What nature reserves are located on the territory of Kuzbass. Specially protected natural areas of the Kemerovo region
The nature in the Kemerovo region is very rich - this is the taiga, where rare relict forests are found; alpine meadows, steppe and forest-steppe; cedar and spruce forests; a lot of lakes and rivers. But every year the state of nature becomes worse. People interfere more and more often in her life. The diversity of animal species is decreasing, forests are disappearing, rivers are drying up, and lakes are becoming swamped. The earth may become uninhabitable for human life if measures are not taken. There is only one way out - to preserve nature. This can be done with the help of nature reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, and natural monuments.
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On the territory of the Kemerovo region there are: the Kuznetsky Alatau nature reserve, national park"Shorsky", historical, cultural and natural museum-reserve "Tomsk Pisanitsa".
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“Kuznetsky Alatau” Chulym Tom State nature reserve “Kuznetsky Alatau” was created on December 27, 1989 in the central part of the mountain range of the same name, on the territory of the Tisulsky, Mezhdurechensky and Novokuznetsky districts of the Kemerovo region. The reserve contains the sources largest tributaries Ob rivers Tom and Chulym.
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The purpose of creating the reserve is to protect poorly disturbed forest ecosystems, as well as to protect the reindeer population.
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Most of Kuznetsky Alatau Nature Reserve is covered with mountain taiga forests of fir, spruce and cedar pine Siberian Spruce Cedar pine Siberian fir There are many clearings in fir forests. They grow: tall wrestler, Siberian skerda, variegated thistle, nettle, tall honeysuckle. Along the valleys of taiga rivers, downy birch, willow, currant, bush alder and rowan grow.
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In "Kuznetsky Alatau" you can see about three hundred species of birds, two hundred and nine of them nest in the reserve. The reserve contains 41 species of little-studied and rare birds, whose numbers are gradually declining. Typical sedentary inhabitants of the taiga are wood grouse, nutcracker, jay, jay, nuthatch and others. jay nutcracker capercaillie kuksha nuthatch
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The reserve's fish fauna consists of 13 species. Siberian grayling and taimen live in mountain rivers. grayling taimen In slow-moving waters there are pike, perch and burbot. pike perch burbot
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The mammal fauna of Kuznetsk Alatau includes 65 species. The majority are inhabitants of the taiga. These are the badger, tiny shrew, otter, Altai mole, chipmunk, red-gray vole and others. badger shrew otter vole Brown bear, fox, wolf and elk are also widely represented in the forests of the reserve. bear Fox wolf moose
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The reserve's protection regime makes it possible to effectively protect non-nomadic animals, such as sable, and preserve migratory animals, such as reindeer. sable Reindeer affects the most nomadic species of animals - roe deer, elk, deer. roe deer elk deer
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Shorsky National Park Shorsky National Park was organized in 1990 on the basis of a decree of the Soviet Government dated December 27, 1989. The park is located in the south of the Kemerovo region in the Tashtagol district. Length of territory national park from north to south 110 km, from east to west 90 km. The national park was created with the aim of preserving unique areas of cedar growth, black taiga in Mountain Shoria, as well as preserving the cultural heritage of the indigenous Shor nationality.
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Currently, more than 60 rare and endangered plant species listed in the Red Books of Russia and the Kemerovo region have been identified on the territory of the national park. These are species such as: curly lily (saranka), Siberian princeling, single-seeded ephedra, Siberian thyme, Altai rhubarb and other species. lily thyme ephedra princely rhubarb
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Maral root, kandyk-iris, and Asian swimsuit, which grow on the territory of the reserve, are also listed in the Red Book. maral root swimsuit kandyk-iris
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cedar aspen Siberian fir The leading plants of the national park are cedar, Siberian fir, and aspen.
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black stork golden eagle gray heron peregrine falcon needle-tailed swift falcon 6 species of birds are also listed in the Red Book: black stork, gray heron, needle-tailed swift, golden eagle, falcon, peregrine falcon.
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The park is home to about 60 species of mammals. Among them are muskrat, weasel, white hare, squirrel, and musk deer. muskrat squirrel White hare musk deer
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There are many natural monuments located on the territory of the national park. One of them is the Saga waterfall. The Saga waterfall occupies 30,000 square meters. m, located on the Sholbychak stream (left bank of Mrassu) 300 m from the Mrassu river. An eighteen-meter waterfall falls in several cascades into a small, icy lake. At the waterfall there is a small grotto that turns into a cave with a very narrow entrance.
