Organization, weapons and military equipment of MSR, MSV and MSO on armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles. Organization of a tank company and tank platoon, their combat capabilities
Motorized rifle company(MSR) is a tactical unit within a battalion, consisting of motorized rifle platoons. In the article we will look at the organizational structure of a motorized rifle company.
A motorized rifle company consists of a control group, motorized rifle platoons with their own control groups and. The company also includes a “tank destroyer” unit.
In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2005-10, there were several options for organizing motorized rifle companies (MRCs).
- MSR company on an armored personnel carrier.
- MSR company on BMP-2 from the staff of the regiment, under divisional subordination.
- MSR company on BMP-2 from the battalion staff, under brigade subordination.
Motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier
The company on the armored personnel carrier includes three (MSV). Each platoon has 32 personnel and each platoon has a control group of 6 people.
Anti-tank squad in a company on an armored personnel carrier
In addition, the company on the armored personnel carrier includes an anti-tank squad from the battalion’s grenade launcher platoon. The PTO consists of 9 people who have the following weapons:
- Anti-tank missile system (ATGM "Metis") on armored personnel carrier 80 - 3 units,
- “Kalashnikov” AK74 – 6 units;
- Armored personnel carrier (APC) – 1 unit,
- Vinogradov heavy machine gun, mounted on an armored personnel carrier (KPV marking) – 1 unit,
- The Kalashnikov tank machine gun is mounted on an armored personnel carrier (marked PKT) - 1 unit.
Armament of MSR on armored personnel carriers
Company soldiers' weapons consist of additional company weapons, namely:
- Kalashnikov machine gun (PKM) – 4 units;
- Dragunov sniper rifles (SVD) – 12 units;
- Kalashnikov manual machine gun (RPK 74) – 9 units,
- “Kalashnikov” AK74 – 76 units;
- Grenade launchers (RPG-7) – 9 units;
- Anti-tank missile system (ATGM) – 6 units;
- Armored personnel carriers (APCs) – 11 units.
- Vinogradov heavy machine gun (KPV) – 11 units, mounted on armored personnel carriers,
- Kalashnikov tank machine gun (PKT) – 11 units. They are standing on an armored personnel carrier.
Note: In state The company does not have signalmen, chemists, or air defense equipment.
Motorized Rifle Company on BMP-2 from the regiment staff
Company management - 10 people, moving on two infantry fighting vehicles, namely:
- The company commander is also the commander of the first infantry fighting vehicle;
- Deputy company commander for personnel;
- Company Sergeant Major;
- Nurse instructor;
- SBR radar operator (short-range reconnaissance radar);
- Commander of the second infantry fighting vehicle;
- Two senior driver mechanics;
- Two gunner-operators.
Distribution of the company control group across infantry fighting vehicles
The control group moves on two infantry fighting vehicles from the 11 infantry fighting vehicles of the platoon.
First BMP This is the company commander's car. The crew of the vehicle: company commander, also known as the commander of the infantry fighting vehicle, driver mechanic, also known as the senior company mechanic-driver, operator - gunner.
2nd BMP company, crew: BMP commander, also senior company technician, driver, operator-gunner.
In addition to the crew in these 2 infantry fighting vehicles, the company control in the airborne compartment transports:
- Sanitary instructors;
- Anti-tank squad AGS-17 from the battalion's grenade launcher platoon,
- MANPADS squad from the battalion's air defense platoon,
- The communications department or several radio operators from the battalion control platoon.
Armament of the control of a motorized rifle company on an infantry fighting vehicle as part of a regiment
- AK74 – 10 units;
- BMP-2 – 2 units;
- 30 mm gun on BMP (2A42) – 2 units;
- Kalashnikov tank machine guns (PKT) – 2 units,
- Anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM) – 2 units.
The main composition of the company on the BMP
In addition to the control group, the company includes:
3 platoons of 30 fighters and 6 control people each. Total in the company in the regiment: 100 people.
Main armament:
- PKM machine gun – 3 units;
- SVD rifle – 3 units;
- RPK 74 machine gun – 9 units;
- AK 74 - 76 units;
- RPG-7v grenade launcher – 9 units;
- BMP vehicle - 11 units;
- 30-mm guns (2A42) – 11 units (on infantry fighting vehicles);
- PKT machine gun – 11 units (on BMP);
- ATGM missile system - 11 units (on infantry fighting vehicles).
