Armament and equipment of Russian paratroopers-peacekeepers. Paratrooper's backpack and other equipment and uniforms Features of the old-style Airborne Forces dress uniform

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Trousers from a special suit of parachute parts With buttons The belt is adjustable in size using side elastic bands High waistband for the convenience of carrying ammunition on a belt Belt loops for a wide waist belt Reinforcing lining with a softening insert on the knees (photo A) Mesh for ventilation in the groin area Bottom of the trousers with an elastic band The cuffs at the bottom of the trousers are cinched with tape, which prevents debris from getting into the shoes Pockets: 2 side pockets and 2 hip pockets with a folded top, which prevents items from spontaneously falling out 1 knife pocket 2 back pockets Material: 100% cotton YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN: Designed for parachute parts of the suit turned out to be very convenient for tourists. Everything that is suitable for a parachute is also good for a backpack. Durable, heavy duty canvas fabric, pre-shrunk and highly fade resistant. The tarpaulin breathes, protects from wind and moisture, is not afraid of a fire (if you do not dry clothes on a fire rope) and is not bitten by insects. The loose-fitting jacket does not restrict movement and has no protruding parts. Due to the absence of lower pockets, it can be worn either untucked or tucked into trousers. Buttons characteristic of uniforms. The bottom of the jacket is adjustable in size. Two front pockets and easy-to-access side sleeve pockets are secured with flaps. The internal pocket for documents is made of water-repellent fabric. Ventilation in the most overheated areas of the jacket and trousers is provided by mesh fabric. The most tense ones (elbows and knees) are reinforced with additional pads (on the knees with a softening insert). Pants with a high, adjustable elastic waistband and straps for a wide belt are comfortable and allow you to carry the necessary equipment on the belt. The loose cut and drawstring bottom of the legs allow you to move freely through the most inaccessible places and protect the boots from debris getting inside. The restraint of the jacket is more than compensated by the abundance of pockets on the trousers. Slit pockets on the sides are simple and familiar, two back pockets with flaps, two front pockets with flaps on the front of the hips and a pocket for a knife. You can place everything you need from salt, matches, maps, compass and GPS to machine gun horns. A durable, comfortable, breathable, unpretentious suit will provide reliable protection in the forest and in the air.

MPA-78 Light jacket provides excellent protection from wind, thanks to the stitched lining, removable hood and windproof strip. On the right and left shelves there are patch pockets fastened with textile fasteners. There are also front side welt pockets with a zipper. The sleeves are adjustable in width using tape and plastic patches (Velcro). Along the shoulder line there are false shoulder straps fastened with buttons. On the left side of the jacket lining there is a horizontal zippered pocket. The demi-season jacket of the Ministry of Defense provides excellent protection from wind thanks to the stitched lining, removable hood and windproof flap. On the right and left shelves there are patch pockets fastened with textile fasteners. Appearance. Jacket of a straight silhouette with an insulated stitched lining, with a central side zipper, with an external wind flap, and a drawstring at the waist. The front has a stitched yoke extending to the back, with upper welt pockets with flaps fastened with textile fasteners, side welt pockets fastened with a zipper. Set-in two-seam sleeves with stitched cuffs on an elastic band and plastic patches (Velcro) at the bottom to adjust the width. Along the shoulder line there are shoulder straps with false shoulder straps, fastened with buttons. Stand collar. The hood is fastened with a zipper, consisting of three parts. The hood along the front neckline is adjustable with an elastic cord and clamps. On the left side of the jacket lining there is a horizontal zippered pocket. Characteristics protection from cold protection from rain and wind regular cut Materials rip-stop membrane

Unusual character airborne operations dictated the development of the necessary specialized equipment, which in turn led to the expansion of the capabilities of military art in general

The operations of the German paratroopers in World War II presented conflicting requirements for weapons and equipment. On the one hand, paratroopers needed high firepower, which they could demonstrate in battle in order to act decisively and with maximum efficiency, but, on the other hand, the arsenal available to them
was limited by the extremely low carrying capacity of landing equipment - both aircraft, parachutes and gliders.

