Types of deer. List, description, photo

Deer is an animal of the chordate type, class Mammals, order Artiodactyla, family Deer (deer) ( Cervidae). The article provides a description of the family.

The deer received its modern name thanks to the Old Slavic word “elen”. This is what the ancient Slavs called a slender animal with branched horns.

Deer: description and photo. What does the animal look like?

The sizes of members of the family vary greatly. The height of the reindeer ranges from 0.8 to 1.5 meters, the body length is 2 meters, and the weight of the deer is about 200 kg. The small tufted deer barely reaches 1 meter in length and weighs no more than 50 kg.

The most slender body is distinguished by the red deer, which has a proportional build, an elongated neck and a light, slightly elongated head. The eyes of a deer are yellow-brown in color, with deep tear grooves located nearby. The wide forehead is slightly concave.

Some types of deer have thin, graceful limbs, others have short legs, but all are united by well-developed leg muscles and the presence of toes spaced apart and connected by membranes.

A deer's teeth are a good indicator of its age. Based on the degree of grinding of the fangs and incisors, curvature and angle of inclination, a specialist can accurately determine the age of the deer.

All species, except the antlerless water deer, are distinguished by branched antlers (called antlers), and only males are distinguished by such bone formations.

Reindeer is the only deer species in which females have antlers just like males, but are much smaller.

Most species of deer that live in temperate latitudes shed their antlers every year. In their place, new ones immediately begin to grow, first consisting of cartilage, then overgrown with bone tissue. A deer's antlers grow depending on its diet: the denser the diet, the faster the antlers grow. Deer living in the tropics do not shed their antlers for years, and the inhabitants equatorial belt don't lose them at all.

The main function of a deer’s antlers is protection and attack, and their power determines the chances of a particular male individual to emerge victorious in a duel for a female deer. Reindeer use their antlers as tools, digging out snow with them to get to moss. The span of the horns of a seasoned male deer is 120 cm.

Deer sheds its antlers

And this deer has grown antlers of an atypical shape

Deer skin is covered with fur, thin and short summer, and in winter longer and denser.

The color of deer fur depends on the species and can be brown, coffee-brown, red-brown, brownish, gray, red, plain, with spots and marks.

Deer is an animal that is among the twenty fastest.

The speed of a deer escaping from a chase can reach 50-55 km/h.

Deer live in European and Asian countries, in Russia, and feel at ease in North and South America, Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In conditions wildlife The average lifespan of a deer is 15-20 years. In zoos and reindeer farms, with good care, deer live up to 25-30 years.

Deer are animals that are quite unpretentious to their environment. They feel great on the plains, and in areas with mountainous terrain, and in wetlands, and in the zone of tundra mosses and lichens.

Many species inhabit extremely wet places, choosing to live in areas near water bodies. Preferring a mainly nomadic lifestyle, deer are found in forests with their herb glades in summer period, in winter they wander into impenetrable thickets, since there are usually fewer snow drifts there and it is easier to find food under a thin layer of snow.

Deer is a herbivorous animal, the diet of which depends on its species and habitat. In spring and early summer, deer feed on cereals, umbellifers, and legumes. Deer food in summer includes nuts, chestnuts, mushrooms, berries, and plant seeds.

During the warm season, deer eat buds, leaves and young shoots of trees and shrubs: maple, rowan, aspen, viburnum. Deer will not refuse pears, apples and other fruits. In winter, deer are forced to feed on the bark and branches of plants, pine needles, acorns and lichens.

Animals make up for the lack of minerals in the body with salt obtained from salt licks, chew soil rich in mineral salts, and drink water from mineral springs. To compensate for protein deficiency, deer gnaw on their own shed antlers and are forced to consume bird eggs.

Types of deer, names and photographs

The modern classification of the deer family includes 3 subfamilies, 19 genera and 51 species. In addition to deer, representatives of the family include fallow deer, pudu, roe deer, moose, as well as mazamas, muntjacs, axis, sambars and barasinga.