Motorized rifle company as part of a brigade
The MSR staff in a brigade is similar to the MSR in a regiment, only reinforced by a grenade launcher platoon.
Composition of the MSR grenade launcher platoon
The grenade launcher platoon has 26 personnel, including the platoon commander. Deputy commander, three squads of 8 people each.
Armament of a grenade launcher platoon
- AK74 – 20 units;
- AGS-17 – 6 units;
- BMP - 3 vehicles;
The BMP is equipped with: 30-mm cannon (2A42) – 3 units, PKT – 3 units, ATGM – 3 units.
In total, the MSR staff of the battalion consists of 126 people.
Armament of the anti-tank platoon:
- PKM – 3 units;
- SVD – 3 units;
- RPK 74 – 9 units;
- AK74 – 96 units;
- RPG-7v – 9 units;
- AGS-17 – 6 units;
- BMP - 14 units;
- Gun 2A42 – 14 units;
- PCT – 14 units;
- ATGM – 14 units.
Battalions are the main combined arms tactical units of brigades, within which they perform various combat missions. Also, according to experts, battalions can act independently. Motorized rifle troops (MSV) are among the most combat-ready. Information about the organizational structure motorized rifle battalion you will find in this article.
Story
Battalion as component The regiment was introduced into the Russian army by Peter I. The term “battalion” comes from the word “battles”. Previously, it designated a certain order in the formation of troops. In the 15th century, a battalion began to be called cavalry or infantrymen, who were placed on the battlefield in the form of a closed square. The number of soldiers in the battalion was not constant and varied from 1 to 10 thousand people. In the 17th century, the number was 800-1000 soldiers. One battalion was equipped with 8 or 9 companies.
Over time, new types of weapons appeared, combat missions became more complex and varied - with the use of heavy machine guns, mortars and artillery pieces, as a result of which the battalion structure became more complex. The staff was supplemented by headquarters and units carrying out combat and logistics support(economic, transport, communications, etc.).
After World War I, the army was replenished with tank, self-propelled artillery, mortar, motorcycle, sapper, engineer, machine-gun and artillery, motorized infantry and other battalions. During the Great Patriotic War, when balancing forces and calculating density, motorized rifle battalions were used as the main unit. The structure and description of such a military formation is given below in the article.
Compound
The regular structure of a motorized rifle battalion is represented by the following combat units:
- Three motorized rifle companies (MSR). It is a tactical unit that primarily operates as part of a motorized rifle brigade (MSB). However, according to military experts, in such areas as reconnaissance and security, a company can act autonomously. In addition, Msr is a fairly effective tactical airborne assault or special squad behind enemy lines.
- One mortar battery.
- One anti-tank platoon.
- Grenade launcher and anti-aircraft missile platoons.
Also in the organizational structure of a motorized rifle battalion there is:
- Medical Center.
- A platoon that provides communications with the command and other military units and formations.
- Support platoon.
In the structure of a motorized rifle battalion, each of the above units performs specific tasks.
About the command
The organizational structure of a motorized rifle battalion provides for the presence of a commander, his deputy responsible for personnel, and a deputy in charge of weapons. The location of the deputy battalion commander is the headquarters, where he holds the position of chief. In addition to him, the headquarters includes a signal commander, a warrant officer and a clerk.
About the structure of a signal platoon
Such a formation has at its disposal two command armored personnel carriers or infantry fighting vehicles, 8 thousand meters of cable and 22 radio stations. Staff structure separate battalion Communications of the motorized rifle brigade is represented by:
- Squad commander. He is also a senior radiotelephonist-mechanic-driver of an armored personnel carrier or infantry fighting vehicle.
- Two radio sections (with a commander, a senior radio master of the first section and a senior radiotelephone operator of the second).
- The driver of the second vehicle.
In total, the total strength of the communications platoon is 13 military personnel.
About the mortar battery
In the structure of a motorized rifle battalion it is similar combat unit complete with:
- Battery management. Management is carried out by the commander and his deputy for work with personnel. In addition, the presence of a foreman, a medical instructor and a senior driver is provided.
- A management platoon with an intelligence section and signalmen.
- Two fire platoons, each equipped with four 120mm mortars.
There are 66 people serving in the mortar battery. This military formation has four radio stations, a cable (4 thousand meters), 8 mortars and 8 tractor units. Sometimes a battalion includes a self-propelled battery of Nona mortars. The unit is equipped with two platoons, each of which has Nona-S installations of 4 guns.
