Waste recycling is the most promising business

A very favorable activity for investment is the waste recycling business. Firstly, there are relatively few waste processing companies, while there is enough raw material for everyone - about 250 kg of household waste per person per year. Secondly, the entrepreneur can organize a reception various types garbage. The high profitability of production turns waste recycling into a very profitable business: so from 1 kg plastic waste you can get up to 0.8 kg of recycled materials. Today, the classical approach to waste disposal (into a container - to a landfill - reclamation) is becoming ineffective and also potentially dangerous - toxic waste pose a certain threat to the environment and human health. Government and the city administration have a favorable attitude toward waste recycling enterprises. And, therefore, the waste recycling business will soon become very popular.

Organization of mini-production for waste processing

The first thing an entrepreneur will have to deal with is organizing the supply of raw materials. It is recommended to start by accepting different types of waste in your area. For these purposes, you will need a truck with compartments where the raw materials will be stored. The main difficulty lies not in collecting, but in sorting waste. You'll need some start-up capital because people won't sort their trash for free. This means you need to set a certain price for bottles or waste paper. Plastic packaging is one of the most difficult wastes to recycle.

According to experts, profitability is good organized business waste recycling can be up to 80%. Consequently, your enterprise will fully pay for itself within a few months. Deep recycling of waste can bring maximum profit. It has been established that the greater the turnover of an enterprise, the longer it takes to pay for itself.

You should decide in advance what types of municipal solid waste (MSW) you will work with, since organizing a universal enterprise for processing solid waste will require very significant material costs.

We draw up a business plan: we calculate costs

The construction of a huge universal complex for processing all types of solid waste (wood, rubber, plastic, metal, paper and glass) will cost, according to experts, a huge amount - over $20 million. But even a more modest enterprise can generate significant income. Setting up a workshop specializing in one type of solid waste will cost from 50 to 300 thousand dollars.

It will take about 2-3 thousand dollars to equip warehouse and production facilities, as well as bring them into full compliance with fire and sanitary standards. If production is located close to residential buildings, it will be possible to save on the removal of raw materials. In this case, garbage and waste for your enterprise will be supplied by local residents.

The cost of a crusher, sorting line and other equipment of domestic production can be approximately estimated at 50 - 70 thousand dollars. Waste paper is purchased for 30 - 50 kopecks, depending on the quality of the paper, and sorted plastic raw materials from 1.5 to 7 rubles. per kilogram.
In total, the minimum investment amount will be: $50 thousand + purchase of raw materials and wages of hired workers and payment of rent for premises and electricity.

Certificates and other necessary documentation

To engage in the processing of solid waste legally, you will need to obtain a license from the Ministry of Ecology. The Law "On Ecological Expertise" requires any entity that collects and recycles waste to undergo an environmental review. The conclusion is issued for the entire period of the company's activity, its cost is about 5.5 thousand rubles.

The entrepreneur must also obtain permission from the fire fighting and sanitary services, prepare project documentation with detailed description technological processes of the future waste recycling enterprise. Each conclusion will cost from 300 to 1000 rubles, it usually takes from 3 months to six months to collect all the documentation. During the operation of your enterprise, its activities will be checked quarterly by local orderlies, firefighters, nature conservationists and other government agencies.

Production facilities and necessary equipment

The best option for organizing a waste processing enterprise is a premises located near a landfill, on the outskirts of the city, or, in extreme cases, in an industrial zone. It is advisable that the nearest residential building be located no further than 600 meters from the enterprise. You can organize your own fleet of vehicles to supply raw materials from the landfill or negotiate with city municipal waste removal companies or companies specializing in cargo transportation.

A small room with an area of ​​no more than 100 sq.m. can be equipped as a warehouse. To set up a workshop, you will need a room with an area of ​​300 - 500 sq.m.

The minimum set of equipment for an enterprise includes: a crusher, a sorting line, a press, a storage hopper, and a magnet. A set of used imported cars or domestic analogues costs from 50 to 70 thousand dollars. Experienced entrepreneurs believe that there is no need to spend money on expensive foreign machines, since domestic units are more reliable, cheaper and more stable in operation. In addition, it is easier to select the components necessary for repairs.