The most interesting varieties of deer are rightfully considered to be the following:

• Noble deer(Cervus elaphus)

It belongs to the genus true deer and includes 15 subspecies. Representatives of the species are united by a characteristic white spot under the tail, which rises above the tailbone. There is no spotting in the color of red deer in summer. Deer antlers are distinguished by a significant number of branches (especially in European deer), forming a characteristic crown at the end of each antler. Depending on the subspecies, the size of a deer can be 2.5 meters in length and 1.3-1.6 meters at the withers, with a weight of over 300 kg (deer and wapiti). A small Bukhara deer weighs just under 100 kg and grows to 170-190 cm.

The animal's diet in the spring and summer consists of various legumes, grass and grains. In winter, deer feed on shoots of bushes and trees, fallen leaves, various mushrooms, chestnuts, and tree bark. If there is a lack of food, deer can eat spruce or pine needles, lichens and acorns. Great importance For the normal life of these mammals, there is a salt balance, which they maintain on natural or artificial salt marshes.

The red deer lives over a fairly wide area, covering Western European, Scandinavian countries, Algeria, the Moroccan Republic and China, as well as both American continents, Australia and New Zealand. The main condition is the presence of a fresh body of water nearby. Red deer live on one certain territory herds of up to 10 individuals, although after the mating season their number can increase to 30.

• or caribou(Rangifer tarandus)

It stands out among its relatives by its upper lip, completely covered with hair, and the presence of horns in individuals of both sexes. The body size of an adult male is 1.9-2.1 meters with a weight of 190 kg, the female reindeer(which also has the name vazhenka) grows up to 1.6-1.9 m and weighs up to 123 kg. The reindeer is a stocky animal, lacking the gracefulness inherent in deer and having a slightly elongated skull shape.

Reindeer food: grass that grows in abundance in the tundra, leaves of bushes, mushrooms, various berries. With a lack of protein nutrition, deer find bird nests and eat bird eggs and even young chicks laid in them. Reindeer also feed on small rodents - lemmings. The main food for deer in the tundra in winter is reindeer moss. Reindeer compensate for the lack of minerals in their meager food by eating their own antlers, drinking sea water or visiting salt marshes.

Reindeer live in the tundra and taiga in Eurasia, North America and the islands of the Arctic Ocean. Numerous herds of reindeer live in lowland and mountain taiga regions, grazing in endless tundra and swampy expanses, making spring and winter migrations in search of food.

• Water deer(Hydropotes inermis)

The only antlerless deer in the family. The dimensions of the species are 75-100 cm in length, the height of the deer is 45-55 cm, and the body weight is 9-15 kg. An adult male deer is distinguished by saber-shaped curved fangs (teeth) that prominently protrude from under the upper lip. The skin is colored brownish-brown.

The main food of deer is leaves of bushes, young green grass, as well as juicy river sedge. Animals cause significant damage agriculture, making devastating raids on cultivated rice fields and destroying not only weeds, but also crop shoots.

Under natural conditions, water deer live in the floodplains of rivers in the eastern and central parts of China and the Korean Peninsula. Antlerless deer was brought to England and France, where it successfully adapted to the local climate. These animals lead a solitary lifestyle, finding a mate only during the rutting period. In search of food, they swim several kilometers, migrating between numerous islands in river deltas.

• or milu(Elaphurus davidianus)

A rare species of deer that completely died out in the wild at the beginning of the 20th century. Nowadays, they are trying to restore the population in Chinese reserves, where the species originally existed. Representatives of the species acquired their name thanks to Armand David, a French priest and naturalist.

The body length of an adult deer is 150-215 cm, height at the withers can reach 140 cm, and the weight of the deer reaches 150-200 kg. An exceptional feature of this species is that David's deer change their antlers twice a year. These animals have an elongated narrow head, atypical for deer, as well as long curly hair on the body.

The food of David's deer consists of grass, young branches and leaves of bushes, sugar cane and a variety of algae.

Unfortunately, this species is no longer observed in natural conditions. All known individuals live in nature reserves and zoos. David's deer are animals that lead a herd lifestyle. Even before and after the mating season, they prefer to stay in small groups of up to 10 individuals. During the rut for the right to possess a harem of females, males stage real massacres, using not only horns, but also teeth and forelimbs in the battle.