During the landing operation, the paratrooper jumped from the plane practically unarmed, except for a pistol and additional bandoliers. When paratroopers were introduced into battle by glider landing, the capacity and aerodynamic characteristics of the Gotha DFS-230 gliders dictated their limitations - aircraft could accommodate 10 people and 275 kg of equipment.
This contradiction was never overcome, especially in the part that concerns field artillery guns and anti-aircraft guns. However, German companies, such as the Rheinmetall and Krupp concerns, which had powerful technical resources, found many innovative solutions to problems associated with the mobility and striking firepower of parachute units. On the ground it was often difficult to distinguish the equipment of paratroopers from the standard one. ground forces ah Wehrmacht, however, specialized weapons still appeared, and they not only increased the combat potential of paratroopers, but also influenced the development of military equipment and weapons of the coming half of the 20th century.

Outfit

Protective clothing is very important to a skydiver, and for skydivers it started with high ankle boots. They had thick rubber soles that were very comfortable, although not suitable for long walks, and provided good grip on the floor inside the aircraft fuselage (since they did not use the large boot nails typically found on the type of footwear supplied to soldiers in other branches of the military). Initially, the lacing was on the sides to avoid snagging parachute lines, but it was gradually realized that this was not necessary, and after operations in Crete in 1941, manufacturers began supplying boots with traditional lacing to paratroopers.

Over their combat uniform, the paratroopers wore a waterproof, hip-length canvas jumpsuit. It underwent various improvements and was designed to provide additional protection against moisture when jumping, and was also more suitable for wearing a harness.

Since landing has always been one of the most risky stages of a jump for a parachutist, his uniform was equipped with special knee pads and elbow pads. The trouser legs of the combat uniform set had small slits on the sides at knee level into which canvas thickenings lined with plant fluff were inserted. Additional protection was provided by external “shock absorbers” made of leather-covered porous rubber, which were secured with straps or ties. (Both the thickening and the overalls themselves were usually discarded after landing, although the overalls were sometimes left in order to put a belt over it.) The trousers had a small pocket just above the level of the knees, into which a sling knife, important for a paratrooper, was placed.

Sling cutter Fliegerkappmesser - FKM

1 - M38 helmet
2 - Jumping blouse with splintered pattern with sleeve insignia differences
3 - Trousers M-37
4 - M-38 gas mask in a canvas bag
5 - 9 mm MP-40 SMG
6 - Pouches for MP-40 magazines on the belt
7 - Flask
8 - Rustic bag M-31
9 - Folding shovel
10 - Ziess 6x30 binoculars
11 - Boots

As the war picked up pace, the paratroopers' uniforms became increasingly distinctive features uniforms of ground forces soldiers. This seasoned soldier, however, still wears his special paratrooper helmet, by which the paratroopers were easily recognized among other German units.

Probably the most important element protective equipment. Indispensable both for jumping and combat was a specific landing helmet. In general, it looked like an ordinary German infantryman's helmet. but without a visor and brim that dropped down, protecting the ears and neck, equipped with a shock-absorbing balaclava and a chin strap firmly fixing it on the fighter’s head.

German paratroop helmet

Parachute helmet liner

Diagram of the German airborne helmet

Since in most cases paratroopers had to fight for quite a long time without the opportunity to receive supplies, the ability to carry a large number of additional ammunition.

German paratrooper with bandolier

A specially designed paratrooper bandoleer had 12 pockets, connected in the center by a canvas strap that was draped around the neck, and the bandoleer itself hung over the chest so that the fighter had access to the pockets from both sides. The bandolier allowed the paratrooper to carry about 100 cartridges for the Kag-98k rifle, which should have been enough for him until the next drop of equipment or the arrival of reinforcements. Later in the war, bandoliers appeared with four large pockets that could hold up to four magazines for the FG-42 rifle.

Parachutes

The first parachute to enter service with German paratroopers was backpack parachute forced opening of RZ-1. Created by order of the Technical Equipment Directorate of the Ministry of Aviation in 1937, the RZ-1 had a canopy with a diameter of 8.5 m and an area of 56 square meters. meters. When developing this landing device, the Italian model “Salvatore” was taken as a basis, in which the parachute strands converged at one point and from there were attached with a V-shaped braid to the belt at the parachutist’s waist with two half rings. The unfortunate consequence of this design was that the skydiver was left hanging from the lines in an awkwardly inclined position facing the ground - this also dictated the technique of jumping head first out of the aircraft to reduce the impact of the jerk when the parachute opened. The design was noticeably inferior to the Irwin parachute, which was used by Allied paratroopers and Luftwaffe pilots and which allowed a person to be in an upright position, being supported by four vertical straps. Among other things, such a parachute could be controlled by tightening the supporting lines of the suspension system, which made it possible to turn in the wind and control the direction of descent. Unlike the paratroopers of most other countries, the German paratrooper could not have any influence on the behavior of the parachute, since he did not even have the opportunity to reach the straps behind his back.