According to experts, it was previously planned to use self-propelled howitzers"Khosta" 2S34 is a modernized version of the "Gvozdika" 2S1. On this moment this issue is under consideration by the military leadership.
The task of a mortar battery is to suppress and destroy enemy manpower and its fire weapons, which are located in open positions, trenches and dugouts. Such a formation can operate effectively on areas of up to 4 hectares.
About the grenade launcher platoon
The structure of a motorized rifle battalion has a platoon whose tasks include the destruction of enemy personnel and firepower outside of shelters. The staff includes a platoon commander and his deputy. In addition, a grenade launcher platoon has three squads with their own commanders, two senior gunners, two grenade launchers, armored personnel carrier machine gunners and drivers. The number of personnel is 26 military personnel. The platoon has at its disposal 30 mm AGS-17 grenade launchers (6 units) and infantry fighting vehicles (3 vehicles).
Anti-tank platoon
Due to the fact that this unit stops the advancing enemy by firing its guns, their fire capabilities are taken into account as the main indicator. They are expressed in the number of destroyed enemy objects.
On average, a motorized rifle battalion destroys 130 enemy infantry fighting vehicles and 80 tanks. The figure can increase to 120 tanks and 170 combat vehicles if the SME includes a tank company and a platoon of controlled anti-tank missiles. Today in Russia there are the most modern systems weapons.
About the composition of the battalion on infantry fighting vehicles
About the composition on armored personnel carriers
In the motorized rifle battalion, 539 people serve on armored personnel carriers.
The formation is equipped with 6 9K111 "Fagot" (ATGM "F") and 9 9K115 "Metis" (ATGM "M").
The personnel on the armored personnel carrier have at their disposal mortars "Vasilek" 2B9 and 2B9M, and three automatic 82-mm mortars. There are also 6 mortars of 82 mm caliber.
Quantity Vehicle- 43 armored personnel carriers.
About the anti-aircraft missile platoon
Such a formation within the structure of a motorized rifle battalion of the Russian Armed Forces destroys enemy aircraft, helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles and airborne troops. Range - low to medium altitudes. The platoon includes:
- The platoon commander and his deputy (he also leads the unit).
- Three branches. Each has its own commander, anti-aircraft gunners (2 people), an armored personnel carrier machine gunner, a senior driver and his assistant.
The number of personnel is 16 military personnel. The fighters have at their disposal the Igla or Strela-2M launch systems in the amount of 9 guns. The platoon has three armored personnel carriers.
About the battalion first aid station
To collect the wounded and evacuate them, the structure of the motorized rifle battalion of the Russian Federation provides a medical center. The staff of this unit is represented by the head of the first-aid post (warrant officer), a medical instructor, two orderlies, a senior driver and three driver-orderlies. There are 4 UAZ-469 vehicles and one trailer at our disposal.
About the support platoon
The unit's tasks include maintenance and ongoing repairs of battalion equipment. A support platoon with a staff of 19 people operates under the leadership of a warrant officer (who is also the platoon commander) and his deputy - the squad commander. The platoon structure includes a maintenance department, an automobile department and a utility department.
Over the years, this unit was equipped with reconnaissance and engineer platoons. Today such a composition is not provided. The structure of such a unit is limited only to the following formations:
Finally
In combat conditions, all the forces and means of the most diverse military branches interact. A clear example this is complicated organizational structure MSR and tank units.
A motorized rifle platoon is a tactical unit within a company. A motorized rifle platoon is designed to solve problems in defense, offensive, capture of objects and other tactical tasks.
Motorized rifle platoon - organization
A motorized rifle platoon includes a control group and three squads. Typically, the MSV operates as part of a company. However, in marching, combat security and reconnaissance, the MSV can act independently.
To solve individual problems, the platoon may be assigned additional forces from other branches of the military and special units.
Motorized rifle platoon control group There are motorized rifle platoons operating on armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles.
Motorized rifle platoons on armored personnel carriers
The MSV on an armored personnel carrier consists of a control group and three motorized rifle squads. The platoon control group includes:
- Platoon commander armed with AK-74 and Makarov Pistol (PM);
- Deputy platoon commander (armed with AK-74);
- Platoon sniper (SVD weapons);
- Machine gunner with a Kalashnikov machine gun (PK) or its modifications (PKM);
- Assistant machine gunner with AK-74;
- The shooter is a nurse AK-74.
