forward from the frame with the barrel and the return mechanism.

How did it become traditional for Russian small arms, choosing a pistol for rearmament Russian army was held on a competitive basis. The Izhevsk "Rook" passed competitive tests with a sample developed at the Central Research Institute of Precision Engineering (Klimovsk, Moscow Region). At the research site of the Russian Ministry of Defense, the samples were tested for service life and trouble-free operation in normal and difficult conditions (shooting without lubrication, at temperatures from minus 50 to plus 50 degrees Celsius, in dusty conditions, in rain). The total volume of tests in difficult conditions amounted to almost 1.5 thousand shots. As a result, the Izhevsk model met most of the strict requirements of the army. The effectiveness of the shooting was assessed by members of the FSB unit. When performing the exercises of the FSB shooting course with the new pistol, 65 percent of the participants completed them “excellent” and “good.” In general, the Yarygin design sample demonstrated its advantages over a competing design and was recommended for adoption by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB and the Russian Army, but has so far been adopted only by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation,

According to its consumer qualities and technical specifications the MP443 "Rook" pistol from the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant is at the most modern level, and in some respects it is superior to its Western counterparts.

9mm pistol MP443 "Rook" TTX
Caliber, mm 9x19 7N21; 9x19 Luger
starting speed, m/s 460; 340
Overall dimensions, mm 190x140x38
Barrel length, mm 114.5
Rifling 6, right-hand -
Cutting pitch, mm 350 -
Weight without cartridges, kg 1.0
Magazine capacity, 17 rounds
Trigger gain, N:
With trigger cocked<25,5
When firing by self-cocking<57,0

Submachine gun PP-2000 "Vityaz"

The PP-2000 submachine gun was developed at the Instrument Engineering Design Bureau (KBP) in Tula, Russia, and was first shown publicly in 2004, although a patent for its design was registered back in 2001. The PP-2000 is clearly intended to be either a self-defense weapon for military personnel (PDW) or as a close-combat weapon for special operations forces, both army and police/militia, primarily for operations in urban environments. PP-2000 is extremely compact and lightweight, with a minimum number of parts and a simple design, ensuring easy operation and low cost. The ability to use high-power armor-piercing ammunition 7N21 and 7N31, originally developed for the GSh-18 pistol, allows the PP-2000 to be used to combat opponents wearing personal protective equipment (helmets, body armor), as well as to effectively hit targets inside vehicles. Moreover, compared to small-caliber analogues produced in Western countries, such as the Belgian 5.7mm FN P90 or the German 4.6mm HK MP-7, the PP-2000, thanks to the use of 9mm bullets, provides greater effectiveness against targets not protected by body armor. Currently, the PP-2000 is already in serial production and is entering service with the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

The PP-2000 submachine gun is built on the basis of automatic blowback action. The PP-2000 fires from a closed bolt, with a trigger mechanism. The body of the submachine gun is made of integral plastic with a pistol grip and an enlarged trigger guard, allowing, if necessary, to hold the weapon with two hands. The bolt protrudes from the body above the barrel; in its front part there is a bolt cocking handle that can be tilted to the right or left. The magazine is inserted into the pistol grip, the magazine release button is located at the base of the trigger guard. The safety switch is located on the left side of the weapon, above the pistol grip, and ensures firing of both single shots and bursts. A distinctive feature of the PP-2000, protected by a patent, is that there is a slot for a spare magazine in the rear part of its body. With a magazine inserted into this socket, it can be used as a rudimentary shoulder rest (stock). Modern serial versions of the PP-2000 are equipped with a detachable side-folding buttstock, installed in a slot for a spare magazine. On the upper surface of the receiver cover there is a Picatinny rail type guide, which allows the installation of various additional sighting devices on the corresponding brackets.

Submachine gun PP-2000 "Vityaz" TTX
Caliber: 9x19mm Luger/Para and 9x19 7Н31
Weight: about 1.4 kg
Length (stock folded/opened): 340 / 582 mm
Barrel length: no data
Rate of fire: 600 rounds per minute
Magazine capacity: 20 or 30 rounds
Effective range: up to 100 meters.

For a long time there has been talk about the need to replace the obsolete PM pistol. Back in the 80s, the development of a promising pistol based on the theme “Rook” began. Samples of weapons were created that met the requirements of the military. These were the SPS, GSh-18, PYa pistols and the modernized Makarov PMM pistol.

The PMM pistol used 9x18 mm PMM cartridges with a lightweight conical bullet and an increased powder charge, the SPS pistol used powerful cartridges with a 9x21 mm armor-piercing bullet (the cartridge is made on the basis of the standard 9x18 mm cartridge case), the GSh-18 and PYA cartridges use 9x19 mm Para cartridges, more precisely, their Russian analogues 7N21 and 7N31 with increased bullet penetration. Let's delve into history to understand the tasks assigned to Russian gunsmiths.