Another drawback of the RZ-1 was the four buckles that the paratrooper had to unfasten to free himself from the parachute, which, unlike similar Allied products, was not equipped with a quick release system. In practice, this meant that the skydiver was often dragged along the ground by the wind while he made desperate efforts to unfasten the buckles as quickly as possible. In such situations, it would be easier to cut the parachute lines. For this purpose, every paratrooper since 1937 had a “kappmesser” (sling knife), stored in a special pocket of his combat uniform trousers. The blade was hidden in the handle and opened by simply turning it down and pressing the latch, after which the blade fell into place under the influence of gravity. This meant that the knife could be used with one hand, making it an important item in the airborne kit.
Following the RZ-1 in 1940 came the RZ-16, which featured slightly improved suspension system and the technique of the pulling halyard. Meanwhile, the RZ-20, which entered service in 1941, remained the main parachute until the end of the war. One of its main advantages was a simpler buckle system, which at the same time was based on the same problematic Salvatore design.

Quick release buckle system on the German parachute RZ20

German parachute RZ-36

Another parachute was later produced, the RZ-36, which, however, found only limited use during the Ardennes operation. The triangular shape of the RZ-36 helped control the "pendulum swing" typical of previous parachutes.
The imperfection of the RZ series parachutes could not help but affect the effectiveness of landing operations carried out with their use, especially with regard to injuries received during landing, as a result of which the number of soldiers capable of taking part in hostilities after landing was reduced.

German landing containers

German container for dropping equipment

During parachute operations, almost all weapons and supplies were dropped in containers. Before Operation Mercury, there were three sizes of containers, with the smaller ones used to transport heavier military cargo, such as, say, ammunition, and the larger ones for larger, but lighter ones. After Crete, these containers were standardized - length 4.6 m, diameter 0.4 m and cargo weight 118 kg. To protect the contents of the container, it had a bottom made of corrugated iron, which crumpled upon impact and acted as a shock absorber. In addition, the loads were padded with rubber or felt, and the containers themselves were supported in a given position by suspension or placed inside other containers.

Drop containers dug out of the ground

A platoon of 43 people required 14 containers. If there was no need to open the container immediately, it could be carried by the handles (four in total) or rolled on a cart with rubber wheels that was included with each container. One version was a bomb-shaped container, used for light loads that were difficult to damage. They were thrown from aircraft like ordinary bombs and, although equipped with a braking parachute, did not have a shock absorber system.

German landing container for equipment found in the river by black diggers

At the beginning of June this year, the location peacekeeping 31st air assault airborne brigade a delegation of member states of the Treaty Organization visited Ulyanovsk for the first time collective security(CSTO). The guests were shown weapons that had been available for a long time and had just come into the possession of the military unit. We will talk about how Russian paratroopers are equipped and armed today.

Equipment and weapons

Parachutes

Airborne units use two types of parachute systems: D-10 complete with a reserve parachute and more modern system special purpose "Crossbow-2", which entered the Airborne Forces in 2012. The latter is part of the equipment of the brigade's reconnaissance units.

The D-10 system, used for mass operations, allows landing from a height of up to 4 km. This system provides a vertical rate of descent of up to 5 m/s, as well as slight horizontal sliding. Unlike the D-10, the Arbalet-2 special-purpose system, at the same landing altitude, allows gliding at a distance of up to ten kilometers. It comes with a container that can hold up to 50 kg of cargo.

Ulyanovsk paratroopers have already tested the Arbalet-2 at two large-scale exercises - in Belarus, and also on Kotelny Island (the New Siberian Islands archipelago in Yakutia), as part of an airborne force formation.

« At Kotelny we were given the task of capturing the enemy airfield by landing. Was strong wind with gusts up to 20 m/s, temperature minus 32 degrees. However, the parachute system allows for a safe landing even in such weather conditions. We completed the task, everything went without injuries or any complications“,” said the scout-machine gunner of the special purpose company, senior lieutenant Ilya Shilov.