The organization and armament of a motorized rifle squad can be read in the relevant articles on the site:
Platoon on an infantry fighting vehicle
A motorized rifle platoon on an infantry fighting vehicle also consists of a control group and three motorized rifle squads. The composition of the control group is similar to the control group of the MSV on an armored personnel carrier. Only the composition of the departments on infantry fighting vehicles differs, about which read the relevant articles (link to articles above)
Total. A motorized rifle platoon consists of 32 soldiers on an armored personnel carrier, and 30 soldiers on an infantry fighting vehicle.
The MSV's armament includes:
- Kalashnikov assault rifles: 18 units for armored personnel carriers and 16 units for infantry fighting vehicles;
- AKSU-74: 6 units;
- PC (Kalashnikov machine gun): 1 unit;
- (Dragunov sniper rifle): 1 unit;
- RPKT (machine gun on vehicles): 3 units;
- RPG-7v (hand grenade launchers): 3 units each.
The main tasks of a motorized rifle platoon
A motorized rifle platoon, structure and weapons allow it to solve the following tactical and special tasks:
- Organization of defense on an area of 400 meters;
- Creation and maintenance of an MSV stronghold on an area of 400 by 300 meters;
- An offensive as part of a battalion or separately, to defeat enemy units;
- Capturing buildings and defense lines, pursuing retreaters;
- Conduct reconnaissance;
- Carry out independent security;
- Capture individual settlements, break through fortified areas, with the organization of assault groups.
To solve special problems, additional units of other military branches are assigned to the MSV.
Dvoinev Vladimir Vladimirovich
Stories about service in the Kandahar Brigade 1984-1986
(part five)
June 1984. My second platoon, consisting of the 9th company, on armored personnel carriers, having marched from the brigade, arrived from the northern side of the steppe to the green zone, in the section from Nari-Rauzi to Loy-Manar. The infantry landed and, combing the surrounding area, in the afternoon they reached the village of Kogak, located on the hills. Following with us was an air controller officer, a fighter with a massive radio station operating on aviation frequencies. Also, 2 mortar crews, headed by Lieutenant Alexander Kozinyuk and our battalion doctor Igor Bogatu, went with us to the operation. Our task was to provide the aircraft controller with support for his efficient and safe work. The young lieutenant was supposed to adjust the work of aviation in this area, direct bombing attacks of air groups on targets. IN Lately, the spirits became completely brutal and caused a lot of trouble for the columns passing along the Nagakhan turn and the infantry escorting them. Therefore, the brigade command decided to bomb this area, where the main enemy forces had settled. Having cordoned off Kogak on three sides, we carefully entered it and took up defense in adobe Afghan houses. The village was not large, and its population left before our arrival. It was clear that people had not lived here for a long time. The aircraft controller worked on the radio, transmitting coordinates to targets. Everything went as usual. As darkness fell, we began to prepare to stay the night in this inhospitable place. We set up a military guard, set up several trip wires on the approaches, had a dry dinner and hid, completely limiting any movement. Those who served in the 70th brigade in Kandahar will understand where we spent the night. Next to us is Nagahan. There is greenery all around, in which no shuravi has set foot for a very long time.
The map shows the villages of Kogak and Nagakhan. The route of movement of the 9th company in June 1984.
The night was quiet and bright, the moon illuminated the area well, which helped us view the area. The sky was strewn with bright large stars. Such a starry sky can only be seen in the east. If it were not for the war, one would believe that you were traveling through a fairyland and stopped for the night in a local caravanserai. But there was a war and the romantic mood quickly disappeared. You need to watch around. In the morning, the platoon, except for the sentries, dozed off. Powerful explosive blows woke us up. Our valiant aviation ironed its 250 kg. bombs bombed the village in which we occupied our positions. A pair of MIG-21s had already walked up the hill once and were taxiing for a second bombing run. The soldiers immediately lit smoke bombs with orange smoke. With such checkers, we indicated that here we are “Ours”! But from the flight altitude and at the speeds at which the MIGs were approaching, the orange smoke was hardly noticeable. Another 4 bombs fell nearby, shaking everything around. The aircraft controller began shouting commands over the radio to stop the bombing. One of the pilots replied that it was his wingman who mixed up the slides. Having thus completed the flight mission, the planes left for the airfield. When we looked around, counted the personnel and checked the weapons, making sure that we had not suffered losses, we breathed a sigh of relief and realized that this time we were very lucky. Aviation did not operate anymore that day. And it’s understandable, if there’s infantry in the green, why drop aerial bombs there? Sasha Kozinyuk said that if we all return to the brigade, we must remember to visit the pilots and deal with them about today’s bombing.