• White-faced deer(Przewalskium albirostris)

The animal has a large body up to 230 cm long and an impressive weight of up to 200 kg. The height of the deer at the withers is 1.3 m. This species received its name due to the white coloration of the neck and front of the head. Distinctive feature species are high, wide hooves and large white antlers of a deer.

The white-faced deer feeds on various grasses growing on spacious alpine meadows. As food, animals happily eat numerous types of clover, meadowsweet, grandiflora beech, angelica and variegated fescue. In addition, they often eat foliage from low-growing bushes.

The white-faced deer lives mainly in coniferous forests eastern Tibet and some Chinese provinces. The animals are found in the mountainous regions of the Alps, located at an altitude of more than 3,500 meters above sea level. They form communities, the number of which does not exceed 20 individuals. In search of food, deer often migrate to altitudes of up to 5000 m.

• Tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus)

The animal has a black-brown crest on its head, up to 17 cm long. Adult deer grow to a size of 110-160 cm with a body weight of 17-50 kg. The color of a deer can be dark brown or dark gray. The horns are short and unbranched, barely visible from under the crest.

In addition to the typical plant food, consisting of leaves of trees and shrubs, grass and various berries, tufted deer often eat small carrion, which is the protein component of the diet.

Deer live in the territory of South and East Asia in forests located at an altitude of more than 4500 m. Very cautious animals lead a solitary and isolated way of life. They meet with representatives of the opposite sex only during the rutting season. They are most active at dawn or dusk.

• White-tailed deer (Virginian deer) (Odocoileus virginianus)

The most common member of the family, lives in North America.

It got its name from the interesting color of its tail, the top of which is brown and the bottom is white. The northern part of the population has a height at the withers of up to 1 m, and a body weight of about 150 kg. Representatives of the population living on the Florida Keys grow up to 60 cm at the withers and weigh only 35 kg.

In spring and summer, deer eat green growth of bushes or trees, lush grass, and flowering plants. In addition, they raid agricultural fields where they destroy cereal crops. In autumn, deer eat fruits, berries and nuts. In winter, these animals have to make do with fallen leaves and branches.

White-tailed deer live on mountain slopes and in vast forests, as well as in the vast expanses of prairies and savannas in South and North America. Most of the time, Virginia deer lead a solitary lifestyle, gathering in small herds only during the mating season.

• pig deer(Axis porcinus)

It got its name for its original manner of movement, reminiscent of the movement of a pig. The height of the deer at the withers is 70 cm, the length of the body is 110 cm, the weight of the deer is about 50 kg. The animal has a fluffy tail, males are darker in color than females.

Deer live in the lowland landscapes of Pakistan, India, Thailand and other countries of South Asia. The species was also introduced to Australia and the USA. These animals lead a solitary lifestyle, rarely gathering in small herds.

Deer graze mainly at night, preferring to rest during the daytime, hiding in densely overgrown bushes. The deer's diet does not depend on the seasons and consists of a variety of grasses, as well as branches and leaves of low bushes.

• South Andean deer(Hippocamelus bisulcus)

The animal has a stocky build and short legs, adapted to move across mountainous landscapes. The deer measures 1.4-1.6 m in length and weighs 70-80 kg. Height at the withers is 80-90 cm. The deer's fur is brownish or gray-brown with white spots on the throat.

Deer live in the mountains of Chile and Argentina, where they live alone, gathering in small groups during the rut. Due to a sharp decline in the population, this species of deer is listed in the International Red Book.

The spring and summer diet of deer consists of a variety of grassy meadow vegetation. In winter and during snowfalls, they find food in wooded valleys. Here, deer food consists of leaves and young branches of bushes and trees.

• Dappled deer(Cervus nippon)

It grows in length up to 1.6-1.8 m with a weight of 75-130 kg. The size at the withers is 95-112 cm. The summer color of the deer is distinguished by a bright red-red color with white spotting; in winter the color fades.

Sika deer eat not only mushrooms, nuts, leaves and oak or alder shoots, but also a variety of herbs and berries. In winter, they find fallen leaves, last year's grass and acorns under the snow. In hungry years, the sika deer feeds on bark deciduous trees. Individuals living nearby sea ​​coast, happily eat seaweed thrown ashore and restore the mineral balance of the body with the help of sea salt.