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"Royal Gate" - picturesque rocks on the right bank of the Mrassu River. The rocks are 100 meters high and drop steeply into the water. They are composed of marbled limestones. The color of the rocks changes depending on the weather and lighting. In sunny, clear weather, the rocks are light - white with a pinkish tint. In cloudy weather they become a moody gray with a purple tint.
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Mountain Shoria is a beautiful corner of Kuzbass nature! The strong, original and talented Shor people have lived here for a long time. But now he and nature need help and protection. For this purpose, the State Natural National Park "Shorsky" was created.
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Tomsk Pisanitsa This special museum is located approximately 60 km. from the city in a pine forest on the banks of the Tom River under open air. It all started with the discovery of ancient drawings or writings on the coastal rocks. This is where the name came from - Pisanitsa, which gave the name to the rocks - Pisanye Rocks, and nearby village- Written. The drawings were discovered back in the 16th and 17th centuries, but other than being of narrow interest to specialists and researchers, they no longer had any significance. It was only in the 70-80s of the last century that work began on the restoration and preservation of rock paintings.
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The rocks were given protected status and, in fact, the creation of an open-air museum began around them. A staircase was built, which is a descent to the rock, and educational activities were launched among the population. Over the years (especially in the last 20 years), exhibitions have been created telling about the mythology of the peoples who inhabited Siberia, and, in particular, Kuzbass, architectural and ethnographic complexes, and a small zoo
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The flora of Tomsk Pisanitsa is rich and varied. About 400 species were found on its territory higher plants(1/4 of the flora of the Kemerovo region), of which 39 species of trees and shrubs, numerous herbaceous plants. Of these, 5 species are tertiary relicts, one species - feather grass - is included in the Red Book. About 40 species are rare in Kuzbass and need protection. FEATHER GRASS
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The fauna is diverse. The reserve is crossed by an ancient moose trail leading to the crossing of the Tom River, and moose regularly pass along it. In winter, wolves and lynxes come running. The permanent inhabitants of the museum-reserve are fox, mink, weasel, ermine, weasel, badger, hare, squirrel, chipmunk. There are many small rodents - mice and voles, and there are 3 species of bats. MINK COLUMNS WEASEL
I picked a flower and it withered.
I caught a beetle - and it died in my palm.
And then I realized that you can only touch beauty with your heart.
Pavol Gvezdoslav, Slovak poet, humanist
2016, Mariinsk
The reserve was founded in 1989.
Unique in Kuznetsk Alatau for inland regions of the northern hemisphere is the existence of small forms of glaciers at unusually low absolute altitudes - 1200-1500 m above sea level. mind. No glaciers have been found in any of the inland regions of the northern hemisphere at similar latitudes. There are 32 glaciers on the territory of the reserve, 6.79 square meters. km. Of these, the largest in Kuzbass is the Glacier of expedition members with an area of 0.3 square meters. km. Located in the vicinity of the Middle Kanym Mountain.
Lake Srednetersinskoe
The deepest lake in Kuzbass. Its depth is 60 meters.
Rybnoye Lake
The largest mountain-glacial lake in the region, its length is 1000 m, width is 500 meters. The Verkhnyaya Ters River, one of the the most beautiful rivers reserve. In the lake
The lake form of grayling inhabits permanently.
Mount Bolshoi Kanym, height 1872 m above sea level. mind.
Mountain Suitcase
The Kiya River originates in the area of the Suitcase char on the eastern slope of the Kuznetsk Alatau, the second source is located on Mount Medvezhiy char.
Mount Suitcase, height – 1357 m above sea level. mind. The remainder is most ancient relief Kuznetsky Alatau ridge. At the foot there is a raised moss bog, on the slopes there are thickets of Radiola rosea and Leuzea sofloridae, here are the summer stations of reindeer, roe deer, and maral. Rare species of birds nest - peregrine falcon, saker falcon.
Krestovskie swamps
Located at the foot of Pestraya Mountain (1347 m above sea level)
Raised bogs with typical vegetation. During spring-autumn migrations, ungulates concentrate here.
The park was organized in 1990. Shorsky National Park is located in the south of the Kemerovo region on the territory of the Tashtagol administrative district. The length of the national park territory from north to south is 110 km, from east to west 90 km. On the territory of Gornaya Shoria there are 25 natural monuments (geological, water, botanical, complex), of which 6 are the most accessible and visited:
Saga Waterfall
- a unique hydrological natural monument on the territory of the Shorsky National Park. Saga Waterfall - located in a small canyon 200 meters from the left bank of the Mras-Su River. The Sholbychak stream falls from a height of 15 meters, breaking on the stones, and a lake with a small grotto calms down. There are many rare and medicinal herbs in the canyon.