According to the paratrooper, “Crossbow-2” is a very convenient, well-controllable system compared to the previous generation. With this system, Ilya Shilov made 52 jumps.

« TO heavy weight(the system itself is 17 kg, plus up to 50 kg cargo container) you get used to it. In comparison with the D-10, using the Crossbow-2 is like driving a Formula 1 car instead of a regular car", notes the scout-machine gunner.

Firearms

The main weapon of the paratroopers is the AK-74M assault rifle. The “old reliable” one, as the military themselves say, has been replaced by a manual PKM machine gun, the maximum length of a continuous burst of which is about 600 rounds. To all samples small arms new optics and guidance devices, both night and day, arrived.

After the formation of the 31st brigade of the reconnaissance battalion, many special silent weapons. This is the “Val” assault rifle, which fires special 9-mm subsonic cartridges SP-5 and SP-6, which penetrate body armor, or a 6-mm steel sheet at a range of 100 meters, as well as a PB pistol. To everyone special weapons there is also different variants optics.

In addition, the brigade entered service with 12.7 mm NSV machine gun on a new machine that allows you to fire not only at enemy ground targets and armored vehicles, but also at aircraft (it is most effective against helicopters). This weapon is convenient for use in the mountains, in an equipped stationary position.

In the arsenal of the paratroopers there is a 30-mm automatic grenade launcher on the AGS-17 “Plamya” machine, designed for combat operations outside of shelters, in open trenches and behind natural folds of the terrain, a lighter version of the AGS-30 and an RPG-7D3 hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher, which has both cumulative ammunition and high-explosive fragmentation.

« We also have newest weapons, working on the “fire and forget” principle. So, unlike the 9P135M launcher, which was in our service before, it has more powerful rocket, better armor penetration. In addition, the Kornet controls the rocket via a laser channel, while the previous model controlled it the old fashioned way, using a wired system. Thus, the range of anti-tank missile complex limited only by the power of the main engine“,” explains Lieutenant Colonel Mikhail Anokhin, deputy commander of the 31st Airborne Brigade for Armament, Guard.

Steel arms

One of the most interesting specimens is . It can be used traditionally, like a combat blade. In addition, the knife can fire one shot with a special cartridge, which is located in the handle: to do this, you need to cock the trigger and remove the safety. The distance at which the enemy can be hit is from 5 to 10 meters. The sheath can be used for cutting wires and stripping wires.

The non-shooting scout knife is used as a combat blade, including for throwing. In addition, the team recently acquired “Maple” knives, which are part of the survival kit. This military weapon, with a well-sharpened powerful blade. The sheath has a compass and can cut wire; they are adapted for sharpening a blade and have additional special blades - a saw and an awl.

In addition, the handle contains a survival capsule, which contains an antacid, needles, a pin, a device for extracting fragments, hooks, matches, fishing line - everything necessary to survive in difficult conditions until the paratrooper is found or he will not save itself.

Equipment

Equipment depends on the tasks assigned to the paratrooper. So, the main weapon of a flamethrower is light infantry flamethrower LPO with a whole range of different ammunition: from flash-noise to thermobaric, high-explosive fragmentation, smoke, aerosol. When there is no need to use a flamethrower, the warrior performs tasks as an infantryman - for this he has an AK-74M assault rifle.

There are two types of snipers in the 31st brigade. There is a special sniper unit in the reconnaissance battalion: military personnel undergo training courses and have personalized weapons. In the arsenal of such a sniper there are special knives, sniper rifle and rifles operating at different ranges (from a kilometer and above), a pistol, rangefinders, a weather station. As well as a camouflage complex, the type of which varies depending on the area.

Sniper, which operates in the combat line of parachute or air assault units, is armed with a folding stock, which is designed specifically for landing, with day and night optical sight; silent firing pistol.

Heavy has a PKP Pecheneg machine gun, which replaced the PKM machine guns, with a combined optical device that helps fire both day and night. This is a weapon for destroying both infantry and lightly armored vehicles. In a short period of time, a machine gunner can create a barrage of fire in a sector, stop the enemy, give the commander an opportunity to get his bearings, and regroup his comrades.

Submachine gunner- this is a “classic” paratrooper who has bladed weapons, an AK-74M assault rifle, and a 1P29 “Tulip” aiming device, which allows him to observe the battlefield during the day, set the aiming range when firing, and work in active mode at night. In his arsenal - underbarrel grenade launcher, binoculars.