Sika deer lead a herd lifestyle, gathering in small groups of 10–20 individuals. The distribution area of ​​this species covers the plains, mountains and foothills of the northern hemisphere. The sika deer lives on Far East, in central Russia and the Caucasus.

The largest member of the family

The most large mammal, part of the deer family, is elk ( Alces alces) . Adults can reach 2.3 meters in height at the withers and weigh 655 kg. The body length of a male moose is about 3 meters. The rather short body of the animal contrasts slightly with the long legs on wide hooves.

The elk's muzzle is more elongated compared to other representatives of the deer family, with large, fleshy lips. Regardless of gender, the fur of animals is dark brown, with the belly and legs being much lighter than the back and sides. Moose antlers have a flatter shape than other representatives of the genus. That is why the moose is called “elk”.

Moose live in many countries of the Northern Hemisphere; their range occupies a vast strip from the northern borders of the tundra to the forest-steppe regions in the south of Eurasia and North America. They live mainly in impassable thickets or wetlands, although they look for food on forest edges or along river banks. The diet of moose is varied and consists of forbs, mushrooms, berries, algae, tree branches and small shrubs.

The smallest deer in the world

Pudu- the smallest deer in the world. In the family Pudu There are only two types: southern pudu ( Pudu pudu) And Northern Pudu ( Pudu mephistophiles) . Pudu is a deer with a short body, the length of which rarely exceeds 90 cm, the height at the withers varies from 30 to 40 cm, the weight of the deer is from 7 to 10 kilograms, the length of short horns is from 7 to 10 cm. The thick short hair of the deer is colored brown -brown tint, the back and muzzle are somewhat darker, sometimes almost black.

The Pudu deer lives in the southern territories of Chile, Ecuador and Peru. The smallest deer in the world feeds on foliage and young branches of bushes and low trees. It does not form large herds, preferring to live alone, less often in pairs.

Although elk and deer belong to the same family, there are a number of significant differences between them.

• The antlers of elk and deer have differences: in moose they develop horizontally in relation to the surface of the earth and have wide spade-shaped branches. The deer's antlers fly up, and they are not so massive.
• Elk is the largest among the deer representatives. The weight of an elk can reach 655 kg. The weight of a deer does not exceed 350 kg, while for many species the average weight fluctuates around 150 kg.
• The legs of an elk are taller and thinner than those of a deer.
• Differences are also observed in public organization animals. Elk, unlike deer, never form a herd, but live alone or in pairs.

Deer on the left, elk on the right

True deer differ from roe deer, which are also part of this family, in the structure of their antlers and the way they feed.

• The surface of a roe deer's antlers is rough to the touch and covered with various tubercles; moreover, they do not have branches, like the antlers of a deer.
• Another significant difference between a roe deer and a deer is that a roe deer will never feed on tree bark and branches of trees or bushes, whereas for a deer this is a significant part of the diet.
• There is also a difference in feeding the offspring. If deer feed their young while standing, then in roe deer this process occurs in a lying position.

Deer on the left, roe deer on the right

Reproduction of deer

Basically, deer are a herd animal, although some species lead a solitary lifestyle and look for a mate only during the rut.

A herd of deer, consisting of females and cubs, is led during the mating period by a male, who protects his harem group from rivals. Most deer rut European species begins in the fall and continues until the beginning of winter.

Deer's roar mating season can be heard over a long distance. Skirmishes often occur between males, when rivals lock horns in an attempt to knock the opponent down. The weaker opponent quickly backs down. Antlerless male deer do not take part in tournaments, but try to slowly sneak into someone else's harem.

Puberty in deer occurs early: a female deer is ready for fertilization at the age of 1.5 years, males mature by 2-3 years. Depending on the species, the pregnancy of deer lasts 6 - 9 months.

A female deer chooses a safe place to give birth. One fawn is born, and in rare cases twins. The color of most species of newborn fawns is spotted, which is an excellent camouflage and protection in the first year of life.

As soon as it is born, a baby deer can already stand on its feet. After a month, the little fawn begins to independently nibble grass and young shoots of plants, but continues to feed on its mother’s milk, often throughout the first year of life.