Singerai vineyards
Having completed the task, almost dying in the process, we received the command to go to the armored group and leave for the brigade. We went through the famous Nagahan. For the first time, I saw this hostile and hated village from the inside. Having distributed positional roles between the platoons, we divided into three groups: the forward detachment consisting of the 1st platoon, the so-called vanguard, then the main group, which included my 2nd platoon and 3rd platoon, as well as the trailing grenade-machine-gun group platoon. When I say 9th company, you, dear readers, imagine a full-time motorized rifle company armed with 12 combat vehicles equipped with large-caliber 14.5 KPVT machine guns, 7.62 tank machine guns PCT. In our situation, all the platoons consisted of 9-12 people and had only standard weapons, small arms. We didn't have mortars or recoilless rifles. In those days, the company commander was not with us; his duties were performed by the deputy company commander for political affairs, senior lieutenant Ibraev Murat Assankulovich, who died on July 19, 1984 at the Most outpost. There was no deputy, as the position of deputy company commander would be introduced later in August 1985. There were no warrant officers: the company sergeant major and the company senior technician. And our glorious medical instructor Sasha Minaev, a month earlier, dropped out of our ranks due to a serious injury. Many fighters were in hospitals or had previously died. In total there were about 40 of us, no more. In this lightweight version, our company almost always carried out its combat missions. The armor could not walk with us. Zelenka was completely impassable for military equipment.
The mountain in the center of the photo is Kogak. On the right is the blue dome of the mosque. In front of the mountain is the Argandab River.
We moved along the village. I remember a very long alley, probably a hundred meters. WITH right side it was covered by high walls of long buildings, and on the left side, a low, about shoulder-deep, duct. We walked through the village, ready to fight at any moment. Having walked almost two-thirds of the way along this Afghan alley, I suddenly heard three long bursts of machine gun fire. Instantly we dispersed across the width of the enclosed space. To be honest, we were completely at ease in this clay chute. And if it weren’t for our fortune and the smart placement of units in a moving column, we would not have avoided losses. The fact is that somewhere in the middle of this alley, on the left side of us, in a not high duct, at knee level, there was a hole large enough to fire through. When my platoon passed by this place and moved away to a distance of about 5-7 meters, the tube of a Dukhovsky grenade launcher stuck through the hole and aimed at our backs. Apparently, the enemy, having let us through, decided that all the shuravi had passed and decided to attack from the rear, insidiously, as usual. Praise be to our Lord that, bringing up the rear of the company column, a grenade launcher and machine gun platoon followed us. A soldier of this platoon (unfortunately I forgot his last name), seeing a grenade launcher, quickly looked behind the duct and, finding two Basmachi, reacted instantly, using a machine gun he shot them both. Reaching his hand into the hole, he grabbed an enemy grenade launcher and a Chinese AKM. He quickly ran to us and reported the situation. We had little time left to get out of this corridor, which was being shot from all sides. We rushed to the exit. We were lucky that it was clean. The spirits somehow did not immediately come to their senses and understand what had happened. Their five-minute confusion was enough for us to rush out of the village and into the greenery. When the enemy came to his senses, we were at the ditch that goes around the village. There was a passage through this ditch - a low-bending living tree. The company began to run across the tree to the other side. Here, a sea of fire poured in our direction. They fired from grenade launchers and automatic weapons. My soldiers lay down and began to cover the retreat of the main part of the company. While we were shooting, the company crossed to the other side. It was our turn to leave. I stood up and stepped onto the tree. From the side of the spirits, in full height, a warrior of European appearance stood up, wearing sand overalls, sunglasses and a yellow baseball cap on his head. He fired a grenade launcher in our direction. The grenade, whistling and hissing, flew past and exploded in the reeds behind us. Bullets clicked overhead and on the sides, along the branches of trees and bushes. The company set up a barrage with its fire and we all moved beyond the saving channel. The soldiers quickly left a couple of grenades with the pin pulled out at the exit at the crossing, crushing them with cobblestones. We, firing on the move, began to quickly leave the green area. After some time, I heard an explosion at the crossing. Afterwards everything became quiet. Probably, the gift left for our opponents was not to their liking. Nobody was following us anymore. We marched through the village of Dekhsauzi and went out onto the concrete road behind the Elevator. Our armor was waiting for us here. Having saddled her, we full speed went to the connection location. Over the past 24 hours, luck smiled on us twice. The first time we came under bombing, we almost suffered from our own people. The second time, we communicated with an insidious, ruthless and trained enemy in his lair, while all our fighters remained safe and sound, none of us were even injured. The spirits suffered losses.