Personnel for waste processing plants

Personnel should be hired depending on the scale of production. A medium-sized waste recycling plant employs about 40 people, sorting, shredding and rejecting waste by about fifteen people per shift. All work is done manually. The enterprise needs both ordinary workers and experienced specialists who are able to distinguish unsuitable raw materials from suitable ones by eye, train newcomers and control the quality of their work.

Sales of finished products

Depending on the raw materials your company works with, its products will be sold.

Toxic waste (mercury lamps, etc.) is processed by burning. From them industrial and Construction Materials;
- plant waste is processed into compost, intended for soil fertilization, landscaping and growing flowers;
- various electronic waste (kinescopes, electrical appliances) serve as a source of metals - iron, copper, aluminum, as well as glass;
- paper is processed and sold as a recycled material for the formation of new varieties.
The cost of one ton of processed and compressed recyclables is calculated as follows:
- polymers up to 9,000 rubles;
- waste paper – up to 1,500 rubles;
- aluminum cans– up to 15,000 rubles.

Consumers of waste disposal company services and products are:

1. Municipal authorities. Their main task is to eliminate the city landfill and environmentally friendly recycling of waste.

2. Pulp, woodworking, glass and other enterprises are interested in recycling their waste. Enterprises cannot afford to store waste on their own territory, and the state imposes significant fines for unauthorized disposal. You can offer business owners waste removal for less than their current disposal costs.

3. Consumers of recycled leather waste, polymer waste, construction waste , rubber products will purchase recyclable materials for industrial and individual purposes from you.

Organizing a waste recycling business is a profitable business, but it requires certain financial investments. Provided there is a well-established sale of recyclable materials or agreements on the removal of waste from various enterprises, the payback period for the business will be from 10 months to 1.5 - 2 years. If an entrepreneur fails to establish distribution channels, the company will incur significant losses. According to expert observations, the profitability of a successful enterprise ranges from 40 to 82%, since there is practically no competition in this segment.

Garbage has always appeared environmental problem for all humanity. Today, the issue of garbage is being discussed at all levels: federal, regional, and so on. However, so far this is just talk and has not led to concrete action on the issue of waste recycling.

According to research, today waste disposal requires at least one. Only in this case can you significantly influence the environment environment.

In some countries around the world there are penalties for littering. real war. Everyone wants to dominate their landfill because they firmly believe that this will bring them stability for life.

The problem of waste recycling and the creation of a special plant as a relevant business idea today

Today it is believed that waste recycling is a very profitable and profitable business.

Until recently, this area of ​​business was not like, for example, processing of wood or other raw materials. But now the situation has changed dramatically.

Throughout the Russian Federation there are now a huge number of landfills that require certain actions, and thus will allow waste to be disposed of. According to statistics, about 96% of all household waste is disposed of in landfills. Moreover, according to estimates, about 60-70% of this is of some value and can be reused after recycling.

First of all, to process waste, you need at least a specialized mini-plant that will perform this function. Today there are very few such factories, which allows you to seriously think about this type of business.

Lack of high competition, as well as the fact that people will never stop throwing out garbage, says only one thing - this business will remain relevant for a very long time.

The relevance of opening this business is discussed in the following video:

Opening options

Every novice entrepreneur who is thinking about creating his own waste recycling plant thinks about exactly what form to implement.

Exists several varieties waste treatment plants, namely:

Here, as they say, the choice remains with the entrepreneur himself, but it is necessary to take into account his start-up capital. If, for example, a stationary plant will cost millions, then a mini plant will cost no more than $30,000.

Most entrepreneurs recommend initially betting on a mini-factory, since the start-up capital required is not so much, and at the same time it is quick. Moreover, there is no need to hire large quantity staff, while productivity is high.

Start entrepreneurial activity It is from a mini-factory that you can understand the whole process from the inside, and after receiving tangible profits, you can think about whether it’s worth expanding or not.

If you have not yet registered an organization, then easiest way do this using online services, which will help you generate all the necessary documents for free: If you already have an organization, and you are thinking about how to simplify and automate accounting and reporting, then the following online services will come to the rescue, which will completely replace an accountant in your company and save a lot money and time. All reporting is generated automatically, signed electronically and sent automatically online. It is ideal for individual entrepreneurs or LLCs on the simplified tax system, UTII, PSN, TS, OSNO.
Everything happens in a few clicks, without queues and stress. Try it and you will be surprised how easy it has become!

Review of mini-factories and their cost

Without any doubt, any manufacturing country sets its own prices for such mini-factories.