At one year of age, a male deer develops small tubercles (horns) on his forehead, which are destined to become the first antlers without branches. In the following seasons, the number of branches continues to grow, and each new deer antlers become more massive and stronger.

• Male deer wear the most luxurious antlers from 5 to 12 years, then the crown decreases and the antlers weaken. The period when deer shed their antlers occurs in early to mid-spring; ossification occurs after 3 months.
• The first deer on the planet appeared on the territory of modern Asia, more than 33 million years ago. After another 10 million years, artiodactyl animals moved to the European part, and from there they crossed to the North American continent along the natural bridge that existed at that time. IN South America deer appeared only 2 million years ago.
• In many cultures, deer signifies nobility, grace and speed. Christians consider the deer to be the personification of loneliness, piety and purity.
• Despite the many natural enemies(wolves, lynxes, wolverines, big cats), the main enemy of the deer remains man. Since ancient times, deer have been mercilessly exterminated during trophy hunting, so popular throughout the world.
• The attitude of man towards deer is extremely contradictory: rare species are listed in the Red Book and are under the protection of many states. At the same time, deer is on the list of the most dangerous invasive species, because in some regions numerous populations actively eat rare plants, which leads to their complete disappearance.
• Unossified deer antlers (antlers) are of great value due to their unique healing properties. A hydroalcoholic extract obtained using antlers is used in pharmacology for the production of drugs prescribed for hypertension and diseases nervous system. A food supplement is produced from the ossified antlers of deer - a powerful immunostimulant.

Reindeer are very beautiful and stately animals. They have many “superpowers” ​​that allow them to survive in the Far North. Most people don't even know about some of them. Few people know what a female deer is called. Let's not waste time and tell you everything in order.

Before we find out what a female reindeer is called, let's talk a little about this species.

Habitats

Reindeer can be found in the tundra, taiga and forest-tundra, in areas richest in vegetation. Animals can live in mountainous, flat and even swampy areas. Favorite places deer - the banks of lakes and rivers, where the grass is especially lush and where there is water.

To be more specific, deer live in the following areas:

• mountainous regions of Norway;
• northern part of Russia;
• USA (Alaska);
• Canada.

In Sweden and Finland today only domestic reindeer live.

Super abilities

Unusual abilities allow deer to survive in the harsh northern terrain:

• They can dig through a meter-thick layer of snow in search of their favorite delicacy - reindeer moss. Usually they dig snow with their front legs, which have special structure: The edges of the hooves are pointed, and their entire surface is slightly concave.
• Deer swim well. To some extent this is due to their fur. The hairs are hollow inside. The air with which they are filled allows the animals to stay afloat.
• In summer, deer fur is short, and in winter it can reach such a length that a “mane” forms in the neck area. This allows the artiodactyls to feel comfortable at any time of the year.

Offspring

The main purpose of a female deer is, of course, the birth of offspring.

The breeding season, the rut, begins around mid-October and lasts about a month.

• First, mixed herds of several males and large quantity females
• Then these herds are split into smaller ones.
• Males compete and sometimes even fight for females. At this time they lose a lot of strength, some even die.

The female's pregnancy lasts 8 months, after which one fawn (sometimes two) is born in May-June. On the very first day, the murrelet (as a newborn deer is called) gets to its feet, and already at a week of age it is able to run quickly and even swim across large rivers.

About the female

We finally move on to the question of what a female deer is called.

Female European and sika deer are called doe (note, not female deer).

And a female reindeer is called a female reindeer.

A wild reindeer (or sokzha is its second name) differs from a female only in size, but only slightly. It is very difficult to visually determine what gender the deer is standing in front of you.

Now you know what female deer are called. Interesting Facts about important women and deer will also not leave you indifferent.

• Deer milk is very nutritious, its fat content is more than 20 percent and has a consistency similar to cream. Residents of the northern regions consume it in its pure form and use it to make butter, cheese and other dairy products.
• In the tundra, the offspring of domestic reindeer and wild reindeer are highly valued, but in the forest belt, where there are many domestic reindeer, such crossing is not accepted.
• Female reindeer are unique in that they are the only ones with antlers among all the representatives of the “females” of the deer family.
• Adult males shed their antlers after the rut, and young males, who are not yet participating in the rut, shed their antlers in the middle of winter. Females lose such decoration only after calving.
• Due to this amazing fact. Santa's famous reindeer, Rudolph, is a girl! Moreover, the entire team of Santa Claus's reindeer consists of females, because only they wear antlers throughout the winter.
• Moreover, during the Christmas period, a male deer has only 5 percent subcutaneous fat, while a female deer has 10 times more. This allows the important woman to tolerate even extremely low temperatures.