"Kizas caves"
- a geological natural monument on the territory of the Shorsky State Natural National Park. Limestone outcrop on the right bank of the Mras-su River, above the mouth of the Kizas River. Length – about 200 m.
Cave "Nadezhda"
- a geological natural monument on the territory of the Shorsky National Park. The Nadezhda Cave is located 2.5 km below the mouth of the Kizas River, on the right turn. Length – about 200m.
"Monument to a Soldier"
- a geological natural monument located on the territory of the Shorsky National Park.
Rock "Drinking Elephant"
- a geological natural monument on the territory of the Shorsky National Park. Located on the left bank of the Mrassu River.
Vaucluse "Kabuk"
- hydrological natural monument. The Vaucluse is a large spring fed by karst groundwater.
The Tomsk Pisanitsa Museum-Reserve today is a dynamically developing modern multidisciplinary cultural complex that successfully combines museum specifics. In 20 years, practically from scratch, it has turned into a real museum of the 21st century and is rightfully the pride of Kuzbass.
The rock on which the drawings of ancient people are preserved
Ancient sanctuary.
View of the Tom River.
Other unusual exhibits of the reserve.
There is just a temple
There is a temple of science
And there is also a temple of nature,
With scaffolding reaching out
Towards the sun and winds.
He is holy at any time of the year,
Open to us in hot and cold weather.
Come here, be a little hearty,
Do not desecrate his shrines.
A. Smirnov
We are immensely rich
In our thickets and groves
So many different birds
You're just amazed.
And, of course, it’s alarming
That sometimes we are godless
We don't keep what we have
We do not spare, we do not regret,
Not responsible for anything.
Like the smallest thing
To us on this planet
All that remains is to live and rule.
Not like the owners,
This is how we destroy our good.
And we are proud of nature
And we love the fatherland.
Bibliography
1. Atlas of the Kemerovo region.
2. Kovrigina, the world of Kuzbass and its protection: [Text] / , . – Kemerovo, 1995. – 111 p.
3. Soloviev, Kemerovo region. Nature [Text] / . – Kemerovo: Kuzbass”; , 2006. – 384 p.
4. Soloviev, notebook on the region: creative tasks by geography native land for students in grades 6-10 of general education institutions in the Kemerovo region [Text] / . – Kemerovo, 2003. – 184 p.
Electronic resources
1. http://ecokem. ru
2. http://krasivye-mesta. ru
3. http://shpilenok.
4. http://subscribe. ru
5. http://trasa. ru
Kuznetsky Alatau Nature ReserveKuznetsky Alatau Nature Reserve is located in the central part of the mountain range of the same name, in the Tisulsky and Novokuznetsky districts of the Kemerovo region. The reserve was founded in 1989, its area is 412.9 thousand hectares, 253 thousand hectares are forests, 15 thousand hectares are meadows, 1.6 thousand hectares are reservoirs. The relief of the territory is mountainous, smooth, the peaks of the mountains are dome-shaped. The highest mountain peaks of the Kuznetsk Alatau are Bolshaya Tserkovnaya (1449 m above sea level), Suitcase (1357 m), Krestovaya (1549 m), Kanym (1871 m). On the territory of the reserve are the sources of the largest tributaries of the Ob - the Tom and Chulym rivers. The climate is continental, with hot, dry summers and cold winter. Average annual temperature 4.9 °С, average July temperature 21.1 °С (maximum 40 °С), average January temperature -10.8 °С (minimum up to -40 °С), average annual precipitation 385 mm. Most of the Kuznetsk Alatau nature reserve is covered with mountain taiga forests of fir, spruce and Siberian pine, giving way to pine and larch forests. The vegetation cover contains high altitude zones from steppe and forest-steppe to black taiga, alpine meadows and alpine tundra. A lot of rare plants: radiola rosea (golden root), Leuzea safflower (maral root), lady's slipper and endemic species. Red deer, elk, roe deer, and sable are common in the reserve, and musk deer are also found. Wild reindeer constantly live and migrate within the Kuznetsk Alatau. Rare birds include the black stork and golden eagle; a total of 103 species of breeding birds have been recorded.