In addition, all soldiers have tactical glasses, gloves, special pads on the knees and elbows, and a radio station that allows them to maintain constant contact with the squad leader.

Sappers brigades received new mine detectors to search for Korshun proximity mines (this device is capable of detecting explosive devices at a fairly large distance, behind walls made of concrete and brick, fences made of barbed wire and metal mesh, under asphalt, and so on). In addition, the brigade received modern compact mine detectors IMP2-S with settings for anti-personnel, anti-tank mines and any other item.

New lightweight but more durable demining suits can withstand explosions near an anti-personnel mine. A helmet with special glass can withstand a point-blank shot from a 9mm PM.

Military equipment

BMD-2 airborne combat vehicle

Tracked, floating, dropped from military transport aircraft by parachute-jet method fighting machine has a weight of 8.2 tons, a cruising range of up to 500 km, a speed of up to 63 km/h on land and up to 10 km/h on water (the BMD-2 can also swim backwards, but much slower - at a speed of 1.5 km/h). It has variable ground clearance, which makes it possible to parachute from aircraft, and also improves the vehicle's capabilities during camouflage on the ground.

The BMD-2 is armed with a 30mm 2A42 automatic cannon, which was designed to destroy manpower, lightly armored vehicles and low-flying aerial targets. A 7.62 mm machine gun is paired with it. In addition, to combat enemy armored targets, the BMD-2 has an anti-tank guided system.

The combat vehicle has a cover awning and a camouflage net (white in winter, green in summer) attached to the sides. Ulyanovsk paratroopers have modified the BMD: on both sides of each vehicle, traveling kits are attached. These are boxes containing a supply of the most necessary things that may be required by a department that is suddenly alerted. The NZ includes a set of firewood, a stove, a gas stove, a tent, candles, batteries, a supply of ropes, entrenching tools, shovels, and picks. All so that the paratroopers do not waste time getting ready, but jump on the car and go to complete the task.

Armored personnel carrier BTR-D

Unified vehicle of the airborne troops. In addition to the fact that it transports personnel, it can be used to transport any cargo and mount almost any weapon.

The Ulyanovsk brigade has at least three variants of the BTR-D. The first one has a machine-gun and grenade launcher compartment mounted on it. The paratroopers made their own changes here too: they came up with a mounting system for a heavy machine gun and an AGS mounted grenade launcher, consisting of cables. This allows soldiers on the move to fire from two guns at once at the same time.

The second option, which is in service with anti-tank units - the BTR-RD - has two 9P135M1 (or 9K111-1 “Konkurs”) launchers. When an armored personnel carrier is armed with a Konkurs, it is capable of destroying up to ten tanks. The ground-based “fighter” hits targets at a distance of up to four kilometers.

The third version - BTR-3D - has a ZU-23 anti-aircraft artillery mount. There is an option when the car carries a calculation with a portable anti-aircraft missile system 9K38 “Igla”, which is capable of firing at air targets flying at speeds up to 320 m/s, and also if the enemy uses false thermal interference.

The base of all tracked vehicles is unified (the only difference is that armored personnel carriers have one more roller). The spare parts that may be needed for repair or restoration are the same.

On the basis of the BTR-D, a reconnaissance and fire control point for the airborne artillery division (battery) 1B119 was also constructed. Its task is to communicate with the Nona-S self-propelled artillery gun and control fire, so that these two vehicles are usually on the battlefield together.

Self-propelled artillery piece"Nona-S"

The 120-mm self-propelled artillery gun 2S9-1M “Nona-S” is a unique artillery system even today, combining the properties of guns different types. Its purpose is direct fire support airborne units on the battlefield.

"Nona-S" is capable of hitting not only manpower and destroying enemy defensive fortifications, but also fighting tanks. Special high-explosive fragmentation artillery shells can shoot at a range of up to 8.8 km. Their effectiveness is similar to 152 mm howitzer shells. HEAT shells are also used to combat armored vehicles.

The vehicle reaches speeds of up to 60 km/h on land and up to 9 km/h afloat. It is equipped with a special system that makes independent calculations and provides data that must be entered for accurate shooting.

BTR-80

Among the three vehicles that entered the 31st brigade after the deployment of a reconnaissance battalion in it is the BTR-80, which in the near future will be replaced by a more modern one, adopted by the Russian army last year. The amphibious armored personnel carrier has an eight-wheel base and a range of up to 500 km. It is more mobile than the BMD - on the highway it reaches speeds of up to 80 km/h.