So, for comparison, China offers to purchase their mini-factory at a cost of no more than $16,000. At the same time, it includes all the necessary functions that allow you to perform any assigned tasks.

As for the Ukrainian manufacturer, the cost of their mini-plant starts at $60,000. Agree, this is quite an impressive amount, which can completely discourage you at the initial stage of forming your entrepreneurial activity.

If we take into account the domestic manufacturer, then in this regard the price can vary from 10 to 20 thousand dollars. It largely depends on the configuration of the equipment.

It is worth noting that the domestic manufacturer is distinguished by its reliability and quality, and the important fact is that in a short time you can always purchase any part that may fail.

Which manufacturer to pay attention to is the exclusive desire of the client himself, who focuses directly on his starting capital. But don’t forget that the costs will quickly pay off.

Description of the processing process

Modern mini-factories are equipped with sections in each of which waste is separated, sorted and crushed.

In addition, there are areas where heat and energy are obtained, including waste compaction.

The basis of such a mini-plant is a mechanized complex, thanks to which waste is sorted. High-temperature processing is carried out using pyrolysis equipment. During the afterburning of pyrolysis gases, the temperature can reach about 1100º C.

It is worth noting that the exhaust flue gases have a fairly impressive level of purification.

The presence of a pyrolysis unit as part of a mini-plant practically guarantees non-waste production. And this, accordingly, entails significant profits.

Main advantage The creation of a mini-factory is considered to be:

• absence of unpleasant odors;
• absence of insects and other various rodents.
• simplicity and speed of installation;
• low cost.

The technological process of processing is presented in the following video:

Business registration rules

Before starting to carry out business activities in this area, it is necessary to obtain a package of permits.

To do this, you need to contact the Ministry of Environment, which issues such a certificate.

Initially, a newly created company must undergo a compliance examination, after which a conclusion is issued. Such a conclusion is issued for an indefinite period. It is worth considering that its cost will cost approximately 5 thousand rubles.

In addition to this document, necessary:

• obtain permission from the sanitary and epidemiological station (SES);
• a project that describes all the nuances of the technological process.

But, despite all the documents that are necessary to legalize this business, it is necessary initially, which can describe all the intricacies of doing business.

In addition, you need to pay attention to sales, which is a key factor.

Drawing up a business plan

Anyone who is trying to start a business in this area must have a business plan, thanks to which it is possible to predict many problems that await at the initial stages, including calculating a number of actions that will help in the event of possible insolvency.

Descriptive part

It has long been no secret that a mini waste processing plant is an excellent investment that will provide stable profits for many years. This area of ​​activity is very popular all over the world, since many companies are ready to purchase for themselves both a certain type of waste and a complete set in any quantity.

Production part

Equipment which is necessary to implement its labor activity includes:

1. production line for sorting raw materials;
2. crushing plant;
3. bunker for collecting raw materials (capacity for storing processed material);
4. special press.

Most beginning entrepreneurs give their preference to imported equipment, however, this is a big mistake. The fact is that the domestic manufacturer, firstly, is of higher quality, and secondly, significantly cheaper.

For this reason, many people need a fairly impressive start-up capital, and this consequently leads to the fact that many simply abandon their idea at the initial stage.

In addition, it is also worth considering the need for a truck, which will be used to deliver raw materials, as well as sell finished products.

It will cost approximately $80,000 to meet this need. If the entrepreneur has additional capital, it is advisable to purchase a melting furnace.

Marketing part

The marketing part of a business plan is rightfully considered key. Thanks to a competent approach to competitiveness analysis, you can solve many problems at once and leave your competitors behind.

Even though there are few competitors in this area, not paying attention to them is a grave mistake.

According to statistics, many similar factories are created every year in the Russian Federation, whose plans are to make a profit from this area of ​​​​activity. It is necessary to analyze this market in detail and finally decide in which direction to move in the future.

This is primarily due to the fact that there are a huge number of types of waste, and it is impractical to tackle everything at once.

Today this direction is considered one of the most promising and quickly pays off.

However, this is not an obligation at all, but rather a recommendation, because each region has its own competitors from which it is necessary to build on.

Financial part

To open your own mini-factory, it is enough to have start-up capital in the amount of $80,000.