Shorsky National Park
Shorsky National Park is located in the south of the Kemerovo region. The length of the national park territory from north to south is 110 km, from east to west 90 km. The administration of the national park is located in Tashtagol (652990, Kemerovo region, Tashtagol, Sadovaya str. 8).
The topography of the national park is a complex mountain system, strongly dissected by river valleys. Average height above sea level 500-800 m, individual peaks reach 1600-1800 m. sharply continental and harsh, which is due to the location of the park almost in the center of the Asian continent. The high ridges that enclose Mountain Shoria from the west with the Salair ridge, from the south - by the Altai mountain system and from the east by the Kuznetsk Alatau and Western Sayan ridges, create a unique climate regime. average temperature January?20-22 degrees. From July - +17-18 degrees. C. In the mountains, average temperatures drop sharply with altitude. The average annual precipitation is 900 mm, in the mountains on windward slopes up to 1500-1800 mm. Snow lasts for more than six months, from October to April. The depth of the snow cover reaches 200-250 cm, in the lowlands of the middle mountains - more than 400 cm. Winds of the southern and southwestern directions predominate.
The territory of the national park is dissected by a network of rivers and streams. Home water artery is the Mras-Su River, flowing through the main body of the park from north to south and dividing its territory into approximately two equal parts. Water mode- typical for mountain rivers. The main sources of food for rivers and streams are precipitation and groundwater.
There are many commercial and hunting species in the national park's fauna: white hare, squirrel, sable, American mink, weasel, otter, wolverine, fox, wolf, lynx, elk. In addition to the listed species, there are the Siberian mole, chipmunk, water vole, muskrat, common hamster, ermine, weasel, steppe polecat, badger, Brown bear, wild reindeer, musk deer, roe deer, deer. Among the representatives of the avifauna, many are the object of hunting: the common mallard, shoveler, pintail, gray duck, teal, whistling teal, red-headed pochard, wood grouse, hazel grouse, black grouse, quail, corncrake, woodcock, snipe, great snipe, woodcock, etc. From rare species Birds in the park include black stork, golden eagle, peregrine falcon, and osprey. The rivers are inhabited by grayling, lenok, taimen
Specially protected natural areas federal significance
Currently, in the Kemerovo region there are three specially protected natural areas of federal significance:
– State nature reserve"Kuznetsky Alatau";
– Shorsky National Park;
– natural monument "Linden Island".
State nature reserves carry out:
– protection of natural areas in order to preserve biological diversity and maintain protected natural complexes and objects in their natural state;
– organizing and conducting scientific research, including maintaining the Chronicle of Nature;
– environmental monitoring within the framework of the national environmental monitoring system natural environment. Promote environmental education of the population, training of scientific personnel and specialists in the field of protection environment.
State zoological reserves of regional significance
As of December 31, 2007, there were 12 zoological reserves of regional significance operating in the region with a total area of 474,962 hectares.
Since the organization state reserves the number of some animal species increased significantly (beaver, sable). In addition, the number of wild ungulates (elk, roe deer) has stabilized.
In order to more effectively protect animals, increase and stabilize their numbers in the reserves, moose and roe deer are fed, and the number of predators is regulated. IN winter time The issue of mineral nutrition of animals is especially acute. Mineral feeding of animals is carried out by installing salt licks on the territory of the reserves.
Most of the raptors located on the territory of the reserves are subject to protection, and some of them need to be restored in numbers. Thus, specially protected birds of prey include the osprey, the white-tailed eagle (on migration), the eagle owl, and all types of owls and falcons.
A special category of predators are dogs (some of which have gone wild) that enter the territory of reserves from settlements and holiday villages.
During the nesting and brooding period, dogs cause significant harm to the populations of many species of protected animals, destroying clutches of birds, their chicks, as well as young mammals. In order to combat stray dogs, their widespread and constant catching is carried out.
From large predators The reserves are home to bear, badger, lynx and fox. The number of lynx and fox in last years consistently small. The wolf, if it appears in the territories of the reserves, is subject to complete destruction.
Hunting for all types of game animals is prohibited on the territory of the reserves.
STATE NATURAL ZOOLOGICAL RESERVES
Salairsky reserve created as a species for the purpose of protection and reproduction of elk. Area 35449 hectares. The territory of the reserve is located in the foothills of the Salair Ridge. The main watercourses are the Istok, Chebura, and Kasma rivers. Woodlands are represented mainly by fir-aspen taiga, significant areas are occupied by secondary forests - birch-aspen small forests in overgrown clearings and burnt areas. Small areas of open forest-steppe areas are used for Agriculture. The center of the reserve is the village. Zhuravlevo, Promyshlennovsky district.