The main armament of the BTR-80 is a 14.5 mm easel heavy machine gun Vladimirova. The BTR-82A is equipped with a 30 mm automatic cannon, coaxial with a 7.62 mm machine gun.

Electronic warfare complex "Infauna"

Multifunctional complex electronic warfare RB-531B is designed to protect armored vehicles and personnel from damage by radio-controlled mine explosive devices and melee weapons. “Infauna” automatically carries out radio suppression of means of detonating radio-controlled mine devices within a radius of up to 150 meters. That is, the complex is capable of covering an entire company of armored vehicles.

In addition, “Infauna” has cameras with launchers that automatically record a shot from an anti-tank or hand-held grenade launcher and fire aerosol ammunition. Within two seconds they cover the paratroopers with a curtain.

The complex reaches speeds of up to 80 km/h. The big advantage is that it can operate both as part of an electronic warfare unit and engineering units. Infauna has a mode that allows you to accompany sappers conducting mine clearance. The car follows them and, in the immediate vicinity, conducts radio suppression.

Jamming complex "Leer-2"

The Leer-2 mobile automated complex for technical control of radio-electronic imitation and jamming of radio-electronic equipment was created on the basis of the GAZ-233114 (Tiger-M) armored vehicle. This is a high-tech machine that carries out comprehensive technical monitoring and assessment of the radio-electronic situation.

Since the founding of this type of troops, the uniform of the Airborne Forces was no different from the clothing of the Red Army Air Force or special purpose air battalions. The set of clothes for a USSR intelligence soldier included:

Leather or blue-gray canvas helmet.
Moleskin overalls (could be either leather or blue-gray canvas).
The collar of the overalls was equipped with blue buttonholes, where insignia were sewn.

Already in the forties, military uniforms for aerial reconnaissance was changed to avisent jackets with trousers. The pants had huge patch pockets. The winter clothes of the USSR paratroopers were insulated with sheepskin uniforms: a brown or dark blue fur collar, which was fastened with a zipper.

The military clothing of the forces was divided into 4 groups:

summer uniform for every day for sergeants and soldiers;
summer casual clothing for sergeants, airborne cadets, soldiers;
summer casual clothing of cadets, where buttonholes and shoulder straps indicated the branch of service;
winter clothes for sergeants, cadets, military builders, where buttonholes, shoulder straps and a badge on the sleeve are according to the branch of service.

In addition, the military uniform in the USSR had to take into account climatic features the area where the troops were located. For example, in the Finnish war, a soldier’s winter clothing was supplemented with:

hats with earflaps,
padded jackets,
cotton pants,
white camouflage robes and hoods.

Rest military clothing in the USSR, for example, for rifle units, it looked like a simple budenovka and boots. In addition to their canvas helmets, the paratroopers had large goggles for pilots. This attribute was issued due to the fact that they often had to parachute. If you take a close look at the photo or film materials of those times, you can see that even ceremonial clothing could consist of helmets and glasses, and a parachute jumpsuit.

The military uniform of a USSR officer had a cap with a chin strap for parachute jumping; ordinary Red Army soldiers hid their caps in their bosoms. There were no special shoes for jumping, so felt boots often fell off the feet when the parachute opened. Officer's shoes also presupposed the existence of fur boots.

The usual uniform of the Airborne Forces in Russia differed from other troops only in blue buttonholes; officers had gold trim around them. The piping on the buttonholes of political workers, sergeants or privates was black; this was considered a kind of office option. Officers were also distinguished by blue piping on the collar and the upper edge of the cuffs, and side stitched seams on the riding breeches. Caps with blue piping and red stars or dark blue caps with red enamel stars - all this was typical for the leadership of the Airborne Forces.

When existing Soviet Union The Ukrainian Airborne Forces were no different in their military uniforms from Russian troops, throughout the entire USSR there was only one template. After the collapse of the state, Ukraine had to “redraw” not only the meaning of the type of troops itself, but also the form of intelligence. Until recently, the airborne forces of these two countries could only be distinguished by different stripes depicting coats of arms different countries. Ukraine's uniform depicts a trident on a yellow-blue background.