First of all, these funds will be spent on implementing priority tasks, namely:

• registration of all permits (licenses, permits, etc.);
• renting premises (the place where the equipment will be installed);
• acquisition of necessary equipment;
• purchase of the first batch of raw materials;
• employees (the annual salary of each employee is taken into account).

Little money will be spent on the organization itself associated with waste removal. This is due to the fact that the garbage itself costs about 1 million rubles. The greatest difficulties arise at the moment when it is necessary to find sales channels.

In the process of doing business, you need to understand that profit company depends on many factors, in particular:

• waste processing methods;
• production volume.

In order to significantly increase the profit received, it is enough to organize a collection point for secondary (processed) raw materials.

This method will allow you to maintain production profitability at a level of at least 50%, and thereby obtain tangible benefits.

Possible problems

Each type of business activity entails the risk of non-receipt of profit. To avoid this in every possible way, it is enough to competently draw up a business plan.

First of all, it is necessary to take into account literally every detail.

First of all, any problems begin with minor shortcomings, which, as a rule, leads the company to the bottom.

It is necessary to study the information on waste recycling as best as possible in order to be aware of the entire technological process and, if necessary, quickly solve any problem.

Once the business has started operating, it is necessary to sign an agreement for the supply of raw materials with several suppliers at once, since in this case the risk of a shortage of material is minimized. Ultimately, this will allow the mini-plant to supply finished products without delay and in full.

It is also worth considering that you should not overestimate the starting capital, and you should expand only as a last resort. Inappropriate investment of personal capital can play a cruel joke and affect the company’s activities.

An overview of domestic waste processing equipment is presented in this video:

In this material:

Waste recycling as a business is an extremely promising activity for investment. This socially significant activity has a positive impact on the environment.

It was not profitable enough 2-3 years ago. Recycling of recyclable materials and disposal of waste to landfills provided great profits. Much has changed since then. Today, household waste is at least 60% recyclable.

Business idea concept

The average person throws out up to 250 kg of garbage per year. The problem of waste disposal and reuse has become urgent.

Many components of waste can be recycled, but up to 96% of waste is sent to landfill.

Advantages of waste recycling business:

1. Since the waste recycling industry is practically not financed, local authorities, as a rule, treat the garbage disposal business very favorably. The city administration provides financial support, helps to find industrial premises.
2. Enterprises that recycle waste are always in demand. Recycling and recycling of waste allows you to save primary raw materials. New companies in this segment are created every year.
3. You can use a sorting complex. This is inexpensive equipment created by domestic manufacturers. Its use will reduce costs.
4. High economic efficiency. According to professionals, the profitability of the garbage disposal and disposal business can be up to 80%.
5. Garbage is a valuable raw material. The waste recycling business is profitable because there is very little competition in this segment.

Starting a business from scratch

Everything useful should be extracted from garbage whenever possible. For this it is important to create appropriate conditions.

Legal registration:

1. It takes several months to prepare documents for carrying out commercial activities. Obtaining a license from the Department of Rosprirodnadzor is a mandatory condition.
2. To issue a permit, an environmental audit is carried out by the local Department of Environmental Management. A project with a detailed description of the technological process must be submitted to the water and municipal authorities, Rospotrebnadzor, and the fire inspectorate.
3. A sanitary zone of 500 m must be created around the waste treatment plant, as established by the requirements of the regulatory authorities. Based on the results of this work, a conclusion is drawn. At least 2 thousand dollars must be invested in order production room complied with industrial sanitation and fire safety requirements.

Financial component of entrepreneurial activity

It is important to find ways to attract investment to start a waste recycling business.

Starting capital required:

1. Initially, only the initial stages of processing recyclable materials can be launched. The company can collect and sort waste and create semi-finished products. The organization of a universal waste disposal enterprise requires significant material costs, so the entrepreneur should decide in advance what types of secondary raw materials he will work with.
2. Residents are not inclined to sort the garbage they throw away for free. It is necessary to set a certain price for waste paper or bottles.
3. How to choose a location for a waste recycling business? A production area, landfills, and sources of waste are an ideal solution to create a company that processes recyclable materials.
4. Deep recycling of waste can bring maximum profit. According to experts, over $20 million is needed to build a large universal complex that will process any type of solid waste: glass, paper, plastic, rubber, wood.
5. If an entrepreneur does not have this opportunity, you can start recycling one type of waste. From 50 to 300 thousand dollars will be required to create a specialized production facility for the recycling of one type of secondary raw material. Such a modest enterprise can generate significant income. The waste recycling business has a large share of utility costs. They make up about 20%.