9th company after a raid in the brigade. I’m standing in a maskhalat, to my left is Senior Lieutenant Popov, commander of the 1st platoon. In the photo are soldiers and sergeants of the company: Mikheykin Veniamin, Dmitriv Roman, Zardotkhonov Dzhura, Onishchenko Sergey, Korablinov, Nesen, Klimov, Shatsky Valera.
But the problem of shelling by our own troops haunted our units throughout their entire service in the DRA. I remember cases when a brigade operation was carried out to clear the area around the Pasab outpost. There, Soviet tanks were shooting at us. One shot from a tank gun hit a tree standing above our soldiers and one soldier was killed. The night raid behind Singerai gave an unforgettable feeling of shelling from Grad launchers. Miraculously, that night, the 2nd and 3rd platoons of our company did not lose their soldiers. Later, at around 1001, my escorted platoon in greenery was fired upon by a Soviet column that was firing in our direction from Utes. Near the Perseus outpost, twice, with a difference of six months, our positions were attacked by NURS from helicopters flying over the territory at night. And I described the incident at the Nagahan turn, as a result of which Private Kassilin was seriously wounded. Regarding the shelling by NURS from helicopters making night flights along the perimeter of the airfield, this was the case. One of the first shellings, which occurred at the end of February or beginning of March 1985, when the "South" outpost had only recently been set up. Alexander Kozinyuk, a platoon commander of a mortar battery of the 3rd battalion, miraculously survived. The mortar men were located in adobe rooms with round roofs. Alexander, this evening he left for the brigade on service matters. He had to stay there and did not return to the outpost for the night. And at night, a couple of helicopters, making a control flight over the territory (apparently, they had no information that our outpost was posted here), saw lights below (the driver of the armored personnel carrier at the outpost decided to turn on the headlights for a few seconds) and right there, the helicopter pilots fired back with NURS . One of them exactly broke through the roof of the house and hit the wall right above Sasha’s bed. When he arrived this morning, he almost went crazy. The blanket and mattress were all cut by fragments. Some kind of foresight averted trouble from him. He then walled up the NURS shank into the wall and showed it to everyone. And for Senior Lieutenant Nikolai Koblov, commander of the 3rd anti-tank television, the NURS fell directly through the hole into the engine compartment of an armored personnel carrier. There was no visible damage, but the armored personnel carrier would not start - they could not understand what was wrong. Only when we climbed into the engine compartment did everything become clear. And the second incident has already happened, in January-February 1986. The mortars were located at the new outpost “Slovo”, and opposite, exactly, was the location of my AGS platoon. Battalion doctor Igor Bogatu and Slava Zhivotenko were at “Science”. In short, Igor and Slava gathered to visit the mortar men at Slovo. We kicked out the moonshine and let's go. We sat and wrote out a game of preference. The company consisted of the following characters: Slava Zhivotenko, Sasha Kozinyuk, Igor Kalinichenko, Sergey Khrenov, Oleg Razinkin. Everyone is engrossed in the game and suddenly, on a low-level flight, a pair of approaching helicopters fire a salvo of NURS. The helicopter pilots stretched the entire cassette from the mortar commander’s house to the positions of my AGS platoon. How it didn’t hit anyone that time (even the shrapnel didn’t touch anyone) is mind-boggling! The fact is that when a positional war is waged, the troops occupy certain lines. And, in this case, it is clear where the enemy’s line of defense is. Aviation and artillery conduct their work according to it. In the war in Afghanistan 1979-1989, units were constantly on the move throughout the territory. We moved through the mountains, desert, green zone, crossed rivers, and entered residential areas. I remember that as part of raid operations, our company covered distances of up to 20 km. per day, on foot, without military equipment. Our dress code was “who wears whatever.” No monotony. From a certain distance, it was impossible to understand who we were. In this war, we did not set ourselves the task of destroying all Afghans. More often than not, we were the targets of the spirits. I still can’t say exactly why we did all this? Because as soon as we left the area, everything in it returned to normal again - the spirits came back. But we were Soviet military personnel and strived to serve our Motherland with honor and dignity.
