Unusual forest inhabitants: edible and poisonous cobwebs. Unusual inhabitants of the forest: edible and poisonous cobwebs Chemical composition of the mushroom mushroom triumphal cobweb

Throughout the world, spider webs are classified as inedible mushrooms, and only here they are considered conditionally edible. Of the huge variety of spider webs, of which there are about 4 thousand species in the world, about 40 species grow in Russia, and only one or two species can be classified as edible. But since the type of these mushrooms can only be distinguished by a mycologist, the yellow cobweb is called edible, which is considered the most delicious among the entire huge family of cobwebs. This mushroom has a golden cap. yellow, like a triumphal golden wreath, hence another name - triumphal cobweb.

Pickled yellow spiderwort

Pickled spider web mushrooms are considered very tasty. But you need to pickle spider web mushrooms according to proven recipes in order to choose the right healthy mushrooms, thoroughly clean them, prepare them well and boil them properly. The first step is to thoroughly clean the mushrooms from dirt and needles, then sort them by size. The next step is to clean the internal surfaces of the caps from the plates, since they may contain toxins. Now comes the turn of soaking or soaking. It is necessary to immerse the mushrooms in salted water for an hour to two hours, and then rinse them under a strong stream of water. Older mushrooms, the age of which can be determined by the changed color of the cap, need to be soaked for a day or two in salted water, and during this time the water needs to be changed three to four times.

How to pickle yellow spiderwort

After washing or soaking, the stage of cleaning the mushrooms comes. It is necessary to cut the stems and caps into pieces, and to prevent the mushrooms from darkening, place them in salted water, and add a few drops of citric acid for insurance. Pickled cobwebs, the recipe for which can be found in cookbooks (section mushrooms and their processing), turn out to be very tasty, and according to reviews, the taste is no worse than the famous boletus.

Edible spider web mushrooms, how to pickle them

There are several options for pickling spider web mushrooms for the winter. According to the first method, the marinade is prepared without cooking the mushrooms.

To prepare the marinade you need:

3 tbsp. spoons of salt, the same amount of sugar;
peppercorns, teaspoon;
4-6 bay leaves;
three peas of cloves, half a teaspoon of cinnamon;
a glass of wine vinegar;
a small bunch of dill;
5 onions.

This amount is needed for 2-3 kg of mushrooms. Boil one and a half liters of water, add all the ingredients, cook for 10 minutes, then add salt and sugar, boil for another 10 minutes, add vinegar. Pour the marinade over the mushrooms pre-packed in jars and close. You can use plastic lids. The mushrooms will be ready in one and a half to two weeks. According to the second method, the mushrooms are first boiled and then discarded in a colander, after which everything is mixed, and the mushrooms in the mixture are cooked for up to 15 minutes over low heat. The mushrooms are placed in sterile jars, filled with marinade, and rolled up. Let the pickled mushrooms cool upside down and then place them in a dark place. A week and a half and the mushrooms are ready to eat.

Cobweb mushrooms (Cortinarius) are mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family (Cortinariaceae) and the order Agaricaceae. Many varieties are popularly called marsh plants.

Cobwebs are mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family and the order Agaricaceae

Mycorrhizal fruit cap-peduncle type body with a hemispherical or conical, convex or flat cap, having a pronounced tubercle and a dryish or mucous, smooth or noticeably felt, sometimes scaly surface of yellow or ocher, orange-terracotta, brownish-brick, dark reddish, brown- brick or purple coloring.

The soft part is relatively fleshy or quite thin, white or ocher-brown, yellow, bluish-violet or olive-green coloring, sometimes changing shade when cut. All plates are of accrete or slightly descending type, thin and relatively frequently located, of various colors. The cylindrical or club-shaped leg is characterized by the presence of a tuberous thickening at the base. The spores are ocher and brownish.

Features of the triumphal webweed (video)

Where does the spider web mushroom grow?

The fruiting bodies of mycorrhizal varieties can grow in conifers, as well as in not too dense deciduous forests. The varieties are widespread in the temperate climate zone:

P.excellent found in deciduous forests, forming mycorrhiza with beeches, and does not grow in our country;
P.violet has become widespread in northern regions and the central zone of our country;
P.triumphal grows massively in the territory Eastern Siberia, as well as in the Far East;
P.grayish blue not found on the territory of our country;
P.blue forms mycorrhiza with beeches and other deciduous trees, grows in the Primorsky Territory;
P. fragrant prefers mixed and coniferous forests for growth and development, where it forms mycorrhiza with beeches and fir.