The flora of the reserve includes 682 species of higher vascular plants and 36 species of bryophytes.
The vertebrate fauna of the Salair reserve includes 241 species. Invertebrate animals on the territory of the reserve, as well as in the Kemerovo region as a whole, have been studied fragmentarily, only in individual systematic groups. In this regard, it is not possible to estimate the total number of invertebrate species. Therefore, only rare species of insects included in the Red Book of the Kemerovo Region (2000) were studied on the territory of the reserve.
Among plants and animals, a significant number of species have diverse economic and environmental significance. 27 plant species and 37 animal species are included in the Red Book of the Kemerovo Region (2000).
A significant part of the species diversity is associated with the water area of Tanaev Pond (Zhuravlevskoye Reservoir on the Istok River).
Many aquatic and semi-aquatic animals enter the reserve for a short time and irregularly (birds: wading birds, waders, waterfowl) or are found at the very border of the protected area.
State Natural Zoological Reserve "Pisany"
The reserve is located in the northwestern part of the region, in the forest-steppe part of the Yashkinsky and Kemerovo districts on the right bank of the river. Tom in the lower part of the Pisanaya River basin, on an area of 29,415.5 hectares. The center of the reserve is located in the village. Pacha Yashkinsky district. The relief of the reserve is a hilly plain, strongly dissected by ravines. Among the tracts of aspen-birch forests there are pine and cedar forests. The Pisany reserve is complex. The reserve has established a protective regime for elk, roe deer, otter, black grouse, hazel grouse, common weasel, hare, squirrel, fox, mink and lynx.
Comprehensive botanical and zoological research carried out on the territory of the state zoological reserve "Pisany" in 2006, as well as analysis scientific literature, departmental materials, collections and observations showed that the flora and fauna of the studied territory is very unequal in the concentration of rare species. Largest number rare species were noted along the Tom River and in the vicinity of the Tomsk Pisanitsa Museum-Reserve.
The “Pisany” zoological reserve was created to protect the elk, but did not fulfill its task. Elk migration across the Tom River has decreased to a minimum. According to the Office of the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance for the Kemerovo Region (2000), the number of moose on its territory ranges from 20-45 animals, and in recent years it has tended to decrease. The reserve also protects large game species: roe deer (12-22 heads) and bear (4-6 heads).
Vegetable world The reserve includes 615 species of higher vascular plants.
Animal world The reserve includes 258 species of vertebrate animals. At the same time, a significant part of birds, including the vast majority of waterfowl, waders, and gulls, are found only along the river bank. Tom on migration in spring and autumn time of the year.
The Red Book of the Kemerovo Region (2000) includes 20 species of plants and 34 species of animals found in the territory of the Pisany reserve.
Neonila Fedorovna Egorova - geography teacher, Svetlana Yuryevna Egorova - teacher, GSUVOU KSOSH named after. E.G. Felde, Kemerovo region, p. Verkhotomskoe.
Form: correspondence trip to the fascinating places of your native land.
Epigraph:“Spreading the blue expanses proudly,
You bloom like May
beautiful region, Kuznetsk region.”
Target: nurturing love and respect for the small Motherland, developing cognitive interest in the unique beauty and diversity of the nature of the native land. Creating emotional situations that affect the child’s feelings, introducing ecological culture the edges.
Equipment: map of Kuzbass, marks of reserves, computer presentation.
Presenter 1: Today we will take a trip to the unique places of the Kemerovo region. You will learn about the protected areas of our region: nature reserves, nature reserves, natural monuments, and national parks. I would like you guys to feel how dear these territories are to our people and why they are protected.
As you already know, all our lands, subsoil, waters, forests are declared by law to be the property of the people and are under state protection. The forms of protection are varied, but the goal is the same - to reliably protect one or another natural complex from possible destruction, preserve it for future generations.
If the state declares some area a protected area, this means that it plays a huge role as a reserve of clean air, water, and as a habitat. the most valuable species animals or plants. This means that in the future, perhaps, its value will be so great that it cannot be repaid by any other wealth.
Presenter 2. According to the degree of severity of the reserve regime, the following protected areas are distinguished: nature reserves, biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, natural monuments, landscape parks, cultural natural objects.
Presenter 1. Reserve- This is the most important form of special, strict nature protection. What is a reserve?