MOTORIZED COMPANY ON AN APC
OKSVA, 1984-1985
General company structure 1. The position of “Deputy Company Commander” was introduced in all motorized rifle companies of the Limited Contingent in the summer (approximately August) of 1985.| 1st, 2nd, 3rd Motorized Rifle Platoon | |||
| 1) Platoon leader 2) Sniper 1 motorized rifle squad 1) ZKV - squad commander 2) Art. shooter 3) Machine gunner 4) Sniper 5) Page. grenade launcher - gunner KPVT 6) Driver 2nd and 3rd motorized rifle squads 1) Squad commander 2) Art. shooter 3) Machine gunner 4) Sniper 5) Page. grenade launcher - gunner KPVT 6) Driver | Art. Lieutenant Corporal Art. sergeant corporal private private private private sergeant corporal private private private private | AKS-74 SVD AK-74, GP-25 AK-74, GP-25 RPK-74 SVD RPG-7V, AKS-74u AK-74 AK-74, GP-25 AK-74, GP-25 RPK-74 SVD RPG-7V, AKS-74U AK-74 | Total in platoon: 20 people hp (1 officer, 3 sergeant, 16 row.) 3 BTR-70 3 RPG-7V 3 RPK-74 4 SVD 10 AKS-74 3 AKS-74u 6 GP-25 |
| Grenade launcher-machine gun platoon | |||
| 1) Platoon commander 1 machine gun compartment 1) ZKV - squad leader 2) Machine gunner 3) Machine gunner 4) Machine gunner 5) Driver 2 grenade launcher compartment 1) Squad commander 2) Art. grenade launcher 3) Grenade launcher 4) Art. grenade launcher 5) Page grenade launcher 6) Art. grenade launcher 7) Page grenade launcher 8) Driver | Art. ensign senior sergeant private private private private sergeant corporal private private private private | AK-74 AK-74 PKM PKM PKM AK-74 AK-74 AGS-17, AKS-74u Machine AGS-17, AKS-74u AGS-17, AKS-74u Machine AGS-17, AKS-74u AGS-17, AKS -74u Machine AGS-17, AKS-74u AK-74 | Total in platoon: 14 people hp (1st lieutenant, 2nd sergeant, 11th row.) 2 BTR-70 3 AGS-17 3 PKM 5 AK-74 6 AKS-74u |
Which is infantry equipped with vehicles and fire support. Nowadays, motorized rifle troops are the basis of most armies in the world. Their main task is to conduct large-scale ground operations, both independently and in coordination with other branches of the military. In the West, MSVs are often called “mechanized infantry.”
Motorized riflemen can fight in any terrain, day or night and in any weather, on foot or in their combat vehicles. The main advantages of MSVs are their mobility, maneuverability and great versatility.
Motorized rifle units include artillery, tank and anti-aircraft units, as well as a number of special military formations (for example, engineering units, chemical and radiation protection units). Modern infantry is armed with tactical missile systems capable of using nuclear weapons.
In Russian modern history motorized rifle troops repeatedly took part in hostilities. In particular, the 201st motorized rifle division of the Russian Army fought on the side of the legitimate government of Tajikistan in civil conflict early 90s. Russian motorized riflemen were engaged in security state border of this country. The main brunt of both Chechen campaigns fell on the shoulders of motorized riflemen. Russian motorized rifle troops also took part in the war with Georgia in 2008.
The Day of Motorized Rifle Troops of the Russian Federation is celebrated on August 19. The unofficial flag of the motorized rifle troops is a black cloth on which crossed Kalashnikov assault rifles are framed by laurel wreaths. The emblem is complemented by two St. George ribbons and the MSV motto: “Mobility and maneuverability.” The flag of the motorized rifle troops completely replicates the sleeve patch of the motorized rifle troops.
MSV is the modern embodiment of infantry, of the most ancient kind troops, on whose shoulders from time immemorial the main burdens of war fell. Hoplites, Roman legionnaires, landsknechts, the “grey-overcoated bastard” of the First World War - they have always formed the backbone of any army, because the war ends exactly at the point on which the foot of the infantryman sets foot.
From the history of motorized rifle troops
The widespread use of automobiles began during the First World War. This significantly increased the mobility and maneuverability of the infantry. Started in 1916 new era- The first tanks were created in Great Britain. And at the end of the First World War, the British developed a transport tank - the prototype of a modern armored personnel carrier on which infantry could move during battle.