It is most widespread in our country and in many European countries P. large, growing mainly in mixed forest areas on sandy soils.

Cobwebs can grow in conifers, as well as not too dense deciduous forests

About the edibility of spider webs

Taste of mushroom pulp edible varieties, as a rule, not very pronounced, but most often it is bitter. Many species lack mushroom aroma completely, and some fruiting bodies have a fairly noticeable smell of garden radish. Used for food purposes with great caution. Most often, fruit bodies are fried, salted and pickled.

Types of spider web mushroom

Distinguish between edible and poisonous species taste or smell is not possible, so it is very important to know the exact description and external characteristics cobwebs, which are most often found in our country.

Gallery: types of spider webs (45 photos)

Cortin.triumрhans – has a hemispherical or cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate top part orange-yellow in color with remains of a spathe and a sticky or dry surface covering thick, soft, whitish-yellowish flesh with a pleasant aroma. The plates are of a weakly adherent type, narrow and frequent, light smoky cream or bluish-brown in color with rusty-red-brown spore powder. Bottom part fruiting body with strong thickening, cylindrical shape.

Cortin.alboviolaceus - has a rounded bell-shaped, convex or convex-prostrate cap with an elevation in the central part and a silky-fibrous, shiny, smooth, sticky surface of lilac-violet-silver or white-lilac color. The plates are medium-frequently spaced, narrow, grayish-blue, bluish-ocher or brownish-brown, with the presence of rusty-reddish-brown spore powder. The pedicle area is club-shaped, with weak mucous membrane. The soft part is thick and watery in places,gray-blue, brownish, with an unpleasant odor.

Cortin.armillatus - has a hemispherical, gradually opening, cushion-shaped cap with a wide and blunt tubercle in the central part, covered with dry and fleecy, orangeish or reddish-brown color with remnants of a red-orange-brown blanket. The soft part is thick and dense, brownish in color, with a pronounced musty odor and a complete absence of mushroom taste. The plates are of an adherent type, wide and relatively sparsely spaced, grayish-cream, slightly brownish or rusty-brown in color, with brownish-rusty-red spore powder. The lower part of the fruit body is lighter, with a widening at the base, with bracelet-like remains of the coverlet.

The most special spiderweb

Cortin.rubellus - has a conical or prostrate-conical cap, with a sharp tubercle in the center and a finely scaly, reddish-orange, reddish-orange or bright brownish surface, covering a tasteless and radish-smelling pulp of a reddish-orange-ocher color. Thick and wide plates are sparse, growing to the stem, orange-ocher or rusty-brown color, with rusty-reddish-brown, spherical, rough spores. The lower part of the fruiting body is cylindrical in shape and of sufficient density.

Purple cobweb (video)

Сortin.рholideus - has a bell-shaped, slightly convex cap with a blunt prominence in the center and numerous scales of dark brown color, covered with pale brown, brownish-brown skin. It is distinguished by sparse, grayish-brownish plates with a lilac-violet tint and the presence of brown spore powder. The lower part of the fruit body is cylindrical or slightly club-shaped, with a widening at the base, solid or hollow, with a smooth, grayish-brownish scaly surface. Loose type, gray-violet-brownish the pulp has a faint musty odor.

Triumphal cobweb, or yellow ( lat. Cortinarius triumphans) is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Cortinarius of the family Cortinariaceae.

Synonyms:

Cortinarius triumphans
Yellow marshweed
Triumphant marsh grass
Triumphal cobweb

Yellow gossamer cap:

Diameter 7-12 cm, hemispherical in youth, with age it becomes cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate; noticeable shreds of cobwebby covering often remain along the edges. Color - orange-yellow, usually darker in the central part; The surface is sticky, although in very dry weather it may dry out. The flesh of the cap is thick, soft, white-yellowish in color, with an almost pleasant smell, not typical for spider webs.

Records:

Weakly adherent, narrow, frequent, light cream in youth, changing color with age, acquiring a smoky and then bluish-brown color. In young specimens they are completely covered with a light cobwebby cover.

Spore powder:

Rust brown.