Imagine a scientific research institute. We walk along a long corridor. Our attention is drawn to a sign with the inscription: “Quiet!” Experience is underway! There, behind the laboratory door, some problem is being solved.
Exactly the same warning sign serves as a full house with the inscription “Border of the reserve”, or “Caution! Protected area."
The reserve is also a laboratory, only in living nature. On the lands of the reserve, any construction, deforestation, hunting, fishing, tourism, picking mushrooms, berries, grazing livestock, plowing fields, that is, within the boundaries of protected area exclusively scientific environmental protection activities are carried out, no interventions - “it preserves the beauty of the earth, a pristine corner of nature.” It’s not for nothing that “Chur Zapovedna” called his book about nature reserves that way famous writer and nature conservationist Oleg Volkov. The creation of nature reserves is the most effective measure to preserve the gene pool of living organisms on our planet.
In the 70s of the 20th century, biosphere reserves began to be created, the purpose of which was to preserve standard areas of the biosphere. There are scientific works in the field of environmental management and environmental protection. Today in Russia there are 99 nature reserves, 18 of which are biosphere reserves, including our Kuznetsk Alatau, which we will talk about later.
Presenter 2. Reserves. There are many of them in our country and they are diverse. Only in our Kemerovo region there are more than 22 of them. “Order” is very old Russian word and means a prohibition on something. “Ordered” means “don’t touch or do it wisely.” Unlike nature reserves, nature reserves are formed only temporarily, to solve some problem; No scientific work is carried out here and the security regime is less strict. In nature reserves economic activity is permitted only to the extent that it does not disturb the peace and does not cause harm to protected objects.
Presenter 1. National parks– these are territories that have special ecological, historical and aesthetic value. They are used for scientific, cultural, educational purposes, and for regulated tourism. There are 31 national parks in Russia, including our Gorno-Shorsky national park of Russian significance.
Presenter 1. Natural monuments– these are individual unique natural objects (waterfalls, caves, rocks, geysers, centuries-old trees) that have scientific, historical and cultural – aesthetic value. One should not confuse a natural monument with a nature reserve. A natural monument is, first of all, the object itself (a tree, a cave), and a nature reserve is a corner of the earth. There are a huge number of natural monuments in our region. We will meet some of them today.
Presenter 2. Museums - reserves– this phrase seems strange at first glance. These two words seem to contradict each other - the museum is designed to receive visitors, and the more, the better, but the reserve, on the contrary, is closed to the public. Nevertheless, museums and reserves exist - these are complexes of historical and architectural buildings. They are inseparable from the parks surrounding them, that is, a museum with an entire natural complex. For example: “Solovetsky Islands”, “Written Rocks” in the Kemerovo region.
(Music “Now a birch tree, now a rowan tree”).
Presenter 1. The world in which we live is beautiful and great, and in this world there is a corner dear to the heart, where you were born, where you live and study, here are your roots, here the planet begins for you, life itself begins here. This is your small Motherland, whose name is Kuzbass!
Presenter 2. They say: Gray Ural, Sunny Crimea, Pearl Sevan...
But what should we call our Kuzbass, what should we compare it with, what epithet should we choose? Let's try to go on an absentee trip to some unique places in our native land.
(Music background).
Student: historical reference. As of March 22, 2011, there were officially 18 specially protected areas in the region: (on map) State Nature Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau", State Natural Shorsky National Park, 13 zoological reserves, special staircase "Celestial Teeth", 24 natural monuments with a total area of 1 million 388 thousand 664 hectares or 14.2% of the territory of the entire region.
Presenter 1. If you know the highest point of the Kemerovo region “Upper Tooth” and tell in which mountains it is located, you will recognize (or maybe even know) the name biosphere reserve, where the kingdom of sable, reindeer, elk, morality, where there are strict restrictions on aviation: jet planes are not allowed to overcome the sound barrier over its territory, all flights must be carried out at a significant altitude so as not to disturb the peace of the inhabitants of the reserve. The area of the reserve is more than 400 thousand. kV. km, it is located near Mount Tserkovnaya in the Kuznetsk Alatau and is called (what?) -
The reserve is home to 22 species of rare, endangered plants, 27 species of medicinal plants, including radiola rosea (golden root), leuzea safflower (maral root), lady's slipper. 100 species of mammals are protected: deer, elk, roe deer, sable, and musk deer are also found. Wild reindeer constantly live and migrate within the Kuznetsk Alatau. The bird fauna is represented by more than one hundred and fifty species: 25 of them are rare and endangered, such as the black stork and golden eagle.