Garbage recycling

Construction waste contains concrete, wood, brick and metal parts. Extracting metal particles is the purpose of recycling. Vacuum forming of polymer thermoplastic waste is a relatively inexpensive method. Crumb rubber is obtained from car tires, from waste paper - toilet paper, from polymers - pressed blocks, chipboard - from sawdust. Only 25% of valuable recyclables can be obtained from unseparated waste, so it is necessary to use modern waste sorting lines. Installations for sorting recyclable materials can be automated or manual. Plastic and paper are the best to use.

• food waste — 25%;
• cardboard and paper - 10%;
• polymers - about 50%;
• textiles, rubber, metal, etc. -15%.

Plastic packaging is the most difficult waste to recycle. Obtaining recycled crushed stone by recycling recyclable materials is very profitable.

Production goes through the following stages:

• large parts are processed using a press;
• then using a crusher they are crushed;
• metal is selected with a powerful magnet;
• Particles are sorted using a special storage device.

Organization of production and supply of raw materials

For production, a premises of about 600 m² is required. The warehouse must be at least 100 m². It will be possible to significantly save on the removal of raw materials if the recycling facility is located near residential buildings.

The area where a lot of old buildings are being demolished is suitable for recycling construction waste. To transport raw materials, you need to purchase a truck with compartments. Disposing of recyclable materials is a labor-intensive process.

About $300 must be paid monthly qualified workers. Up to 40 workers can be involved in such production.

The expensive process of creating a company for processing recyclable materials gives real income in the future if you approach this problem correctly.

The income of a waste processing enterprise depends on the scale of activity. You can recoup the initial investment in 1 year. Then the scope of your activity can be expanded.

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Recycling of municipal solid waste in last years is becoming an increasingly promising business. Just two or three years ago, this business was less profitable than taking waste to landfills or recycling recyclables, but a lot has changed since then.

Waste recycling in Russia: prospects

For nature and society, the problem of waste recycling is very acute. Russia has accumulated 3 billion tons of waste that requires disposal. This amount increases every year by 60 million tons. Approximately 96% of MSW (municipal solid waste) is still sent to landfills. Of this amount, at least 60% can and should be recycled for the reason that these are valuable recyclable materials: glass, paper, cardboard, metal, polymers, etc. Here is some data for Moscow: last year, out of 3 million tons of solid waste, only 1% was recycled.

But the situation was the same five and ten years ago. What makes waste recycling a promising type of small business right now?

• Inexpensive domestic equipment of low and medium productivity has appeared on the market. Sorting complex
• More and more small industries for processing recyclable materials are appearing. This expands the sales market.
• and last: Ministry natural resources has long been planning a ban on burning recyclable waste. When such a ban is introduced, sorting will become even more profitable and have no alternative.

In your particular region, the situation may have its own nuances that require elaboration. But we can absolutely say that in any city in the country a small solid waste processing line will pay for itself in about a year and a half.

Garbage collection: problems and ideas

What's in the average trash can? Half of its contents are polymers: polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene. Another quarter is food waste. Up to 10% - paper and cardboard. The remaining 15 - 20% is rubber, metal, textiles, etc. As you can see, at least 60% household waste may be sent for recycling. But this is in theory. On practice separate collection Solid waste, generally accepted in many European countries, Japan, is a distant matter for us. And from unseparated waste, using modern recycling lines, only 25% of recyclables can be recovered. Although some cities are installing containers for sorting waste, such initiatives have not yet brought real benefits. Therefore, businessmen involved in the disposal of solid waste have to provide themselves with raw materials themselves, by sorting them in special installations.

Where the best place for such a business? Of course, close to the source of waste, that is, a landfill. It could also be an industrial zone near the city. You can buy special mobile processing plants and move production from one meta to another. This is relevant, for example, for the disposal of construction waste.

Sorting installations can be either manual or automated. Their cost ranges from hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars.

Waste recycling business plan

Let's illustrate the idea with an indicative business plan. It’s good if there is an opportunity to attract investments in the amount of $20 million. That’s how much a full-cycle solid waste processing plant is valued at. But if this is not possible, then start recycling one of the types of waste.