Leg:

The leg of the yellow spider web is 8-15 cm high, 1-3 cm thick, in youth it is very thick in the lower part, and with age it acquires a regular cylindrical shape. In young specimens, bracelet-like remains of the cortina are clearly visible.

Spreading:

Yellow cobweb grows from mid-August to the end of September in deciduous foxes, forming mycorrhizae mainly with birch. Prefers dry places; can be considered a companion of the black milk mushroom (Lactarius necator). The place and time of the most intensive fruiting of these two species often coincides.

Similar species:

The yellow web spider is one of the easiest spider webs to identify. Nevertheless, similar species really a lot. Yellow cobweb is classified only according to a set of characteristics - starting from the shape of the fruiting body and ending with the time and place of growth.

Edibility:

In foreign sources it falls under the category of inedible mushrooms; domestic authors have a different opinion. SOUTH. Semenov in his book calls the yellow spider web the most delicious spider web.

Taxonomy:

Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
Family: Cortinariaceae (Cobwebs)
Genus: Cortinarius (Spiderweb)
View: Cortinarius triumphans (Yellow web spider)

Other names for the mushroom:

Synonyms:

Triumphal cobweb
Yellow marshweed
Triumphant marsh grass

Yellow gossamer cap:
Diameter 7-12 cm, hemispherical in youth, with age it becomes cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate; noticeable shreds of cobwebby covering often remain along the edges. Color - orange-yellow, usually darker in the central part; The surface is sticky, although in very dry weather it may dry out. The flesh of the cap is thick, soft, white-yellowish in color, with an almost pleasant smell, not typical for.

Records:
Weakly adherent, narrow, frequent, light cream in youth, changing color with age, acquiring a smoky and then bluish-brown color. In young specimens they are completely covered with a light cobwebby cover.

Spore powder:
Rust brown.

Leg:
The leg of the yellow spider web is 8-15 cm high, 1-3 cm thick, in youth it is very thick in the lower part, and with age it acquires a regular cylindrical shape. In young specimens, bracelet-like remains of the cortina are clearly visible.

Spreading:
Yellow cobweb grows from mid-August to the end of September in deciduous foxes, forming mycorrhizae mainly with birch. Prefers dry places; can be considered a satellite. The place and time of the most intensive fruiting of these two species often coincides.

Similar species:
The yellow web spider is one of the easiest spider webs to identify. However, there are indeed a lot of similar species. Yellow cobweb is classified only according to a set of characteristics - starting from the shape of the fruiting body and ending with the time and place of growth.

Edibility:
Yellow cobweb in foreign sources falls under the category; domestic authors have a different opinion. SOUTH. Semenov in his book calls the yellow spider web the most delicious spider web.

Notes
and the yellow cobweb - this is what stands before our eyes after several days of forest fermentation in mid-September. Milk mushroom in a basket, cobweb in the forest. I'll have to try the opposite sometime. It is interesting to get acquainted with the yellow spider web from the culinary side, but, of course, it is not possible to collect both abundant mushrooms at the same time. We have to choose.

We offer a description and photo of various types and varieties of spider webs - this information will help diversify quiet forest hunting and make it more productive.

Look at the poisonous and edible spider web mushroom in the photo and try to find it in the forest during your next outing:

Spider web mushroom in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Description of the spider web mushroom: white-violet: caps 3-10 cm, initially spherical, pale purple, then silvery or lavender, hemispherical with a tubercle, and finally open. The plates remain for a long time under a powerful cobwebby blanket connecting the edge of the cap to the stem. The plates are sparse, adherent to the teeth, initially gray-blue, rusty-ochre after the veil opens. The leg is 5-12 cm long, 1-2 cm long, white-violet or covered with white-violet cotton wool, widened at the bottom. The pulp is pale purple and has no unpleasant odor.

Spider web mushrooms in the photo and description are presented in various versions, this will allow you to recognize them in the forest:

It grows very abundantly in lingonberries and blueberries, among mosses in meadows and on the edge of pine forests. Sometimes it appears in dry deciduous forest belts, where it is thicker and has a smoother surface.

Its counterpart is the inedible goat's web ( Cortinarius traganus) differs from it by the presence of the smell of acetylene.

The white-purple cobweb is edible after preliminary boiling.

Let's consider others edible mushrooms cobwebs that grow in the forests of central Russia. All edible spider web mushrooms with photos and descriptions must be distinguished from poisonous specimens, since they are mortal danger.