After the end of the First World War, the world's advanced armies embarked on the path of mechanization and motorization. In addition to tanks and trucks, various types of armored personnel carriers, armored vehicles and tractors were developed.
In the USSR in 1939 appeared the new kind units - motorized division. It was planned that the movement of personnel of such units would occur using vehicles. However, Soviet industry was not yet ready to provide the Red Army with a sufficient number of high-quality vehicles. During the war, the issue of mobility of the Red Army ground formations was mainly resolved through lend-lease equipment - American armored personnel carriers and excellent Studebaker trucks.
Huge emphasis on motorization ground forces paid in Hitler's Germany. The Germans carefully studied the experience of using motorized vehicles during the First World War and came to the conclusion that increasing the mobility of ground forces is one of the main components of success, both in offense and defense. Large-scale infantry motorization made a significant contribution to the success of the new German concept of warfare - blitzkrieg tactics.
The composition of the German tank divisions - spearheads driving forces Blitzkrieg - included several motorized rifle regiments armed with Sd.Kfz armored personnel carriers. 251 and had a significant number of vehicles.
Gradually, ordinary German infantry divisions were saturated with armored personnel carriers and vehicles, after which they received the status of motorized and motorized grenadier divisions.
Motorization and mechanization of the ground forces has become one of the main directions of modernization Soviet army after the end of the war. Soviet generals realized the need to increase the mobility of infantry formations. In June 1945, the State Defense Committee issued a decree on the replenishment of armored and mechanized formations of the Red Army. However, the issue of saturating the ground forces with vehicles and armored personnel carriers will only be completely resolved by 1957. As a result, 1958 was the year of the appearance of Soviet motorized rifle troops.
Soviet motorized rifles were the first in the world to adopt a new type of armored vehicles - combat vehicles infantry. These versatile vehicles could not only transport infantry, but also effectively support them in battle. The BMP-1 began to enter combat units of the Soviet army in 1966. Later, the Soviet concept of using infantry fighting vehicles was taken up by the majority Western countries. It should be noted that almost all armored vehicles of the USSR motorized rifle troops could independently overcome water obstacles and were well protected from weapons of mass destruction.
In the USSR, motorized rifle troops were the most numerous in the armed forces; we can say that the MRF became the basis of the Soviet army. At the end of the 80s, there were more than 150 motorized rifle divisions. In addition, each tank division included one or two motorized rifle regiments.
A typical Soviet motorized rifle division (MSD) of the late 1980s consisted of three motorized rifle regiments, in addition to one tank, an anti-aircraft missile and artillery regiment, a rocket artillery battalion and a battalion anti-tank guns. The MSD also included support units.
Motorized rifle regiments of the Soviet army were of two types: armed with armored personnel carriers or infantry fighting vehicles. Typically, the MSD included two regiments with armored personnel carriers and one with infantry fighting vehicles. It should be noted that the regiments armed with infantry fighting vehicles were planned to be used in the first echelon of the attack.
There were also separate motorized rifle brigades armed exclusively with infantry fighting vehicles.
At the end of the 80s it was strengthened air defense motorized rifle regiments - the anti-aircraft battery was expanded to a division.
It should be noted that the USSR had deployed motorized rifle divisions only abroad (late 80s): in Afghanistan, Germany, Eastern Europe. These MSDs included from 10 to 15 thousand military personnel. On the territory of the USSR, the number of divisions was usually about 1,800 people.
Several senior military officers trained officers for motorized rifle troops. educational institutions: Military Academy named after. Frunze and nine combined arms military schools.
As in Soviet times, the motorized rifle troops of the Russian Federation are the basis of the ground forces modern army. Since 2000, they have gradually switched to the brigade principle of formation.
It is believed that motorized rifle brigades (compared to divisions) are a more flexible and versatile tool for solving various combat missions. According to Russian strategists, the brigade structure of motorized rifle troops is more suitable to the realities of the present time. It is believed that the threat of a large-scale war is a thing of the past, and brigades are much better suited for local conflicts than numerous and cumbersome divisions. Brigades can lead fighting in any area and climatic conditions, using like common species weapons and weapons of mass destruction.
IN recent years There is more and more talk about a partial return to the divisional structure of motorized rifle troops. The Taman division has already been recreated, motorized rifle divisions will appear on Far East, in Tajikistan and in the western part of the country.