Equipment: Exactly what you need depends on the type of raw material you choose to process. But you almost certainly will not do without: a sorting line, a crusher, a magnet, a storage unit and a press. A melting furnace would also be useful. Let's assume that the cost of the equipment is $60,000.

Premises: 100 sq. m required. for warehouses and not less than 600 sq. m. for production. To ensure that the premises meet sanitary and fire safety requirements, be prepared to invest another $2,000 - $3,000.

Staff: Recycling waste is a labor-intensive process. Your production may employ up to 40 workers. Salary – $300 per month.

Practice shows that utility costs in such production will be 20%.

Receiving from 400 to 1400 dollars per ton of processed raw materials, minus all expenses, it is possible to have a net profit of 10 thousand. dollars. In this case, your business will show a 50% profitability and will pay off within a month.

Permits

The main document required to open a waste sorting business is a license, which is issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources. To do this, your line must undergo an environmental assessment. It is carried out by the local (city or regional) environmental management department. Based on the results of the examination, a conclusion is issued (positive or negative). The conclusion is issued once for the entire period of operation of the enterprise.

To obtain a license, you will need to obtain permission in advance from the fire inspection and SES, utilities and water services, and provide a project with a detailed description of the technical process. Preparation of a package of documents can take up to six months.

Every year you need to obtain permission from the ministry to store solid waste on the territory.

There are usually no problems with permission to open a business from local authorities. Such enterprises are welcome.

Tire recycling

Tires can be disposed of in one of three ways:

• crushing into crumbs. This is the most common and simplest method. Crushed rubber is used as a filler for soft street surfaces, for example, for children's and sports fields. Tires are also crushed for easy transportation for subsequent pyrolysis.
• burning. The method is unacceptable from an environmental point of view and is not suitable for small businesses, but is still used, for example, in heating plants.
• pyrolysis. This is the most promising method and an excellent topic for a medium or small enterprise. Pyrolysis (depolymerization) is a method of decomposing rubber into:

1. carbon black;
2. gas similar to natural
3. metal cord, raw materials for metallurgy
4. synthetic oil.

All pyrolysis products are in demand raw materials, and with proper sales organization, the tire recycling business can show very high profitability.

Recycling construction waste

Construction waste must first be sorted. It may contain concrete, brick, wood, metal. The task of recycling concrete comes down to crushing it with the parallel extraction of metal particles from it. The process takes place in several stages:

1. Grinding large parts, for example using a hydraulic hammer.
2. Splitting up
3. Metal extraction
4. Sorting particles by size on a screen.

The result of such disposal will be secondary crushed stone.

Disposal of construction waste also has great importance from an environmental point of view. The pace of construction in our country is constantly increasing, old houses are being demolished. And transporting the resulting construction waste to landfills becomes unacceptably expensive and there is simply nowhere to go. But it can be reused on site! For this purpose, crushing and screening complexes are used. Recycled crushed stone is useful, for example, for backfilling an old pit. It can also be used simply for construction. The cost of concrete is reduced by 25%.

In world practice, it has long been the practice not to demolish, but to dismantle buildings with simultaneous sorting of construction waste. Up to 80% of construction waste can be used.

Glass recycling and cullet recycling

Non-standard and broken bottles that should go to landfill, as well as glass production waste, can also be recycled at a good profit for yourself and organize a glass recycling business.

You can take cullet from its production (there is always breakage and defects), at your own specially organized collection point, or receive it from your own waste sorting line, which was mentioned above. Manufacturers are willing to buy recycled glass waste because its remelting requires a lower temperature than glass production. At the same time, a significant amount of energy is saved and the furnaces operate in a gentle mode. How to prepare broken glass for recycling? It needs to be cleaned, crushed using special installation. Modern installations To process glass, the crushed mass is melted and filtered. The price of glass processing equipment starts from 100 thousand rubles.

The resulting raw materials are used not only in the production of glass products, but also in many industries: abrasives, ceramic products, insulation, tiles and bricks.

Paper recycling business

Currently, 50% of used paper and cardboard in the world is recycled. With paper the situation is somewhat different. It can withstand no more than 3 to 5 processing cycles. After this, irreversible deformations of the fibers lead to the fact that the bonds between them are destroyed. But, despite this, the number of waste paper processing industries is constantly growing, and this waste paper recycling business market is still far from being filled.

It is considered appropriate to sort paper into 12 grades according to whiteness, density, wood species and others. The composition of recyclable materials determines how it will be used in the future.