You may have learned something new about female deer by reading this article. What are the names of their offspring, what unique abilities do these amazing animals have, how to distinguish a sokzhu from a vazhenka - without this knowledge it is impossible to understand how amazing and unique these graceful inhabitants of the North are.

User Olga Lim asked a question in the Welcome category and received 6 answers

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What is the name of a female deer? Olenukha, and the reindeer has an important deer. Olenukha, deer, important, fagot

A doe or a female deer. Indicate in which sentence the verb in the indefinite form is the subject.

Deer-deer. Zool. a female deer, a cloven-hoofed animal of the deer family with branched antlers. They sat for a long time in the old hunter’s house, and then dispersed, spreading the news about a boy raised by a deer.

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A certain deer pointed out a saving ford across the Main to the fugitive Frankish soldiers. The hunting god Tsip of the Yucatan Maya, under the name A Uuk Yol Tsip (a man who put on antlers and became a “deer”), is depicted in hieroglyphic writings having copulation with a doe.

I don’t think that a regional distribution of the doe and the doe will be revealed...... the camp of the doe (“Razliv”, 1923), in the late L. Panteleev - [after the announcement in the Zoo] Masha turned pale, shrank, and widened her eyes. ‹…› I thought it was a deer...

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When they are still very small, the mother deer runs away from them in case of danger: the fawn freezes, presses to the ground, stretches its neck: if you walk nearby, you won’t notice.

Wolves have always been the sworn enemies of red deer. However, only a whole pack of wolves can cope with a large deer. The female herd, which includes fawns of both sexes under 3 years old, is led by an experienced doe.

In a secluded place (usually where in previous years she gave birth to offspring), the doe gives birth to a calf. Musk deer live alone or in families - a female, a male and cubs up to a year old.

In O. Dryden's book “The Doe and the Panther,” the spotted panther symbolizes the erroneous teachings of the Anglican Church, while the snow-white doe symbolizes the purity and infallibility of the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. Al-Biruni rationalizes the myth (we remember why the doe fills her...

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Deer - raw Dictionary of Russian synonyms. deer noun, number of synonyms: 3 important (6) deer ... Dictionary of synonyms. And, well. Female deer.

Their land was Enesai - the Valley of the Mother, their parent was the Deer, their life was a knife and a bow with sharp arrows. IN last time Deer looked at those who believed in foreign gods...

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AVIATION FORUM on AVIA.RU - Helicopter and doe. He directed the helicopter towards a family of deer and, using the wind raised from the rotating blades, pushed the deer towards the shore.

Puberty of a deer occurs in the third year, and of a female doe in the second. In females, the oldest female usually dominates; the herd of males is led by the youngest deer.

The cult of the fallow deer, or female deer, was widespread among numerous Asian peoples. The female deer, the doe, was a symbol of the Moon and femininity. In Slavic folklore, the deer also acted as a means of transportation for supernatural creatures.

And rescuers put the deer on the wanted list. “It is very dangerous to specifically track an animal,” Vitaly Ratner, director of the Center for the Care and Rehabilitation of Wild Animals, told MK. - The deer is already scared, and if it notices surveillance, it may behave inappropriately. But the exhausted deer did not allow people to come closer than 50 meters...

Puberty of a deer occurs in the third year, and of a female doe in the second. Canines are the eye teeth on the top of a male or female deer's jaw.

Female deer are antlerless. Pregnancy of deer lasts on average 6-7 months. All species of deer have variegated cubs (except reindeer), which perfectly camouflage them in the forest.

Izhevsk Zoo » Zoon news » Voronezh deer lost her groom. Children under 5 years old are free. Gerda, a female deer, escaped from the Chelyabinsk zoo.