First, let's return to the post-war competition for a new pistol for the army and police of the USSR.

The Nagan revolver was adopted for service in Tsarist Russia and by the beginning of the Second World War it was considered an obsolete model. The Nagan used cartridges with a cylindrical bullet recessed into the sleeve with low penetration and stopping effect. The advantages of the revolver were the simplicity and reliability of the design, subsonic bullet speed and the ability to use a silencer, the absence of breakthrough of powder gases between the drum and the barrel due to pushing the drum onto the barrel, fairly high accuracy and accuracy of fire at a distance of up to 50 m. The disadvantages include a weak cartridge and inconvenience of reloading a 7-charge drum.

ON FIRE TRAINING

Theoretical foundations of fire training

employees of the internal affairs bodies of Russia)

(for 2nd year cadets)

Cadet __________________________________________________________

Full Name.

Study group___________ Specialty __________________________

East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

Workshop on fire training / Irkutsk: “East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia”, 2014 - 30 p.

The workshop was prepared by the team of the department of tactical-special and fire training of the East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, consisting of:

Associate Professor of the Department of Police Colonel P.A. Sankov;

Lecturer of the department, police lieutenant colonel D.B. Kavetsky.

The workshop was discussed and approved

at the department meeting ____________ protocol No.___________

Topic 1. Firearms in service in units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Topic 2. Safety measures when handling weapons and ammunition.

Topic 3. Basics of ballistics.

Topic 4. Makarov pistol.

INTRODUCTION

The workshop was prepared in accordance with the requirements of working training programs in the discipline “Fire training” for cadets and students of the East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, studying in all specialties.

The workshop promotes deep and effective assimilation and consolidation of educational material in the theoretical section of the discipline “Fire training”.

The ability to wield a weapon is a fairly comprehensive concept and includes knowledge of the material part of a weapon, safety measures when handling it, the theoretical foundations of making a well-aimed shot, shooting techniques and rules, the legal basis for using weapons, as well as the ability to confidently perform actions with a weapon.

For each topic in the workshop, a supporting summary is provided, which allows you to study the educational material in sufficient volume. The basic outline includes a list of educational questions, a list of basic literature and a brief summary of the material being studied. In addition, at the end of each topic there are self-test questions and self-preparation tasks so that the student can test his knowledge in preparation for the lesson. The blank part of the notes must be completed under the guidance of the teacher in class, or independently during self-study.

SCHEDULE

Accounting for the implementation of practical tasks of the workshop

Topic number and title	List of tasks	Review date and completion date	Teacher's signature

Topic 1. Firearms in service with units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs

Lesson objectives:

1. To develop students’ knowledge about small arms, their tactical and technical characteristics (TTC) and the main types of small arms in service with the Russian Internal Affairs Directorate.

2. Study the basic concepts characterizing firearms.

1.1. Basic concepts and definitions:

Federal Law "On Weapons" dated December 13, 1996 N 150-FZ gives the following definitions:

weapon- _____________________________________________________________ __________

firearms - _______________________________________ _______________

steel arms - ________________________________________________ _______________

throwing weapon - __________________________________________ _______________

Airguns - ________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

gas weapon - _______________________________________________ __________

ammunition- ________________________________________________________ __________

cartridge - _____________________________________________________________ _____

signal weapon - _____________________________________________ _____

GOST 28653-90 “Small arms. Terms and Definitions” establishes terms and definitions in the field of characteristics of small arms.

Design characteristics:

Caliber of small arms. Caliber - _______________________________ _______________

Rate of fire from small arms - (T pp. per minute) - _____ __________

Rate of fire of small arms - __________________________ _____

Small arms store - _______________________________ _____

Practical rate of fire of small arms - _________________

Capacity (capacity) of a small arms magazine - __________ _____

Sighting device for small arms - ___________________ __________

Weight characteristics of the weapon include:

· ____________________________________

· ____________________________________

· ____________________________________

· ____________________________________

Ballistic characteristics of weapons - __________________________ _______________

Delay in firing small arms. Delay - ______________

Firearms in service with the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, their purpose and main characteristics.

Write a definition of the listed types of weapons, their main characteristics and names of weapons in service with the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs:

Gun

Revolvers

Submachine gun __________

____________________

Automatic _____

Rifle (Sniper Rifle) _____

_________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Grenade launcher

__________________________________________________

Special weapons

________________________________________________________________

3. Complete the workshop.

Questions for self-control