A simple (so-called wet) waste paper recycling technology consists of:

• dissolving paper in water. A pulper is used.
• removing all foreign objects from it. A cyclone cleaner is used
• in the case of cardboard recycling – thermomechanical processing
• fine purification of the mixture. Filtration through a sieve.

Recycled paper is used in the production of packaging cardboard and toilet paper in 75% of cases. The rest is used in the production of roofing materials.

Plastic recycling as a business

Although in household waste There are many types of plastics, the most promising in terms of organizing processing is considered to be PET containers, that is, plastic bottles. They are the raw material for the production of so-called flex. This recycled product subsequently turns not only into the same plastic bottles, but also into paving slabs, film, synthetic bristles and much more.

Brief plastic recycling technology:

1. Preliminary stage: sorting by color, removing stickers, dirt and foreign objects, pressing raw materials.
2. On line: grinding, processing in a steam boiler, where residual impurities are removed, rinsing and polishing.

Where to get raw materials? There is plenty of it in landfills. Thus, the best supplier of raw materials for flex is a waste sorting line. You can purchase a mobile unit and organize processing directly at landfills, where you will have hundreds of tons of raw materials at your fingertips.

What is the price of plastic processing equipment?

A production line with a capacity of 1.5 tons of flex per hour will cost 160 thousand dollars and will pay for itself in a maximum of a year and a half.

Arseniy Sheromanov has owned a waste disposal company for five years. What is needed to create a business? How to earn your first money? Where can I get the initial capital? What qualities are the most important for a businessman? How to get to the first position in the market? A businessman with extensive experience will answer this and much more.

Main points of the interview:

• Start date of activity- year 2012;
• Main activity- recycling;
• Initial Investment- 4 million rubles;
• What did you do before starting business?- restaurant director;
• First serious earnings as a businessman- 130,000 rub.;
• Company development plans- become a leader in this industry;
• What qualities are the most important for a businessman?- openness, modesty, sense of humor.

How did the waste disposal business begin and how did it develop?

I was born into a family of scientists. My father was a physicist, and my mother worked in medicine. As you understand, I had two options for what to do with my life. After school I went to study at medical academy, but in the second year he was expelled for poor academic performance.

At that time I was twenty years old, I was drafted into the army. After two years of service, I went to work as a waiter. Over eight years of working in the restaurant business, I grew in my position from waiter to director. But there wasn’t enough money, so I decided to dramatically change my life.

At that time, most of my friends went into business. I felt envious and uncomfortable. I thought: why am I worse? The matter remained “small”. It was necessary to choose a niche. There were several options:

• sale of goods;

I discarded the first option because I was very tired of this area. “Salesmen” always irritated me, so I couldn’t go against myself. The field of waste disposal and recycling seemed tempting and interesting, so I settled on it.

To carry out activities, it was necessary to register a legal entity and obtain numerous permits. It took a lot of effort and time to receive the papers - six months.

The waste disposal industry requires large initial capital. The initial investment amounted to four million rubles. I borrowed part of the amount from the bank, which I did not regret. It seems to me that the loan is the best option to find money.

For the above amount, I purchased two lines of equipment, which allowed me to start working in two directions:

1. Recycling.
2. Garbage sorting.

If we talk about the premises, there were no problems with it. From his late father he inherited an area in an industrial zone, which was used as a warehouse. The area was so large that I only used half of it and rented out the rest. This allowed me not to think about repaying the loan.

The waste management business is not automated. At first, forty workers worked at my enterprise. I saved a lot on their labor, since all the workers were from Central Asia.

As for special vehicles, at first I rented garbage trucks, and also had several drivers on staff. Now everything has changed, we are cooperating with a company specializing in waste transportation. We're losing a lot of money, but we've saved ourselves a lot of problems.

Do you remember your first serious income not as an employee, but as an entrepreneur?

Of course, this is impossible to forget. The company started making money from the first month, I didn’t see any money for the first six months. They went to pay workers, buy equipment, and pay off debt to the bank.

After six or seven months, I saw the first money - 130,000 rubles, for which I flew to Dubai with my wife.

What helped during periods of crisis, when everything collapsed and businesses closed?

My business is not subject to crisis, since the enterprise is supported by the state. We were not affected by the crisis of 2008 and 2012. This does not mean that there were no difficult periods.