Outdated samples of Airborne Forces uniforms

The winter uniform of an Airborne Forces officer used to be equipped with a dark blue double-breasted overcoat, then the color was changed to regular gray and ear flaps. The troops' field clothing did not differ from other units at the time of the war, so in winter everyone wore white camouflage overalls, and in summer the colors changed to camouflage.

The paratroopers were given special uniforms immediately before the landing; later the uniform was replaced with a regular one, one might say, office uniform, and the special forces clothing was confiscated. As soon as shoulder straps were introduced, the Airborne Forces began wearing aviation insignia. For privates and sergeants, blue shoulder straps with black edging were introduced, and the stripes were brick-red. The dress uniform has always been distinguished by a blue edging, and the caps have a blue band. The same form was characteristic of the Ukrainian Airborne Forces at the time of being part of the USSR and military operations on one side.

New form of airborne forces in Russia

Now let’s travel through 2014 together with Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu. Not long ago he visited a legendary motorized rifle brigade, known since Chechen war. In 2014, the soldiers of this unit were transferred to Ugra, and the new uniform acquired a new modern look, so now the military in such uniforms are not afraid of any frost. New clothes have been tested to extremely low temperature conditions piercing and cold wind.

Sergei Shoigu paid a visit to present awards, the action took place in an open area, and the military had to march in front of the highest leadership of Russia. At first, the form was delivered as an experimental one, but at the end of 2014 it was approved in 9 versions.

The new form for 2014 can be combined in different ways:

for cool weather it will be enough to wear a lined jacket,
for windy conditions it is recommended to wear a jacket under the jacket,
V rainy weather Airborne special forces can wear an underwear fleece shirt with a waterproof overall.

During the active training phase or the airborne assault march, the Airborne Forces wear their usual uniform. During theoretical classes, fighters wear lighter office attire.

The uniform of the Russian Airborne Forces in 2014 went through a number of changes: the ears on the earflap hat became longer, easily overlap at the back and are fastened with Velcro, this is quite important and comfortable for the chin. The hat has a top flap that can, if necessary, turn into a sun visor. Outerwear has also undergone many changes, for example, a jacket can be disassembled into several elements. It has become a kind of construction set that can be transformed from an ordinary windbreaker to a warm pea coat.

The entire 2014 field uniform consists of 16 pieces that easily fit into a backpack. Depending on the time of year, the backpack can be light or heavy. In the new field footwear, felt boots were replaced by warm boots with inserts. A winter paratrooper vest has also been added, which does not restrict movement. A warm scarf and a comfortable balaclava were added to the whole set. Reconnaissance overalls are made of waterproof material.

Demobilization and parade uniform of the Airborne Forces

The uniform in which a paratrooper goes on demobilization is the dress uniform. It is quite different from the usual field clothing and, in general, from all other clothing of other troops. The reconnaissance of the Airborne Forces, which has already completed its military service, can be seen from afar; one can really be proud of this form. It is considered the most beautiful and fashionable among other military uniforms.

If you have any questions, leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them

Clothing and equipment of airborne groups must meet basic requirements; it must not only be comfortable, but also ensure the accomplishment of assigned combat missions.

First of all, the equipment should:

do not hinder movement;
ensure life activities;
meet all reliability parameters.

The equipment of a paratrooper depends on the tasks facing him. The airborne troops are staffed with fighters of various types. Mostly, flamethrowers, snipers, machine gunners, machine gunners and sappers serve in airborne units. Depending on their military specialty, each soldier has his own combat equipment.

In addition to the basic attributes of a paratrooper, a flamethrower's mandatory equipment set includes a light flamethrower. A machine gunner cannot do without a weapon capable of providing a barrage of fire and stopping the enemy. Sappers are equipped with new mine detectors that can detect shells even behind a concrete wall.

Backpack

A mandatory attribute of an Airborne Forces fighter is his equipment. The paratrooper's backpack RD-54 was specially designed for troops Army Airborne Forces THE USSR. Widely used during Afghan war in 1979-89. This backpack was successfully used during the war in Chechnya and Ossetia, but even now it can be found among the troops.

There are many varieties of such backpacks, but the most common of them are:

Soviet canvas;
Russian membrane ones in flora colors;
Russian in number colors.

The backpack is a multifunctional system with three compartments for various items. The RD-54 paratrooper's backpack is put on the shoulders in the same way as a regular tourist backpack. There is a carabiner clasp on the chest. The kit includes three additional compartments that are attached separately to the belt. One compartment is intended for a sapper shovel.