Bracelet web plant
The web spider is excellent

Bracelet web spider (Cortinarius armillatus)

Bracelet web grows in deciduous and coniferous forests

Cobweb bracelet in the photo

The mushroom is edible. The cap is up to 5-12 cm, at first red-brick hemispherical, covered with cobwebs, then rusty-brown, open in the form of a lampshade, and finally open, fibrous with a thin edge. The leg is cylindrical or club-shaped, light brown, 6-4 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, decorated with brick-red bracelets. The pulp is ocher and has no unpleasant odor. The spore powder is rusty brown.

Grows in deciduous and mixed forests under the birch and in the pine forests among the mosses.
Fruits from August to October.

It differs from inedible spider webs by the presence of orange stripes on the stem and the absence of an unpleasant odor.

The mushroom is edible, but tasteless. Suitable as a filler for dishes and preparations made from other mushrooms.

Excellent webweed (Cortinarius praestans)

The mushroom is edible. The caps are up to 3-12 cm, at first spherical, closed with a cobweb, then hemispherical, finally open, in wet weather they are very slimy and sticky, when dry they are smooth, brown or the color of “burnt sugar”. The plates are thick whitish with a purple tint or yellowish. Leg 5-15 cm, whitish, widened below. The pulp is white, dense with a pleasant smell.

It grows mainly in deciduous forests, but is also found in coniferous forests. Prefers calcareous soil.

Fruits from July to October.

It differs from inedible and poisonous spider webs by the absence of an unpleasant odor.

If you are not sure that you know this mushroom, it is better not to collect it.

In some countries, the excellent cobweb mushroom is valued on a par with porcini mushrooms.

Above we looked at what spider webs look like that are suitable for consumption, and now it’s their turn inedible species. It is worth knowing that the poisonous cobweb mushroom is very dangerous, as it can be fatal.

Look at what the poisonous cobweb looks like in the photo, remember it and under no circumstances pick it up in the forest:

Lazy web spider
Lazy web spider

Goat's web
Common spiderwort

Lazy web spider (Cortinarius bolaris)

Lazy web spider in the photo

The mushroom is inedible. Caps up to 3-8 cm, initially hemispherical, then convex and finally open, clay-yellow, densely covered with large red or red-orange scales. In young mushrooms, the scales are glued to the surface of the cap; the yellow color of the surface is visible only as small spaces between the red scales. In mature mushrooms, the scales spread over the surface of the cap and lag behind it at the edge. The plates are clay-yellow, then brown, turning red when damaged. The stalk is 5-7 cm long, 5-15 mm thick, cylindrical, reddish-fibrous, often scaly, like a cap. The pulp is whitish with a brownish tint. Spore powder is yellow-green.

Grows in deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests on acidic soil.

Fruits from August to September.

It has no poisonous counterparts.

Goat's web spider (Cortinarius traganus)

The mushroom is inedible. Massive caps 3-12 cm, at first, spherical and lilac, then hemispherical and, finally, open ocher, with a fringed edge. The plates are ocher-yellow with a violet tint, later brownish-ocher. The leg is lilac or yellow, with scales, 5-10 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, with a widening at the bottom. The flesh of young mushrooms is white-blue, then ocher with an unpleasant “goat” smell of acetylene.

It grows very abundantly in deciduous and coniferous forests, in shelterbelts, often in large groups.
Fruits from August to October.

The goat's web has no poisonous counterparts.

Goat's web is inedible due to the unpleasant odor of acetylene.

Common spiderwort (Cortinarius triviah)

The edibility of the mushroom is questionable. Caps up to 5-8 cm, initially hemispherical, then convex or open, mucous yellow-rusty-brown, straw-yellow when dry. The plates are white-gray with a purple tint, later rusty-brown. The leg is yellow or with a bluish tint, 8-12 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, covered with mucus in the upper part, with dark zones in the lower part. The flesh is light, whitish-ochre, and in old mushrooms it has a slight unpleasant odor.

Grows in deciduous and mixed forests under poplars, birches, oaks and pines.
Fruits in large quantities from July to September.

Looks like an inedible mucous webweed (Cortinarius mucosus) with a white stalk.

The common cobweb is not designated as a poisonous mushroom, but its edibility is in doubt.

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