Two years after the start of activity, an inspection came in from the migration service of the Russian Federation. As I said earlier, I saved a lot on workers’ labor, which I later regretted. Forty people were immigrants from Tajikistan; of course, they did not have any documents.

I lost a huge amount of money. After this incident, only citizens of the Russian Federation work at my enterprise.

During this period, the support of loved ones, my ingenuity and professional competence.

Why don’t you go to the capital, any Russian metropolis, or abroad? What's going on in the provinces?

Samara is a metropolis, more than a million people live here. I have repeatedly thought about moving to the capital. You have to understand, my business is not typical. We have not captured the entire market of the Samara region; we have many competitors here.

As you understand, there are even more competitors in Moscow. To cover a metropolis, colossal cash, which do not exist now. I think you should first capture the market in one city, and then look at the second, third.

If we talk about abroad, this is impossible. It is unrealistic to organize such a business abroad. Abroad, of course, attracts me. But if I go abroad to build a business, then the field of activity should not concern my profile. But this is my personal opinion, I could be wrong.

From what sources did you form the start-up capital? How much money did you need at the initial stage? What did you have to spend money on?

I have already stated that the waste disposal and recycling business requires enormous investments. The amount was four million rubles. Money was spent:

1. for the rental of specialized vehicles;
2. for the salary of an accountant, workers;
3. for registration legal entity and payment of other state duties;
4. for the purchase of equipment for sorting and processing waste.

It’s good that I had free space at my disposal. Because long-term rent at that time was an expensive luxury for me.

He took out three million rubles on credit, an entrepreneur I knew invested five hundred thousand, and the last part was invested from his personal budget.

How did you scale up your activities? Did you use government support?

The business started with a loan. For the first six months, the company worked at zero, since I invested the money I earned back into the business. A businessman friend invested in my company and now has a small stake.

If we talk about state support from a material point of view, I did not resort to such help. However, you must understand that in my business there is nowhere without government support. The support of the state is that it helps in obtaining permits.

How was the activity legalized?

The company is legally registered. At the beginning of my activity, I opened a limited liability company. We work according to a simplified taxation system.

At the beginning of the activity, several business permits were obtained.

What is your relationship with inspection authorities?

Checks are routine. Once a year the equipment is checked for functionality. Tax service last time I checked it three years ago, everything went well. Once the company was checked by the migration service.

Is there seasonality in your business?

Seasonality? Of course not. There is always waste, so the process of recycling, sorting and processing waste is always active. This is one of the main advantages of this niche.

What services do you offer?

Initially, the company specialized only in waste sorting. However, three years later he saved up money and started recycling waste.

I thought for a long time whether it was worth getting into the waste disposal niche. Since this is an expensive process and not always profitable, it is rarely possible to carry out proper combustion according to all standards. But I took a risk, and now we are specializing in this process. It brings in twenty percent of all profits.

Do you interact with the Internet?

We don't have a website. I do not get the point of it. The company does not need to interact with customers. We are looking for all personnel via the Internet. I think this is the most convenient way.

Is your business automated? What is your role?

If by the term “automation” you mean the operation of the enterprise without my participation, then no. The company does not make decisions without my knowledge. I think that the company could not have operated successfully for six years without my participation. I am at work from morning until late evening, which I do not regret. I enjoy doing this activity. Younger entrepreneurs have long been advised to outsource half of their processes, but I don’t want to take risks. And I can’t imagine what I would do in my free time from work.

Are you planning to develop in a different direction?

I like the construction niche. You can earn big money there. To begin with, you need start-up capital, which you don’t have. Now I am looking for an experienced entrepreneur in this field who can become a partner.

Are you familiar with the concept of “franchise”? How do you feel about such a business?

Familiar. I will say more, I acquired a coffee shop franchise, things did not go uphill. This is my mistake, because I did not fully study and calculate the niche.

Franchise - interesting view business. You need to remember when buying a franchise, you still have to work hard to make money.

What should it be successful entrepreneur?

Most importantly, a businessman must calculate the situation ten steps ahead. I think an entrepreneur should be humble. You shouldn't show how much money you earn.

What advice can you give to people who dream of starting their own business?

A person who believes in himself and his business can achieve success in business. A person must believe that his product is the best.

A young entrepreneur must understand that he will hear many refusals. They should not influence a person's intentions.