In the shoulder area there is a compartment for a knife, and on the opposite side there is space for two grenades. WITH right side There is a pouch for two magazines of a Kalashnikov assault rifle.

The main compartment of the backpack closes with two buttons. Inside the backpack you can fit army rations and necessary things. On the sides there are compartments that close with buttons, where you can place a bottle or a combat smoke bomb.

There is another type of paratrooper backpack RD-98. It is significantly larger than its predecessor, but is not designed for parachute jumps. But in some situations this is not required. It has space to store grenades and all the necessary ammunition.

Stowing the RD-54 backpack

Various equipment and equipment can be stowed in the RD (paratrooper's backpack). Let's look at the most common type of installation.

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We pack a bag with a gas mask. To do this, you need to unfasten the backpack and put the bag with the gas mask inside.
The bag contains 4 Kalashnikov assault rifle magazines.
Smoke bombs are placed in the side compartments.
The left side compartment can accommodate a cape.
Finally, the backpack should be laced and zipped.
We place 2 magazines for the machine gun in the pouch.
Grenades are placed in a separate grenade pouch. Before landing, the grenades and fuse are placed in different compartments in it.
A sapper shovel is placed in a special pouch. It is turned with the concave side towards the body and placed in a special compartment for it.

In order to collect all the necessary pouches, use a belt. First, a bayonet-knife in a holster is threaded into it, and then all the parts of the RD-54 system are placed one by one. Each pouch has loops so that it can be easily attached to a belt.

An interesting feature of this backpack is the ability to throw it over your head and get the necessary item. To do this, you need to unfasten the side carabiners and throw it over your head. Take out the necessary items and, without unfastening, return it to its previous position.

Equipment required for landing

Such a combat maneuver as the landing of airborne units serves to suddenly land behind enemy lines and begin fighting. The outcome of the military operation will depend on how quickly and smoothly this action is carried out. Suitable equipment for a paratrooper plays an important role in this.

When landing personnel, each paratrooper is required to have a certain list of mandatory equipment. It includes the following items:

The main and reserve parachute system assigned to the soldier. If necessary, an insurance device is provided. This is not required when landing from low altitudes.
In winter conditions, overalls are required and warm jacket. The shape should be well adjusted so that there is no restriction of movement. In the arms of mandatory gloves or three-fingered mittens.
In addition to a hat, your head must be wearing a hard helmet and goggles.
Your feet should have shoes that fit well to your feet. IN winter time Felt boots or high boots are allowed.
A sling knife must be attached to the backpack. This item is vital for every skydiver.
When landing on water, the use of life-saving equipment is provided. Each individual case requires its own equipment.
When jumping from a height of more than 4000 meters, each skydiver must be equipped with oxygen equipment.

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The parachute comes with a special bag into which it is folded after landing. This must be done quickly, especially in combat conditions.
Depending on the completion of certain combat missions, all necessary equipment parachuted together with a paratrooper, it could be:

personal protective equipment;
personal communications;
weapons and ammunition;
food;
shooting kit;
special equipment depending on the combat specialty.

New uniforms and uniforms for airborne troops

With introduction new form in the ranks of the Russian Armed Forces, changes also affected the Airborne Forces. Only the paratrooper's blue beret remained unchanged. The entire paratrooper's field uniform easily fits into a backpack and consists of 16 items. The winter kit includes a special paratrooper vest. The airborne shoulder straps on the field uniform are made of fabric and are put on the uniform in the shoulder area.

Modern airborne units are equipped in accordance with new developments of the Ministry of Defense. For landing, such modern parachute systems as Arbalet-2 and D-10 are now used. These types parachute systems more secure and manageable than previous systems.

In addition to the paratrooper's backpack, the mandatory equipment usually includes an AK-74M assault rifle. For snipers and machine gunners, appropriate types of small and automatic weapons are used. Sappers are equipped with advanced mine detectors that can detect mines at long ranges.

In 2014, a new, sophisticated “Ratnik” paratrooper combat suit was put into service, which is used in some airborne formations. It is a modular system of 40 components that can be changed depending on the combat situation.

This equipment was tested during military operations in Syria, and proved to be effective best side. The “Ratnik” equipment is characterized by increased wear resistance and is made of special type fabric that can withstand increased loads. The fiber from which the fabric is made can easily withstand high temperature and is difficult to burn.

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