Musical screensaver.
Presenter 2. There are wonderful poems by one of the Kuzbass poets about mountain Shoria, let's listen.
Reader. Oh Shoria, you are my quiet joy and my pain,
I love you both in bitter and happy moments,
And I believe that the secret is ancient, eternal, yours.
Kept where the edge is majestically quiet.
Presenter 2. And we are going to the south of the Kemerovo region, to the mountainous Shoria to get acquainted with the most important natural monument - Shorsky National Park. The nature of the park is amazing: it is clean and transparent mountain rivers, uniquely beautiful surroundings of mountains, beautiful taiga flowers, trees, grass. They say about it: “Tourists relax here and preserve nature.” The park was formed by Decree of the Union of Ministers of the RSFSR No. 386 of December 27, 1989. The area of the national park is 338 thousand 345 hectares.
Student. Shorsky National Park is located in the south of the Kemerovo region. The length of the national park territory from north to south is 110 km, from east to west 90 km.
The terrain is complex and mountainous. The average height above sea level is 500-800 m, individual peaks reach 1600-1800 m. The high ridges enclosing Mountain Shoria from the west with the Salair Ridge, from the south - the Altai mountain system and from the east with the Kuznetsk Alatau and Western Sayan ridges, create a unique microclimate. Snow lasts for more than six months, from October to April. The prevailing winds are from the south and southwest.
In the territory of the national park there are fast and turbulent mountain rivers. One of which is the Mras-Su River, which amazes with its beauty and is a tributary main river Kuzbass - Tom River. The fauna of the national park is rich, there are many commercial and hunting species: white hare, squirrel, sable, American mink, weasel, otter, wolverine, fox, wolf, lynx, elk. In addition to the listed species, there are the Siberian mole, chipmunk, water vole, muskrat, common hamster, ermine, weasel, steppe polecat, badger, brown bear, wild reindeer, musk deer, roe deer, and deer. Rare bird species in the park include the black stork, golden eagle, peregrine falcon, and osprey. The rivers are inhabited by grayling, lenok, taimen .
(Music background).
Presenter 1. The hike continues. We are at "Royal" at the "gate". These royal gates are also a natural monument. These rocks are picturesque, they contain magnetic ore, this monument is located in the lower reaches of the Mrassu River, on the road to Kabarza.
Presenter 2. Eat interesting riddle. Where in Kuzbass is a haystack smaller than a haystack? Of course, you may not know that a haystack is a mountain atGavrilovsky Bor, its height is 557m.
In the old days they said: “It is dangerous to touch the Kopna hill.” God forbid you disturb the aquifer, the village will be flooded and filled with water! And how much gold there is! It's all underwater.
The legend says. God Ilios did a great job here. He poured golden life-giving rays onto the earth and gave her eternal metal. And adits and gold mines appeared, passions flared up! Gold destroyed people, and itself went under water. They say “Gavrilovsky bor is good!
There is also an invitation: “Come to the “mine” - come in peace, take care of antiquity, take care of nature.
Presenter1. Our journey continues. We are near the city of Spassk - the “golden capital” of the oldest large mine on Kuznetsk land. A majestic picture opens before us - the Spassky “palaces”. This is a granite family of rocks, a natural monument.
The rocks are strict, gloomy, inaccessible, unique. Spassky Palaces are a good school for tourists and beginning climbers.
(Film about the Siberian linden tree).
Presenter 2. There is a popular saying: Whoever looks ahead 50 years will plant a poplar there. And those who have 200 - plant a linden tree. How can we understand this? Yes, that’s how you understand that you need to know about linden.
Student. In the taiga of Mountain Shoria you can find a tree that is completely unusual for our forests - the Siberian linden. And if you walk a few hours from Mundybash along the old road towards Kuzedeev, you can get into a mysterious and very ancient kingdom called “Linden Island”.
The natural monument is located in the south of the Kemerovo region in the basin of the right tributaries of the Kondoma River, the Small Tesh River and the Bolshoy Tesh River. ( Show on map). Siberian linden - its habitat consists of separate areas - “islands”. The largest site is “Kuzedeevsky Linden Island”. Occupied area 11,030 hectares.