News - Hunting, fishing and tourism news - Archive 2010 - In West Virginia, a hunter shot a doe with deer antlers. - When I went up to gut it, I took out the knife and saw that it was a deer.

Canadian rescuers did not want to leave a doe and her fawn stuck on the river to the mercy of fate. thin ice near the city of Antigonish. A helicopter was specially called for the rescue, which is practical.

For example: white-tailed deer. Deer, female. Age From 3 years. St. Petersburg January 15. Notify about the availability of the product.

Who am I - the canonical deer, elk, fallow deer, antelope, buffalo or what? The Internet comes to the rescue Lanka, female. (hunt.). Female deer. A doe is also called a female deer (Cervus elaphus).

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The deer Uma spent three days in our veterinary clinic, having been in the forest for several weeks without proper care. Home Attached animals Female European deer Uma.

The animal world amazes with its diversity of species, riot of colors, and unexpected forms. Life exists in a variety of places: from North Pole and to the South, in the hottest deserts and in the cold tundra.

Reindeer is a cloven-hoofed ruminant mammal of the deer family. Their habitat covers the northern territories of Eurasia and North America (tundra and taiga zones). In Russia, these animals can be found in the Far East, Northern Urals, Western and Eastern Siberia.

These animals are mainly herbivorous. They prefer lichens, grass, berries, leaves as food, but birds and rodents are also on the menu. They don't refuse sea ​​water or rock salt. They are conventionally divided into two groups – domesticated and wild. The female reindeer has a special name - vazhenka.

Reindeer are large animals. Their body length can reach 220 cm and height 140 cm. The weight of an adult varies between 100-220 kg. The average life expectancy in nature is about 20 years. Usually they have a gray-brown (or coffee) color in the summer, which by winter gives way to either completely dark, or very light, or spotted. The coat also varies in length and texture depending on the season. The horns are large, branched, and are characteristic of both female and male individuals. Males shed them before winter after the rut, and females only after the fawns appear, in May.

Wild reindeer are no strangers to wandering. In summer they migrate to watersheds and to the headwaters of rivers, and in winter to the forest-tundra and northern taiga, to areas with little snow on moss moss forests. They move in a whole herd; the role of leader is usually played by an old, revered male or female. In spring, animals have to travel the same route back. The rut (breeding season) for reindeer begins in the fall - in September or early October. Males are not monogamous due to harsh living conditions and active struggle for the heart of the lady they like.

As a rule, a male has a harem of 10-15 females (the name of a female reindeer has already been discussed), which bear offspring in the spring or summer (May-early June) after a short (192-246 days) gestation. Most often, one fawn is born. After birth, on its very first day, the young can even run. Two weeks of active life later, the first rudiments of future branched horns appear. Mothers feed their cubs with milk until late autumn, although fawns begin to search for pasture on their own from a month old.

As already noted, reindeer can exist not only in natural environment. Man domesticated them by isolating part of the wild herd and now obtains from them meat, wool, horns, milk and bones, as well as natural strength for horse-drawn transport. Shooting wild animals is universally punishable by law. Reindeer are interesting and very friendly animals, ready to cooperate with humans in exchange for simple things: their own safety and salt licking.

Baby animals sometimes have names that aren't obvious, and you may have even asked yourself questions like:

• What is a female ferret called?
• What is the name of a female deer, wood grouse, giraffe, peacock, woodpecker, wild boar?
• What is the name of a baby seal, walrus, swan, sheep, elk, badger?
• What is the name of a male duck, squirrel, cuckoo, pig, panther?
• What is the name of baby animals? For example, elephants, eagles and so on.

In a word, in this article we have collected the names of females - mothers, males - fathers, as well as the names of baby animals, including animals (aka mammals), birds, fish, insects, reptiles and amphibians.

If you haven’t found someone, be sure to write about it in the comments, and we will add this material as soon as possible.

The collected material is presented in the form of a table with 4 columns. The first column is the name of the male, the 2nd is the name of the female, the 3rd is the name of the baby animal, and in the last column is the name of the baby animal in the plural.

Note also that there are both colloquial names , which are acceptable in speech, but use them in a scientific report, or when preparing an essay, it will be incorrect .

Names of baby animals