The island turned 100 years old, Kuzbass residents cherish the linden island like the apple of their eye. They did not allow the island to be dug, they did not allow mining there coal, the Siberian women became a wall to protect the linden tree. People said: pine - cedar - feeds, linden - shoes, millions of Russian peasants put on linden bast shoes. The bast shoes wore out quickly; they were required for 1 year - 1 person - 40 pairs. For one pair of bast shoes, you need to tear off the bark of 3 young bast shoes. So they destroyed the linden tree. Now they are taking care of it. This is honey medicine, freshness and beauty!
Presenter 2. So that’s where the saying “Rip off like a stick” comes from.
Presenter 1. This is also suitable for humans. “Kuzedeevsky Linden Island Reserve” is a unique relict grove of Siberian linden, which has been preserved here since the pre-glacial era.
Sergei Dmitrievich Tivyakov about “Linden Island”.
Presenter 2. Our journey continues.
Student. In the Mariinsky district, on the left bank of the Kiya River, there is a nature reserve Chumaisko – Irkutyanovsky(P show on the map). Its lakes are rich in carp, its river is rich in fish, its forests are rich in animals. It is difficult to get to the reserve by river! You can run into the Bandit Threshold. You can fall into the “Dead Pit”, you can get lost among the hundred-meter cliffs of the “White Stone Reach”, you can end up in a caral cave. And in the caves, “chandeliers” are multi-colored, shimmering with all the colors of the rainbow, stalactites hang from the ceiling like icicles, below are white stalagmites like marble columns, and between them are bottomless lakes with cold water, deep grottoes and wide cracks. There is the “Giant” mountain and the “Father and Son” family of stones, and the “lonely” ledge and many nameless rocks. Sable and beaver are protected by law here. And in the Chumai Museum there is a document about the Chumai peasant uprising.
Presenter 1. Next to the Chumaisko-Irkutyanovsky reserve there is another protected area - the Barzassky reserve - beaver and elk. Very close to the Mariinsky Highway, along which prisoners walked to hard labor.
The age-old taiga roars here, and the cedar trees stand like giants,
and dark coniferous firs rustle among the birches
are protected by law and people are worshiped,
for kindness, attention - they say thank you.
Presenter 2. Our route runs along the right bank of the Tom River. And we find ourselves in an open-air museum. This region is the most interesting in Kuzbass. How did it arise? This surprised, surprises and will continue to surprise historians of Russia and Kuzbass.
Presenter 1. The most remarkable monument, truly a masterpiece of world art, is Tomsk writing. And it is located near the village of Kolmogorovo in the Yashkinsky district. (Show on the map). Imagine rocks on which ancient people wrote in unusual ways. And they wrote with drawings, from which we learn how they lived, what animals roamed there, how they hunted with an ax and a spear, how they got food so as not to die of hunger. These rocks are called “written”. Scientists at Kemerovo University not only copied the drawings, but also interpreted the artistic intent of the ancient man.
Presenter 1. Tomsk pisanitsa is a unique natural complex that allows education based on its own history.
(Music background).
Presenter 1. So our journey through some amazing, unique places in Kuzbass has ended, with extraordinarily beautiful open spaces, countless gifts of nature, about which we are now showing great concern and which need careful treatment and protection. Well, we'll go back to our school.
Consolidation. So guys, what was our topic today?
What protected areas were we talking about today?
How many specially protected areas are there in Kuzbass? (18).
Give examples. As of March 22, 2011, there were officially 18 specially protected areas in the region: (on map) State Nature Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau", State Natural Shorsky National Park, 13 zoological reserves, special staircase "Celestial Teeth", 24 natural monuments with a total area of 1 million 388 thousand 664 hectares or 14.2% of the territory of the entire region.
What tasks are performed when organizing protected areas?
(preservation of living organisms, environmental protection, prevention of the development of destructive processes).
So what should we call our Kuzbass, what should we compare it with, what epithet should we choose?
Reader. Spreading its blue expanses proudly,
You bloom like May
My native land, mighty son of Siberia,
beautiful region, Kuznetsk region.
Teacher. Guys, you have just heard wonderful words about the wealth, beauty, and power of our region. And here there is not only concern for people, but also concern for the preservation of nature for ourselves and other generations.
Information sources
- Soloviev, L.I. Geography of the Kemerovo region. Nature [Text]: textbook, manual / L.I. Soloviev. - Kemerovo: Skif-Kuzbass, 2006.
- http//www.shor-np.kemv.ru/ Website “Shorsky National Park”.
3. http//www.kuz-alatau. ru/ "Kuznetsky Alatau".
